Editing Marquette, Michigan (section)

== History ==
[[File:PereMarquetteMarquetteMI.jpg|thumb|left|Statue of Jacques Marquette in Marquette]]
[[File:Marquette Harbor Light Station Marquette Michigan photo James Conkis 2022-2 23.jpg|thumb|Marquette Harbor Light Station]]
The land around Marquette was known to French missionaries of the early 17th century and the trappers of the early 19th century.<ref name="eckert">{{cite book |last=Eckert |first=Kathryn Bishop |year=2000 |title=The Sandstone Architecture of the Lake Superior Region |pages=89–91 |location=Detroit |publisher=Wayne State University Press |isbn=0-8143-2807-5 }}</ref> The area was originally inhabited by the Anishinaabe [[Council of Three Fires]], who referred to the area as ''Gichi-namebini Ziibing''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sign Unveiled for Indigenous Peoples' Day |website=Northern Today |publisher=Northern Michigan University |url=https://news.nmu.edu/sign-unveiled-indigenous-peoples-day |date=October 11, 2021 |access-date=May 10, 2023 |archive-date=January 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128230703/https://news.nmu.edu/sign-unveiled-indigenous-peoples-day |url-status=live }}</ref> Development of the area did not begin until 1844, when [[William Austin Burt|William Burt]] and [[Jacob Houghton]] (the brother of geologist [[Douglass Houghton]]) discovered iron deposits near Teal Lake west of Marquette. In 1845, Jackson Mining Company, the first organized mining company in the region, was formed.<ref name="eckert"/>

The village of Marquette began on September 14, 1849, with the formation of a second iron concern, the Marquette Iron Company. Three men participated in organizing the firm: Robert J. Graveraet, who had prospected the region for ore; Edward Clark, agent for Waterman A. Fisher of [[Worcester, Massachusetts]], who financed the company, and Amos Rogers Harlow. The village was at first called '''New Worcester''', with Harlow as the first postmaster. On August 21, 1850, the name was changed to honor [[Jacques Marquette]], the French Jesuit missionary who had explored the region. A second post office, named Carp River, was opened on October 13, 1851, by [[Peter White (Michigan politician)|Peter White]], who had gone there with Graveraet at age 18.<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ylLF0TN50sUC |title=[not listed] |journal=Inland Seas |year=1968 |via=[[Google Books]]}}{{full citation needed|date= March 2015 }}</ref> Harlow closed his post office in August 1852. The Marquette Iron Company failed, while its successor, the [[Cleveland Iron Mining Company]], flourished and had the village [[plat]]ted in 1854. The plat was recorded by Peter White. White's office was renamed as Marquette in April 1856, and the village was incorporated in 1859. It was incorporated as a city in 1871.<ref name="Romig">{{cite book |last=Romig |first=Walter |year=1986 |title=Michigan Place Names |orig-year=1973 |publisher=Wayne State University Press |location=Detroit |isbn=0-8143-1838-X }}</ref>

During the 1850s, Marquette was linked by rail to numerous mines and became the leading shipping center of the Upper Peninsula. The first [[ore dock|ore pocket dock]], designed by an early town leader, John Burt, was built by the Cleveland Iron Mining Company in 1859.<ref name=bogue>{{cite book |last=Bogue |first=Margaret Beattie |year=2007 |title=Around the Shores of Lake Superior: A Guide to Historic Sites |pages=237–39 |location=Madison |publisher=[[University of Wisconsin Press]] |isbn=978-0-299-22174-4 }}</ref> By 1862, the city had a population of over 1,600 and a soaring economy.<ref name=eckert/>

In the late 19th century, during the height of iron mining, Marquette became nationally known as a summer haven. Visitors brought in by Great Lakes passenger [[steamships]] filled the city's hotels and resorts.<ref name=bogue/>

South of the city, [[K. I. Sawyer Air Force Base]] was an important [[United States Air Force|Air Force]] installation during the [[Cold War]], host to [[B-52H]] bombers and [[KC-135]] tankers of the [[Strategic Air Command]], as well as a fighter interceptor squadron. The base closed in September 1995, and is now the county's [[Marquette Sawyer Regional Airport]].

Marquette continues to be a shipping port for [[hematite]] ores and, today, enriched iron ore pellets, from nearby mines and pelletizing plants. About 7.9 million gross tons of pelletized iron ore passed through Marquette's Presque Isle Harbor in 2005.<ref name=bogue/>

The Roman Catholic Bishop [[Frederic Baraga]] is buried at [[St. Peter Cathedral, Marquette|St. Peter Cathedral]], which is the center for the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Marquette|Diocese of Marquette]].

[[Lakeview Arena]], an ice hockey rink in Marquette, won the [[Kraft Hockeyville USA]] contest on April 30, 2016.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nhl.com/news/hockeyville-usa-2016-winner-is-marquette-mich/c-280524324 |title=Marquette, Mich., wins Kraft Hockeyville USA 2016 |publisher=National Hockey League |date=April 30, 2016 |access-date=April 30, 2016 |archive-date=June 9, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160609183508/https://www.nhl.com/news/hockeyville-usa-2016-winner-is-marquette-mich/c-280524324 |url-status=live }}</ref> The arena received $150,000 in upgrades, and hosted the [[Buffalo Sabres]] and [[Carolina Hurricanes]] on October 4, 2016, in a preseason NHL contest. Buffalo won the game 2–0.

===Postal and philatelic history===
In addition to the Marquette #1 Post Office, there is the "Northern Michigan University Bookstore Contract Station #384".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.postmarks.org/pop/2100/2187.htm |title=Post Office Photo Collection |publisher=Post Mark Collectors Club |access-date=April 12, 2006 |archive-date=September 8, 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050908160840/http://www.postmarks.org/pop/2100/2187.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

The [[first day of issue]] of a [[postal card]] showing Bishop Frederic Baraga took place in Marquette on June 29, 1984,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Murphy |first1=Joe |date=June 30, 1984 |title=Postal Card Honors Work of Snowshoe Priest |work=The Mining Journal |location=Marquette, Michigan |page=1A |issn=0898-4964 }}</ref> and that of the Wonders of America Lake Superior stamp<ref>{{cite web |url=http://arago.si.edu/index.asp?con=2&cmd=1&fid=&fid=2046545&id=192585&img=1&mode=2&pg=1&tid=204653 |title=39c Lake Superior single |work=Arago |publisher=Smithsonian Institution |access-date=April 23, 2013 |archive-date=July 20, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720044031/http://arago.si.edu/index.asp?con=2&cmd=1&fid=&fid=2046545&id=192585&img=1&mode=2&pg=1&tid=204653 |url-status=live }}</ref> on May 27, 2006.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://mqtmaritimemuseum.com/06-stamp.html |publisher=Marquette Maritime Museum |title=Dedication of Wonders of America Lake Superior Stamp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120520074937/http://mqtmaritimemuseum.com/06-stamp.html |archive-date=May 20, 2012 }}</ref>