Editing Martinair (section)

==History==
===Early years===
[[File:Martin's Air Charter De Havilland DH-104 Dove 1B Groningen Airport.jpg|thumb|Martin's Air Charter [[de Havilland Dove]] in the early 1960s]]
[[File:Martinair Convair 640.jpg|thumb|Martinair [[Convair 640]] in 1967]]
[[File:Martinair B763 PH-MCH.jpg|right|thumb|A Martinair [[Boeing 767-300ER]] passenger aircraft]]
The airline was founded on 24 May 1958 as '''Martin's Air Charter''' (MAC), by [[Martin Schröder (aviator)|Martin Schröder]] and [[John Nicolaas Block|John Block]], with one aircraft, a [[de Havilland Dove]], and five employees.<ref name="Sheep p122-3">''Air International'' March 1973, pp. 122–123.</ref> In 1963, Mr. Schröder sold 49% of the company to four equal shipping company shareholders (12.25% each, these eventually combining as [[Nedlloyd]]). KLM would later purchase the 50+% that Mr. Schröder owned, buying him out.

The name was changed to '''Martinair Holland''' in 1966. A healthy boost came in 1967 with the opening of business to the United States. Martinair became all jet-powered in 1971.<ref>[http://www.martinair.com/nl_en/about/history.aspx Short history of Martinair] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927024801/http://www.martinair.com/nl_en/about/history.aspx |date=2011-09-27 }} at Martinair.com</ref>

In 1991, the first aircraft with the ''Martinair Cargo'' name was introduced, and ''Holland'' was dropped from all aircraft. In 1996, Martinair bought a 40% stake in [[Colombia]]n cargo carrier [[TAMPA Cargo]], based in [[Medellín]], which was increased to 58% in 2003. The share in TAMPA was sold in February 2008 to [[Avianca]], a Colombian company.

Martinair president and CEO Martin Schröder, who received the ''[[Tony Jannus Award]]'' in 1995 for his contributions to commercial aviation, retired in 1998 from day-to-day activities. Also that year, the [[European Commission]] in Brussels refused KLM's offer to purchase Nedlloyd's shares, which would have made KLM the sole owner.

The first [[McDonnell Douglas MD-11]] was delivered in December 1994. Throughout the next three years, six other brand-new MD-11s were delivered to Martinair. In total, four [[Mcdonnell Douglas MD-11#Variants|McDonnell Douglas MD-11CF]]s (convertible freighter) and two full freighters were delivered.<ref name=steffen>{{cite book |last=Steffen |first=Arthur A C |title=McDonnell Douglas MD-11: A Long Beach Swansong |url=https://archive.org/details/pdfcoffee.com_aerofax-mcdonnel-douglas-md-11-a-long-beach-swansong-pdf-pdf-free/page/69/mode/2up |page=70 |date=2001 |publisher=Ian Allan |isbn=9781857801170}}</ref> Martinair was the launch customer of the convertible freighter.<ref name=steffen/> In 2004, another MD-11F was added to the fleet, this one was previously owned by [[Swissair]], and then converted to full freighter.{{cn|date=October 2024}} From 1995 to 2006, some of the convertible MD-11 were reconfigured to transport passengers in the high passenger peaks during the summer period. The passenger configuration was fitted with 390 seats.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qmGsROsR12c&t=4m Martinair's Corporate Video 2003] Starts at 4:00 information about the reconfiguration of the MD-11.</ref> After 2006, the demand lowered and Martinair no longer needed extra seats.{{cn|date=October 2024}}

===Development since the 2000s===
In 2006, Martinair purchased four [[Boeing 747-400]]s from [[Singapore Airlines]]. These passenger planes were converted to freighters to replace the older [[Boeing 747-200F]]s.

In June 2007, Martinair announced that it wanted one shareholder, preferably KLM, and in 2008, permission was obtained from the European Commission. The transfer of remaining shares took place on 31 December 2008.<ref>"KLM to become Martinair's sole shareholder", [http://www.martinair.com/ca_en/about/news.aspx Martinair Media Releases page.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081211055844/http://www.martinair.com/ca_en/about/news.aspx |date=2008-12-11 }} Accessed: 18 December 2008</ref> In November 2007, Martinair ceased its short-haul operations to concentrate on its cargo activities and intercontinental flights.

In 2009, three out of the four 747s were stored because of the economic crisis. In September 2010, a restructuring was announced which would involve dropping all passenger services from November 2011, which will be partly taken over by KLM, and leaving only cargo services.<ref>{{cite web|title=Martinair to axe passenger operation next year|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2010/09/23/347768/martinair-to-axe-passenger-operation-next-year.html|publisher=Flightglobal.com|access-date=24 September 2010|date=23 September 2010}}</ref> In November 2010, the European Commission fined Martinair €29.5 million, following an investigation into price-fixing.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/10/business/global/10cartel.html?_r=1|title=E.U. Fines 11 Airlines Over Billion in Cargo Cartel|work=The New York Times|date=9 November 2010|access-date=10 November 2010}}</ref>

At the end of 2010, two of the 747-400s were leased to [[Air Cargo Germany]].<ref>[http://www.airfleets.net/ficheapp/plane-b747-24975.htm History of the PH-MPQ] Two Boeing 747s were leased to Air Cargo Germany</ref><ref>[http://www.airfleets.net/ficheapp/plane-b747-24061.htm History of the PH-MPP] Two Boeing 747s were leased to Air Cargo Germany</ref> The remaining 747 (PH-MPS) returned into service in May 2011 with an untitled colour scheme, because Martinair wasn't sure yet if the plane would remain operating for them.<ref>[http://www.luchtvaartnieuws.nl/nl-NL/Article.cms/Airlines/Vierde_Boeing_747-400BCF_Martinair_keert_terug_uit_woestijn The Last 747 returns to service] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110807224413/http://www.luchtvaartnieuws.nl/nl-NL/Article.cms/Airlines/Vierde_Boeing_747-400BCF_Martinair_keert_terug_uit_woestijn |date=2011-08-07 }} Luchtvaartnieuws.nl – Written in Dutch</ref>

On 31 October 2011, Martinair ceased passenger service, which it had operated since its founding in 1958. Martinair had passenger service throughout Europe, [[the Americas]], [[Asia]], and [[Africa]] from [[Amsterdam]]. The last passenger flight took place on 31 October 2011, leaving it as a freight carrier only until today.<ref>{{cite web|title=Laatste passagiersvlucht Martinair |url=http://www.blikopnieuws.nl/bericht/136430/Laatste_passagiersvlucht_Martinair.html |publisher=Blik op Nieuws.nl |access-date=1 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111101142242/http://www.blikopnieuws.nl/bericht/136430/Laatste_passagiersvlucht_Martinair.html |archive-date=1 November 2011 |date=31 October 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In March 2015, [[Air France-KLM]] announced an intention to shrink their dedicated cargo operations. Therefore, all of Martinair's McDonnell Douglas MD-11Fs were phased out by 2016 without replacement. Additionally, 330 jobs might be cut due to the downsizing.<ref name="ch-aviation.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.ch-aviation.com/portal/news/35995-martinair-to-phase-out-md-11fs-by-june-2016-330-jobs-at-stake|title=Martinair to phase out MD-11(F)s by June 2016; 330 jobs at stake|work=ch-aviation.com|access-date=12 January 2017}}</ref>