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==Events== ===Pre-1600=== * [[410]] – The [[Southern Yan]] capital of Guanggu [[Conquest of Southern Yan by Jin|falls to]] the [[Jin dynasty (266–420)|Jin dynasty]] general [[Emperor Wu of Song|Liu Yu]], ending the Southern Yan dynasty.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Guang |first=Sima |url=https://zh.m.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91/%E5%8D%B7115 |title=Zizhi Tongjian |year=1084 |volume=115 |language=zh |access-date=25 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=兩千年中西曆轉換 |trans-title=Chinese-Western Calendar Converter (up to two millennia BP) |url=https://sinocal.sinica.edu.tw/ |access-date=25 March 2023 |website=Academia Sinica |language=zh}}</ref> * [[421]] – Italian city [[Venice]] is founded with the dedication of the first church, that of [[San Giacomo di Rialto]] on the islet of [[Rialto]].<ref name="RingSalkin1996">{{cite book |author1=Trudy Ring |author2=Robert M. Salkin |author3=Sharon La Boda |title=International Dictionary of Historic Places: Southern Europe |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=74JI2UlcU8AC&pg=PA745 |access-date=24 March 2011 |date=1 January 1996 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1-884964-02-2 |page=745}}</ref> * [[708]] – [[Pope Constantine]] becomes the 88th pope. He would be the last pope to visit Constantinople until 1967. * [[717]] – [[Theodosius III]] resigns the throne to the [[Byzantine Empire]] to enter the clergy allowing [[Leo III the Isaurian|Leo III]] to take the throne and begin the Isaurian dynasty. * [[919]] – [[Romanos I Lekapenos|Romanos Lekapenos]] seizes the [[Boukoleon Palace]] in [[Constantinople]] and becomes [[regent]] of the Byzantine emperor [[Constantine VII]]. *[[AD 1000|1000]] – [[Fatimid]] caliph [[al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah]] assassinates the eunuch chief minister [[Barjawan]] and assumes control of the government. *[[1065]] – The [[Great German Pilgrimage of 1064–65|Great German Pilgrimage]] is attacked on [[Good Friday]] by [[Bedouin|Beduin]] bandits, suffering heavy losses.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Einar Joranson |editor1-last=Paetow |editor1-first=Louis J. |title=The Crusades and Other Historical Essays Presented to Dana C. Munro by his Former Students |date=1928 |publisher=Crofts |location=New York |pages=3–43 |url=https://archive.org/details/crusadesotherhis0000unse/page/n15/mode/2up?view=theater |access-date=21 March 2023 |chapter=The Great German Pilgrimage of 1064-1065}}</ref> *[[1306]] – [[Robert the Bruce]] becomes King of Scots (Scotland). *[[1409]] – The [[Council of Pisa]] convenes, in an attempt to heal the [[Western Schism]]. *[[1410]] – The [[Yongle Emperor]] of [[Ming dynasty|Ming China]] launches the first of [[Yongle Emperor's campaigns against the Mongols|his military campaigns against the Mongols]], resulting in the fall of the Mongol khan [[Öljei Temür Khan|Bunyashiri]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Perdue |first=Peter C. |url=https://archive.org/details/chinamarcheswest00pete |title=China Marches West: The Qing Conquest of Central Eurasia |publisher=Belknap Press of [[Harvard University Press]] |year=2005 |isbn=067401684X |location=Cambridge |page=55 |language=en}}</ref> *[[1519]] – [[Hernán Cortés]], entering province of [[Tabasco]], defeats Tabascan Indians.<ref>{{cite book|first=Clifton|last=Daniel|title=Chronicle of America|publisher=Chronicle publication|year=1989|page=765|isbn=0-13-133745-9}}</ref> *[[1576]] – Jerome Savage takes out a sub-lease to start the [[Newington Butts Theatre]] outside London. *[[1584]] – Sir [[Walter Raleigh]] is granted a patent to colonize [[Virginia]]. ===1601–1900=== *[[1655]] – [[Saturn]]'s largest moon, [[Titan (moon)|Titan]], is discovered by [[Christiaan Huygens]]. *[[1708]] – A French fleet anchors nears [[Fife Ness]] as part of the [[Planned French invasion of Britain (1708)|planned French invasion of Britain]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Owen |first1=John Hely |title=War at Sea Under Queen Anne 1702-1708 |date=1938 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=978-1108013383 |pages=255–263 |edition=2010}}</ref> *[[1725]] – Bach's [[Chorale cantata (Bach)|chorale cantata]] "[[Wie schön leuchtet der Morgenstern, BWV 1|''Wie schön leuchtet der Morgenstern'', BWV 1]]", is first performed on the [[Feast of the Annunciation]], coinciding with [[Palm Sunday]].<ref>{{cite book | last = Leisinger | first = Ulrich | author-link = Ulrich Leisinge | translator-last = Kosviner | translator-first = David | url = https://www.carusmedia.com/images-intern/medien//30/3100100/3100100x.pdf | title = Johann Sebastian Bach / Wie schön leuchtet der Morgenstern / How beauteous is the morning star / BWV 1 | publisher = [[Carus-Verlag]] | location = Stuttgart | date = 1998 | page = 4 }}</ref> *[[1770]] – [[Daskalogiannis]] leads the people of [[Sfakia]] in the first Greek uprising against the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] rule<ref>{{cite journal|title=The First Cretan Rebellion against the Ottoman Authority: Narratives and Source|author=Yakup Öztürk|journal=The Journal of Ottoman Studies|volume=53|year=2019|pages=195–229|url=https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/828934}}</ref> *[[1776]] – [[American Revolutionary War]] – [[Patriot (American Revolution)|American Patriot]]s conduct a [[Raid on Tybee Island]], primarily seeking to capture runaway slaves who sought refuge with British forces stationed there.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Raphael |first=Ray |author-link=Ray Raphael |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=toWzDnM9JDEC |title=Founders: The People Who Brought You a Nation |publisher=[[The New Press]] |year=2009 |p=226 |isbn=978-1-59558-506-6 |location=New York City |oclc=646830511}}</ref> *[[1802]] – The [[Treaty of Amiens]] is signed as a "Definitive Treaty of Peace" between France and the United Kingdom. * [[1807]] – The [[Swansea and Mumbles Railway]], then known as the Oystermouth Railway, becomes the first passenger-carrying railway in the world. *[[1811]] – [[Percy Bysshe Shelley]] is expelled from the [[University of Oxford]] for publishing the pamphlet ''[[The Necessity of Atheism]]''. *[[1821]] – [[Greek War of Independence]]: Traditional date of the start of the Greek War of Independence. The war had actually begun on [[23 February]] 1821 ([[Julian calendar]]). *[[1845]] – New Zealand Legislative Council pass the first Militia Act constituting the [[New Zealand Army]].<ref name=oclc14030948/> *[[1865]] – [[American Civil War]]: In [[Virginia]] during the [[Siege of Petersburg]], [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] forces temporarily capture [[Battle of Fort Stedman|Fort Stedman]] from the [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]] before being repulsed. *[[1894]] – [[Coxey's Army]], the first significant American protest march, departs [[Massillon, Ohio]] for Washington, D.C. ===1901–present=== *[[1905]] – The Greek football club [[P.A.E. G.S. Diagoras]] is founded in the city of [[Rhodes (city)|Rhodes]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.ertnews.gr/anadromes/diagoras-rodoy-i-athlitiki-filiki-etaireia-apo-tis-25-martioy-1905-mechri-simera/ | title=Διαγόρας Ρόδου: Η αθλητική "Φιλική Εταιρεία" από τις 25 Μαρτίου 1905 μέχρι σήμερα | date=27 March 2021 }}</ref> *[[1911]] – In New York City, the [[Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire]] kills 146 garment workers.<ref>{{cite news |title=Thai Factory Fire's 200 Victims Were Locked Inside, Guards Say |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/05/12/world/thai-factory-fire-s-200-victims-were-locked-inside-guards-say.html |journal=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=14 May 2020 |date=12 May 1993}}</ref> * 1911 – Andrey Yushchinsky is murdered in [[Kyiv|Kiev]], leading to the [[Menahem Mendel Beilis|Beilis affair]]. *[[1914]] – The Greek multi-sport club [[Aris Thessaloniki]] is founded in [[Thessaloniki]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://arisfc.com.gr/index.php/en/club/istoria | title=History }}</ref> *[[1917]] – The [[Georgian Orthodox Church]] restores its [[autocephaly]] abolished by [[Imperial Russia]] in 1811. *[[1918]] – The [[Belarusian People's Republic]] is established. *[[1919]] – The [[Antisemitism in Ukraine#Russian Civil War|Tetiev pogrom]] occurs in Ukraine, becoming the prototype of mass murder during the [[Holocaust]].<ref name="milarsky">M. I. Midlarsky. The killing trap: genocide in the seventeenth century. Cambridge University Press. 2005. p. 46.</ref> *[[1924]] – On the anniversary of [[Greek War of Independence|Greek Independence]], [[Alexandros Papanastasiou]] proclaims the [[Second Hellenic Republic]]. *[[1931]] – The [[Scottsboro Boys]] are arrested in [[Alabama]] and charged with rape. *[[1932]] – The [[Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Athens)|Tomb of the Unknown Soldier]] is unveiled in [[Athens]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.geetha.mil.gr/media/21noe/agnostos-stratiotis.pdf |title=Archived copy |website=www.geetha.mil.gr |access-date=1 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151123182631/http://www.geetha.mil.gr/media/21noe/agnostos-stratiotis.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[1941]] – The [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]] joins the [[Axis powers]] with the signing of the [[Tripartite Pact]]. *[[1947]] – An [[1947 Centralia mine disaster|explosion in a coal mine]] in [[Centralia, Illinois]] kills 111. *[[1948]] – The first successful [[Tornado warning|tornado forecast]] predicts that [[1948 Tinker Air Force Base tornadoes|a tornado will strike Tinker Air Force Base]], [[Oklahoma]]. *[[1949]] – More than 92,000 [[kulak]]s are suddenly [[Operation Priboi|deported]] from the [[Baltic states]] to [[Siberia]]. *[[1957]] – [[United States Customs]] seizes copies of [[Allen Ginsberg]]'s poem "[[Howl (poem)|Howl]]" on obscenity grounds. * 1957 – The [[European Economic Community]] is established with West Germany, France, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands and [[Luxembourg]] as the first members. *[[1959]] – [[Chain Island]] is sold by the State of [[California]] to Russell Gallaway III, a Sacramento businessman who plans to use it as a "hunting and fishing retreat", for $5,258.20 (${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|5258|1959|r=0}}}} in {{Inflation/year|US}}).<ref name="Sacram1959-03-25">{{Cite news | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/86337140/sacramentan-purchases-misplaced-island-i/ | date = 25 March 1959 | page = 19 | title = Sacramentan Purchases Misplaced Island In River | via = Newspapers.com | newspaper = The Sacramento Bee | location = Sacramento, California }}</ref> *[[1965]] – [[Civil rights movement|Civil rights]] activists led by [[Martin Luther King Jr.]] successfully complete [[Selma to Montgomery marches|their 4-day {{convert|50|mile|adj=on}} march]] from [[Selma, Alabama|Selma]] to the capitol in [[Montgomery, Alabama]]. *[[1971]] – The [[Army of the Republic of Vietnam]] [[Operation Lam Son 719|abandon an attempt]] to cut off the [[Ho Chi Minh trail]] in [[Laos]]. *[[1975]] – [[Faisal of Saudi Arabia]] is shot and killed by his nephew. *[[1979]] – The first fully functional [[Space Shuttle]] orbiter, ''[[Space Shuttle Columbia|Columbia]]'', is delivered to the [[John F. Kennedy Space Center]] to be prepared for its first launch. *[[1988]] – The [[Candle demonstration in Bratislava]] is the first mass demonstration of the 1980s against the communist regime in [[Czechoslovakia]]. *[[1995]] – [[WikiWikiWeb]], the world's first wiki, and part of the [[Portland Pattern Repository]], is made public by [[Ward Cunningham]]. *[[1996]] – The [[European Union]]'s Veterinarian Committee bans the export of British beef and its by-products as a result of mad cow disease ([[Bovine spongiform encephalopathy]]). *[[2006]] – [[Capitol Hill massacre]]: A gunman kills six people before taking his own life at a party in Seattle's [[Capitol Hill (Seattle)|Capitol Hill]] neighborhood. * 2006 – Protesters demanding a new election in [[Belarus]], following the rigged [[2006 Belarusian presidential election]], clash with riot police. Opposition leader [[Aleksander Kozulin]] is among several protesters arrested. *[[2018]] – [[Syrian civil war]]: Following the completion of the [[Afrin offensive]], the [[Syrian Democratic Forces]] (SDF) initiate an [[SDF insurgency in Northern Aleppo|insurgency]] against the [[Turkish occupation of northern Syria|Turkish occupation]] of the [[Afrin District]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/07/13/turkey-has-made-a-quagmire-for-itself-in-syria/ |title=Turkey Has Made a Quagmire for Itself in Syria |last=Daragahi |first=Borzou |work=[[Foreign Policy]] |date=13 July 2018 |access-date=28 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://ahvalnews.com/afrin/twin-explosions-mark-new-tensions-afrin |title=Twin explosions mark new tensions in Afrin |last=Kajjo |first=Sirwan |work=[[Ahval]] |date=30 June 2018 |access-date=28 July 2018 |archive-date=13 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413194159/https://ahvalnews.com/afrin/twin-explosions-mark-new-tensions-afrin |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.kurdistan24.net/en/news/02701924-aa19-4978-870e-ded15e10ded9 |title=YPG continues attacks on Turkish army and rebels in Afrin |author=Wladimir van Wilgenburg |work=[[Kurdistan 24]] |date=17 July 2018 |access-date=28 July 2018}}</ref>
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