Editing Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair (section)

==Family history==

===Baronetcy of Haddo===
The Gordon family descends from [[Sir John Gordon, 1st Baronet, of Haddo|John Gordon]], who fought as a Royalist against the [[Covenanter]]s in the [[English Civil War|Civil War]]. In 1642 he was created a baronet, of [[Haddo House|Haddo]] in the County of Aberdeen, in the [[Baronetage of Nova Scotia]]. In 1644 he was found guilty of treason and beheaded, with the baronetcy forfeited. The title was restored after the [[English Restoration|Restoration]] for his son John, the second Baronet.

===Earldom of Aberdeen===
The second Baronet died without male issue and was succeeded by his younger brother, the third Baronet. He was a noted advocate and served as [[Lord President of the Court of Session]] and as [[Lord Chancellor of Scotland]]. On 30 November 1682 he was raised to the [[Peerage of Scotland]] as '''Lord Haddo, Methlick, Tarves and Kellie''', '''Viscount of Formartine''' and '''Earl of Aberdeen'''.{{sfn|Cokayne|1910|p=14}} He was succeeded by his only surviving son, the second Earl. He sat in the [[House of Lords]] as a [[List of Scottish representative peers|Scottish representative peer]] from 1721 to 1727. On his death the titles passed to his eldest son from his second marriage, the third Earl. He was a Scottish Representative Peer from 1747 to 1761 and from 1774 to 1790.{{sfn|Cokayne|1910|p=15}}

===Lord Aberdeen, Prime Minister===
[[File:Georgehamiltongordonaberdeen.jpg|thumb|''[[Portrait of Lord Aberdeen]]'' by [[Thomas Lawrence]], 1830. The [[George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen|Fourth Earl]] when serving as [[Foreign Secretary (United Kingdom)|Foreign Secretary]].]]
The third earl was succeeded by his grandson, the [[George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen|fourth Earl]], who was the eldest son of [[George Gordon, Lord Haddo]]. On 1 June 1814 he was created '''Viscount Gordon''', of [[Aberdeen]] in the [[County of Aberdeen]], in the Peerage of the United Kingdom,<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=16909 |date=18 June 1814 |page=1255}}</ref> which entitled him to an automatic seat in the House of Lords. Lord Aberdeen was a distinguished diplomat and statesman and served as [[Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs|Foreign Secretary]] from 1828 to 1830 and from 1841 to 1846 and as [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]] from 1852 to 1855. Aberdeen married firstly Lady Catherine Elizabeth (1784–1812), daughter of [[John Hamilton, 1st Marquess of Abercorn]], and assumed by Royal licence the additional surname of Hamilton in 1818.{{sfn|Cokayne|1910|p=16}}

When Lord Aberdeen died, the titles passed to his eldest son from his second marriage to Harriet Douglas, the fifth Earl. He sat as [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal]] [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|member of parliament]] (MP) for [[Aberdeenshire (UK Parliament constituency)|Aberdeenshire]]. His eldest son, the sixth Earl, was a sailor and adventurer. He was accidentally drowned off the coast of America in 1870, without marrying or having children.{{sfn|Cokayne|1910|p=17}}

===Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair===
[[File:Lord Aberdeen.jpg|thumb|250px|John Hamilton-Gordon, <br /> 1st Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair]]

The sixth earl of Aberdeen was succeeded by his younger brother, the seventh Earl. [[John Hamilton-Gordon, 1st Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair|John Hamilton-Gordon]], was a Liberal politician and served as [[Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland]] in 1886{{sfn|Cokayne|1910|p=18}} and from 1905 to 1915{{sfn|Cokayne|1940|p=209}} and as [[Governor General of Canada]] from 1893 to 1898.{{sfn|Cokayne|1910|p=18}} On 4 January 1916 he was created '''Earl of Haddo''', in the County of Aberdeen, and '''Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair''', in the County of Aberdeen, in the [[County of Meath]] and in the [[County of Argyll]]. Both titles are in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.{{sfn|Cokayne|1940|p=209}}<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=29427 |date=4 January 1916 |page=179}}</ref>

He was succeeded by his eldest son, the [[George Gordon, 2nd Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair|second Marquess]], who was a member of the [[London County Council]] and served as [[Lord-Lieutenant of Aberdeenshire]].{{sfn|Cokayne|1940|p=209}} He was childless and was succeeded by his younger brother, [[Dudley Gordon, 3rd Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair|the third Marquess]]. He was notably President of the Federation of British Industries. When he died the titles passed to his eldest son, the [[David Gordon, 4th Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair|fourth Marquess]]. He was a member of the [[Aberdeenshire County Council]] and Lord-Lieutenant of Aberdeenshire. He had four adopted children but no biological issue and was succeeded by his younger brother, [[Archibald Gordon, 5th Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair|the fifth Marquess]].{{sfn|Montague-Smith|2008}}{{page needed|date=January 2023}} He was a broadcaster working for the [[BBC]]. He never married and on his death in 1984 the titles passed to his fourth and youngest brother, [[Alastair Gordon, 6th Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair|the sixth Marquess]]. He was Chairman of [[The Arts Club]].{{sfn|Montague-Smith|2008}}{{page needed|date=January 2023}} Upon his death in 2002, the [[Alexander Gordon, 7th Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair|seventh Marquess]], who was a [[Deputy lieutenant|Deputy Lieutenant]] of Aberdeenshire, inherited the titles. {{As of|2020}}, the Marquessate is held by George Gordon, who is the eighth Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair, having succeeded in that year.

===Other family members===
Numerous other members of the Gordon family have also gained distinction. The Hon. William Gordon (died 1816), eldest son from the third marriage of the second Earl, was a general in the Army. The Hon. Cosmo Gordon, second son from the third marriage of the second Earl, was a colonel in the Army. The Hon. [[Alexander Gordon, Lord Rockville|Alexander Gordon]] (1739–1792), third son from the third marriage of the second Earl, was a [[Lord of Session]] from 1788 to 1792 under the judicial title of Lord Rockville. His son [[Sir William Duff-Gordon, 2nd Baronet|William Duff-Gordon]] was member of parliament for [[Worcester (UK Parliament constituency)|Worcester]]. In 1815 he succeeded his uncle as second Baron of Halkin according to a special remainder and assumed the additional surname of Duff (see [[Duff baronets|Duff-Gordon baronets]] for further history of this branch of the family). The Hon. [[William Gordon (1785-1858)|William Gordon]], younger brother of the fourth Earl, was a [[vice-admiral]] in the [[Royal Navy]] and sat as member of parliament for Aberdeenshire. The Hon. Alexander Gordon (1786–1815), younger brother of the fourth Earl, was a soldier and was killed at the [[Battle of Waterloo]].

The Hon. [[Robert Gordon (diplomat)|Sir Robert Gordon]], younger brother of the fourth Earl, was a diplomat and served as [[British Ambassador to Austria]]. The Hon. John Gordon (1792–1869), younger brother of the fourth Earl, was an admiral in the Royal Navy. The Hon. [[Alexander Hamilton-Gordon (1817-1890)|Sir Alexander Hamilton-Gordon]] (1817–1890), eldest son of the second marriage of the fourth Earl, was a general in the Army and sat as member of parliament for [[East Aberdeenshire (UK Parliament constituency)|Aberdeenshire East]]. His eldest son, [[Alexander Hamilton-Gordon (1859-1939)|Sir Alexander Hamilton-Gordon]] was also a general in the Army. Reverend the Hon. Douglas Hamilton-Gordon (1824–1901), third son of the second marriage of the fourth Earl, was Chaplain-in-Ordinary to [[Queen Victoria]] and Canon of [[Diocese of Salisbury|Salisbury]]. The Hon. [[Arthur Hamilton-Gordon, 1st Baron Stanmore|Arthur Hamilton-Gordon]], fourth son of the second marriage of the fourth Earl, was a Liberal politician and was created [[Baron Stanmore]] in 1893 (see this title for more information on him and this branch of the family). [[Ishbel Hamilton-Gordon, Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair]], daughter of [[Dudley Marjoribanks, 1st Baron Tweedmouth]], and wife of the first Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair, was an author, philanthropist and an advocate of woman's interests.

The family seat is [[Haddo House]], [[Aberdeenshire]]. The title Earl of Haddo is the [[courtesy title]] for the Marquess's eldest son and heir, the eldest son of whom uses the [[courtesy title]] Viscount of Formartine. The Marquesses of Aberdeen and Temair are related to the [[Marquess of Huntly|Marquesses of Huntly]]. Sir John Gordon (died c. 1395) of Strathbogie, ancestor of Sir John Gordon, 1st Baronet, was the brother of Elizabeth Gordon. She married Sir Alexander Seton (died 1438) and was the mother of [[Alexander Gordon, 1st Earl of Huntly]] (ancestor of the Marquesses of Huntly).