Editing March 17 (section)

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
*[[45 BC]] &ndash; In his last victory, [[Julius Caesar]] defeats the [[Pompey|Pompeian]] forces of [[Titus Labienus]] and [[Gnaeus Pompeius (son of Pompey the Great)|Pompey the Younger]] in the [[Battle of Munda]].
* [[180]] &ndash; [[Commodus]] becomes sole [[Roman emperor|emperor]] of the [[Roman Empire]] at the age of eighteen, following the death of his father, [[Marcus Aurelius]].<ref>{{cite book|author=William E. Dunstan|title=Ancient Rome |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xkOhwFzz1AkC&pg=PA397 |date=16 November 2010 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers |isbn=978-0-7425-6834-1 |page=397}}</ref>
* [[455]] &ndash; [[Petronius Maximus]] becomes, with support of the [[Roman Senate]], emperor of the [[Western Roman Empire]]; he forces [[Licinia Eudoxia]], the widow of his predecessor, [[Valentinian III]], to marry him.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Philip Grierson |author2=Melinda Mays |title=Catalogue of Late Roman Coins in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection and in the Whittemore Collection: From Arcadius and Honorius to the Accession of Anastasius |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sdCjnwoQLR0C&pg=PA247 |year=1992 |publisher=Dumbarton Oaks |isbn=978-0-88402-193-3 |page=247}}</ref>
*[[1337]] &ndash; [[Edward, the Black Prince]] is made [[Duke of Cornwall]], the first [[Duchy]] in [[Kingdom of England|England]].
*[[1400]] &ndash; [[Turko-Mongol]] emperor [[Timur]] [[Siege of Damascus (1400)|sacks Damascus]].{{sfn|Ibn Khaldun|1952|p=97}}

===1601–1900===
*[[1776]] &ndash; [[American Revolution]]: The [[British Army]] [[Evacuation Day (Massachusetts)|evacuates]] [[Boston]], ending the [[Siege of Boston]], after [[George Washington]] and [[Henry Knox]] [[Fortification of Dorchester Heights|place artillery]] in positions overlooking the city.
*[[1805]] &ndash; The [[Italian Republic (Napoleonic)|Italian Republic]], with [[Napoleon]] as president, becomes the [[Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)|Kingdom of Italy]], with Napoleon as [[King of Italy]].
*[[1824]] &ndash; The [[Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824|Anglo-Dutch Treaty]] is signed in London, dividing the Malay archipelago. As a result, the Malay Peninsula is dominated by the British, while Sumatra and Java and surrounding areas are dominated by the Dutch.
*[[1842]] &ndash; The [[Relief Society|Female Relief Society of Nauvoo]] is formally organized with [[Emma Smith]] as president.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Newell |first1=Linda King |title=Mormon Enigma: Emma Hale Smith |title-link=Mormon Enigma |last2=Avery |first2=Valeen Tippetts |publisher=Doubleday |year=1994 |isbn=0-252-06291-4 |edition=2nd |location=New York |pages=106–108 |chapter=In Search of Iniquity |ol=1422345M |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/mormonenigmaemma00newe_0/page/106 |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref>
*[[1860]] &ndash; The [[First Taranaki War]] begins in [[Taranaki]], New Zealand, a major phase of the [[New Zealand Wars]].
*[[1861]] &ndash; The [[Kingdom of Italy]] is proclaimed.
*[[1862]] &ndash; The first [[Rail transport in Finland|railway line]] of [[Finland]] between cities of [[Helsinki]] and [[Hämeenlinna]], called ''[[Finnish Main Line|Päärata]]'', is officially opened.<ref>Neil Kent: ''Helsinki: A Cultural History'', p. 18. Interlink Books, 2014. {{ISBN|978-1566565448}}.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-5061482|title=Tulihevonen saapui ensi kerran Hämeenlinnaan 150 vuotta sitten|trans-title=The "fire horse" arrived first time in Hämeenlinna 150 years ago|work=Yle Häme|publisher=[[Yle]]|date=January 31, 2012|access-date=September 29, 2021|language=fi}}</ref>
*[[1891]] &ndash; {{SS|Utopia}} collides with {{HMS|Anson|1886|6}} in the [[Bay of Gibraltar]] and sinks, killing 562 of the 880 passengers on board.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://maritimecyprus.com/2018/03/17/flashback-in-maritime-history-ss-utopia-collision-with-hms-anson-and-sinking-on-17-march-1891-562-fatalities/ | date=17 March 2018 | website=maritimecyprus.com | publisher=Maritime Cyprus | title=Flashback in maritime history: SS Utopia collision with HMS Anson and sinking on 17 March 1891 – 562 fatalities}}</ref>

===1901–present===
*[[1921]] &ndash; The [[Second Polish Republic]] adopts the [[March Constitution (Poland)|March Constitution]].
*[[1942]] &ndash; [[The Holocaust|Holocaust]]: The first Jews from the [[Lwów Ghetto|Lvov Ghetto]] are gassed at the [[Belzec extermination camp|Belzec]] [[Extermination camp|death camp]] in what is today eastern Poland.
*[[1945]] &ndash; The [[Ludendorff Bridge]] in [[Remagen]], Germany, collapses, ten days after its capture.
*[[1948]] &ndash; [[Belgium]], [[France]], [[Luxembourg]], the [[Netherlands]] and the [[United Kingdom]] sign the [[Treaty of Brussels]], a precursor to the [[North Atlantic Treaty]] establishing [[NATO]].<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://law.emory.edu/eilr/content/volume-34/issue-special/articles/origins-nato-1948-1949.html | title=Origins of NATO: 1948–1949 | author= Lawrence S. Kaplan | journal= Emory International Law Review | date=January 2019 | volume=34 | page=11 | access-date = 16 April 2020}}</ref>
*[[1950]] &ndash; Researchers at the [[University of California, Berkeley]] announce the creation of element 98, which they name "[[californium]]".<ref>{{cite book|author=Glenn Theodore Seaborg|author-link=Glenn T. Seaborg bibliography|title=Journal of Glenn T. Seaborg, 1946-1958: January 1, 1950-December 31, 1950|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pvpDAQAAIAAJ|year=1990|publisher=Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California|page=80}}</ref>
*[[1957]] &ndash; A [[1957 Cebu Douglas C-47 crash|plane crash]] in [[Cebu]], Philippines kills [[President of the Philippines|Philippine President]] [[Ramon Magsaysay]] and 24 others.
*[[1958]] &ndash; The United States launches the [[Vanguard 1|first solar-powered satellite]], which is also the first satellite to achieve a long-term orbit.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1958-002B | title=Vanguard 1 | website=NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive | publisher=[[NASA]] | access-date=16 April 2020}}</ref>
*[[1960]] &ndash; U.S. President [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] signs the [[United States National Security Council|National Security Council]] directive on the anti-[[Cuba]]n covert action program that will ultimately lead to the [[Bay of Pigs Invasion]].
*1960   &ndash; [[Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 710]] crashes in [[Tobin Township, Perry County, Indiana]], killing 63.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=1960-03-18 |title=63 DIE AS PLANE EXPLODES OVER INDIANA ON A FLIGHT FROM MIDWEST TO MIAMI |page=1 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref>
*[[1963]] &ndash; [[Mount Agung]] erupts on [[Bali]] killing more than 1,100 people.
*[[1966]] &ndash; Off the coast of Spain in the Mediterranean, the {{Ship|DSV|Alvin}} submarine finds a [[1966 Palomares B-52 crash|missing American hydrogen bomb]].
*[[1968]] &ndash; As a result of [[nerve gas]] testing by the [[United States Army|U.S. Army]] [[Chemical Corps]] in [[Skull Valley (Utah)|Skull Valley, Utah]], over 6,000 sheep are [[Dugway sheep incident|found dead]].
*[[1969]] &ndash; [[Golda Meir]] becomes the first female [[Prime Minister of Israel]].
*[[1973]] &ndash; The [[Pulitzer Prize]]–winning photograph ''[[Burst of Joy]]'' is taken, depicting a former [[prisoner of war]] being reunited with his family, which came to symbolize the end of United States involvement in the [[Vietnam War]].
*[[1979]] &ndash; The [[Penmanshiel Tunnel]] collapses during engineering works, killing two workers.
*[[1985]] &ndash; Serial killer [[Richard Ramirez]], aka the "Night Stalker", commits the first two murders in his Los Angeles murder spree.
*[[1988]] &ndash; A [[Colombia]]n [[Boeing 727]] [[jet airliner|jetliner]], [[Avianca Flight 410]], crashes into a mountainside near the [[Venezuela]]n border killing 143.
*  1988   &ndash; [[Eritrean War of Independence]]: The Nadew Command, an [[Ethiopia]]n army corps in [[Eritrea]], is attacked on three sides by military units of the [[Eritrean People's Liberation Front]] in the opening action of the [[Battle of Afabet]].
*[[1992]] &ndash; [[1992 attack on Israeli embassy in Buenos Aires|Israeli Embassy attack in Buenos Aires]]: [[Car bomb]] attack kills 29 and injures 242.
*  1992   &ndash; A [[South African apartheid referendum, 1992|referendum to end apartheid]] in [[South Africa]] is passed 68.7% to 31.2%.
*[[2000]] &ndash; Five hundred and thirty members of the [[Uganda]]n cult [[Movement for the Restoration of the Ten Commandments of God]] die in a fire, considered to be a mass murder or suicide orchestrated by leaders of the cult. Elsewhere another 248 members are later found dead.
*[[2003]] &ndash; [[Leader of the House of Commons]] and [[Lord President of the Council]], [[Robin Cook]], resigns from the [[Cabinet of the United Kingdom|British Cabinet]] in disagreement with government plans for the [[2003 invasion of Iraq]].
*[[2004]] &ndash; [[2004 unrest in Kosovo|Unrest in Kosovo]]: More than 22 are killed and 200 wounded. Thirty-five [[Serbian Orthodox Church|Serbian Orthodox]] shrines in [[Kosovo]] and two [[mosque]]s in [[Serbia]] are destroyed.
*[[2016]] &ndash; [[Rojava conflict]]: At a conference in [[Rmelan]], the [[Movement for a Democratic Society]] declares the establishment of the [[Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria|Democratic Federation of Northern Syria]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Syria's Kurds declare de-facto federal region in north|url=https://apnews.com/882b101de1024e63bd9525bb32c708e3|access-date=17 January 2017|work=Associated Press News|date=17 March 2016}}</ref>