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==History== {{Further|Battle of Paoli}} [[File:Malvern PA 1st Presby PHS332.jpg|thumb|Malvern First Presbyterian Church before 1923]] The area was originally settled in the 17th century by [[Welsh people|Welsh]] immigrants who purchased land from [[William Penn]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tredyffrin.org/general/history.aspx |title=History of Tredyffrin Township |publisher=Tredyffrin Township website |access-date=2010-10-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100922052112/http://www.tredyffrin.org/general/history.aspx |archive-date=2010-09-22 }}</ref> On the evening of September 20, 1777, near Malvern, General [[Charles Grey, 1st Earl Grey|Charles Grey]] and nearly 5,000 [[British Army during the American Revolutionary War|British soldiers]] launched a surprise attack on a [[Patriot (American Revolution)|Patriot]] encampment, which became known as the [[Battle of Paoli]]. Having intercepted [[George Washington|General Washington]]'s orders to [[Anthony Wayne|General Wayne]] regarding British rearguard actions, Grey directed his troops to assault the small regiment of Americans commanded by Anthony Wayne in an area near his residence. Not wanting to lose the element of surprise, Grey ordered his troops to remove the flint from their muskets and to use only bayonets or swords to launch a surprise sneak attack on the Americans under the cover of darkness.<ref name="McGuire, Thomas J. 2000">McGuire, Thomas J. ''Battle of Paoli''. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2000, {{ISBN|0-8117-0198-0}}. pp.59</ref><ref name="Boatner, Mark Mayo 1966">Boatner, Mark Mayo, ''Cassell's Biographical Dictionary of the American War of Independence 1763–1783'', Cassell, London, 1966, {{ISBN|0-304-29296-6}}. pp.123</ref> With the help of a [[Loyalist (American Revolution)|Loyalist]] [[Espionage|spy]] who provided a secret password, "here we are and there they go" and led them to the camp, General "No-flint" Grey and the British overran several American pickets and launched their successful attack on the [[Continental Army]] camp. 201 American soldiers were killed or injured, while 71 were captured. The British suffered only 4 killed and 7 injured in comparison. Wayne's reputation was tarnished by the high casualties suffered in the battle, and he demanded a formal [[court-martial]] to clear his name. On November 1, a board of 13 officers declared that Wayne had acted with honor.<ref name="McGuire, Thomas J. 2000" /><ref name="Boatner, Mark Mayo 1966" /> The site of the battle is part of Malvern. A monument to the [[Battle of Paoli|Paoli Massacre]], the preserved battlefield, and a parade grounds are located in Malvern. Other sites of interest in neighboring townships include the [[Wharton Esherick Studio]], listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] in 1973 and designated a [[National Historic Landmark]] in 1993.<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2010a}}</ref> The church, trains, and a few businesses were the nucleus of this village, which was known for a long period as West Chester Intersection due to its position at the junction of the [[Philadelphia and Columbia Railroad]] and the [[West Chester Railroad (1831–1903)|West Chester Railroad]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Moore|first1=Paul|title=The West Chester Railroad Company|journal=The High Line|date=Spring 2002|volume=18|issue=1|pages=6|publisher=Philadelphia Chapter, Pennsylvania Railroad Technical & Historical Society}}</ref> In 1873, the community’s name was changed to Malvern when the Philadelphia and Columbia's successor, the Pennsylvania Railroad, straightened its tracks through the village. In 1879, the Malvern Friends Meeting was built at the northwest corner of Woodland Avenue and Roberts Lane, followed by the arrival of the Presbyterians and the Methodists prior to 1900.<ref name="Schmitt">A Century in Malvern, Malvern Historical Commission, 1989</ref> In 1880, the village's status as a railroad junction came to an end when the West Chester Railroad's northern terminal was moved west to [[Frazer, Pennsylvania]].<ref>Moore, p. 23.</ref> Malvern Borough has a mix of residential styles and neighborhoods, retail and industrial businesses, dedicated open land, and numerous civic, cultural, and religious organizations.<ref name="Schmitt"/> On August 13, 1889, Malvern was incorporated, and created by separating it from the northern portion of [[Willistown Township, Pennsylvania|Willistown Township]]. On April 22, 2008, the borough converted to a home rule form of government.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.malvern.org/htms/hrc2.html | title=Malvern Borough Home Rule Charter | access-date=2010-10-10 | archive-url=https://archive.today/20120804133427/http://www.malvern.org/htms/hrc2.html | archive-date=2012-08-04 | url-status=dead }}</ref>
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