Editing Malad City, Idaho (section)

==History==
[[File:Malad, Oneida County, Idaho - NARA - 516760.jpg|thumb|right|Malad, 1872. Photo by [[William Henry Jackson]].]]
Established in 1864, Malad is one of the oldest communities in the state of Idaho. The community received its name from [[Donald Mackenzie (explorer)|Donald Mackenzie]], a [[Scottish-Canadian]] trapper, who passed through the valley between 1818 and 1821 with a party of trappers. Some of his men became sick while camped here and, believing that the illness was caused by drinking water from the valley's principal stream, he named it "Malade" meaning sick or bad in the French language. Actually, the water had nothing to do with the men's illness, as it was later learned by the second party led by [[Jim Bridger]] between 1832 and 1835. The men had most likely eaten some [[beaver]] that fed on the poisonous roots of [[water hemlock]] trees that put a naturally occurring [[cicutoxin]] into the animals' flesh. The beaver would have likely been immune to the poison because of long-term adaptation, but the trappers suffered from their feast. Native tribes avoided this outcome by altering food preparation methods to include boiling, which apparently deactivated the poison.<ref name="Profile for Malad City, Idaho, ID"/><ref>McDevitt, T. (2001). Idaho's Malad Valley: A History. Little Red Hen, Inc. {{ISBN|093304609X}})</ref>

Malad began largely as a [[Welsh people|Welsh]] [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints|LDS]] settlement, whose settlers brought their Welsh traditions with them. In addition to the LDS majority, some of the leading families in the community belonged to the [[Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints]]. These two denominations each built a place of worship in the town. Some of the minutes from early town meetings were taken down in both English and [[Welsh language|Welsh]]. The city is very proud of its Welsh heritage. Malad lays claim to having more people of Welsh descent per capita than anywhere outside Wales.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wales/south_west/4699459.stm|title=BBC NEWS – UK – Wales – South West Wales – Tiny US town's big Welsh heritage|work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Malad celebrated its Welsh heritage by holding an annual “[[eisteddfod]]”, patterned after the music and poetry contests held in Wales for over 900 years. The [[eisteddfod]] was an all-day event with people coming from all over southeastern Idaho. The event featured music, songs and storytelling of Wales. The custom continued until 1916 and the American entry into [[World War I]]. With the goal of renewing the old eisteddfod tradition in Malad, in 2004, the annual Malad Valley Welsh Festival was established.<ref name=welshfestival>{{cite web|url=http://www.welshfestival.com/|title=Malad Valley Welsh Festival}}</ref>

In the summer of 1843 [[John C. Fremont]] and his party of 39 men passed the spot where Malad City now stands.

LDS [[prophet]] [[Brigham Young]] came through the Malad Valley in 1855. In 1856, at his request, Utahn members of [[the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] migrated to the region. This party of 15 families led by Ezra Barnard traveled to the Malad Valley and established a community by the name of Fort Stuart. The following year in 1857, Fort Stuart was renamed Malad City. A U.S. post office was established in 1865.

By 1886 Malad City was the fastest growing village in eastern Idaho. The city was an important commercial center between Salt Lake and [[Butte, Montana]]. In 1906, the [[railroad]] reached Malad City, allowing travel to [[Salt Lake City]] in only a four-hour ride by rail. The population of the city would double over the next 15 years as a result.

On June 19, 1910, Malad experienced a flood when the earthen Deep Creek Dam, northeast of the city, broke.

On March 27, 1975, a magnitude 6.1 [[earthquake]] shook the Pocatello Valley near the Idaho-Utah border. The [[epicenter]] was only {{convert|15|mi|km}} southwest of Malad City which was hit hardest by the quake. Nearly two-thirds of its homes and businesses had some sort of damage.

A corporate jet carrying eight people including four [[Coca-Cola]] executives crashed on January 15, 1996, killing all on board.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/US/Newsbriefs/9601/01-15/|title=CNN – News Briefs – Jan. 15, 1996|work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> The large twin-engine turbo-prop was flying from Salt Lake City, Utah to [[Pocatello, Idaho]] for a Coca-Cola sales meeting. The [[Mitsubishi MU-2]] aircraft crashed and burned at the base of a canyon {{convert|8|mi|km}} northwest of Malad. According to the [[National Transportation Safety Board]] in its published report, the cause of the accident was listed as ice on the wings.<ref>https://www.ntsb.gov/ntsb/brief.asp?ev_id=20001208X05205&key=1</ref>

Towards the end of 2003, a nationwide [[influenza]] outbreak occurred. Malad was, appropriately, likely the hardest hit community in the nation. So many people became ill during the first part of December, 2003 that the city was virtually shut down. The entire school district in Malad was closed for three days in an effort to keep students from spreading the ailment. Roughly a third of the students became ill. Church services and Christmas festivities were also cancelled.{{Citation needed|date=April 2009}}

Malad City once had the oldest department store in the state of Idaho. Evans [[Co-op]] opened in 1865 as part of a Latter-day Saint movement in which local production and purchasing was encouraged through cooperatives. Though Evans is no more, the historic building remains.  The city has undertaken efforts to renovate the building after the hardware store went out of business.  Renovation is still underway. Malad City also has the longest running weekly newspaper in Idaho, called '''''The Idaho Enterprise''''' which published its first issue on June 6, 1879.<ref>''Idaho Enterprise'' front page banner</ref>

Because of its proximity to Utah, which has no state lottery, Malad has become a major retail site for the Idaho Lottery.
The Top Stop Gasoline and Convenience store in Malad is responsible for 3 percent of Idaho's lottery sales, and the town as a whole accounts for over 19 percent of state sales. Only [[Boise]], the state's largest city, has higher lotto sales. Over the 22-year history of the Idaho Lottery, it is estimated that Utahns have provided $54.1 million in lottery profits, which Idaho then uses for its own capital works and school funding.<ref>{{cite news | last = Davidson | first = Lee | title = Utahns Buy 19% of Idaho's Lottery Tickets | newspaper = Salt Lake Tribune | date = April 6, 2012 | url = http://www.sltrib.com/sltrib/news/53862915-78/lottery-idaho-utah-percent.html.csp}}</ref>