Editing Lindsborg, Kansas (section)

==History==
[[File:Rosberg House 2017.jpg|left|thumb|Rosberg House [[bed and breakfast|Bed & Breakfast]] in Lindsborg (2016)]]
For many millennia, the [[Great Plains]] of [[North America]] were inhabited by nomadic [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]]. From the 16th to the 18th century, the [[Kingdom of France]] claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the [[French and Indian War]], France secretly ceded [[New France]] to [[Spain]], per the [[Treaty of Fontainebleau (1762)|Treaty of Fontainebleau]]. In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In 1803, the land for [[History of Kansas|modern day Kansas]] was acquired by the United States from France for 2.83 cents per acre as part of the 828,000&nbsp;square-mile [[Louisiana Purchase]].

In 1854, the [[Kansas Territory]] was organized and in 1861 [[Kansas]] became the 34th [[U.S. state]]. [[McPherson County, Kansas|McPherson County]], which included the land for the future Lindsborg, was established in 1867. Lindsborg was settled in the spring of 1869 by a group of [[Swedish emigration to the United States|immigrants]] from the [[Värmland]] province of [[Sweden]] led by Pastor [[Olof Olsson]]. In 1879, the same year Lindsborg incorporated as a city, the first railroad came through.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_Qi9cXyTWt9EC | title=Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History, Volume 2 | publisher=Standard Publishing Company | author=Blackmar, Frank Wilson | year=1912 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_Qi9cXyTWt9EC/page/n155 165]}}</ref>

Lindsborg translates as ''[[Tilia|Linden]] Castle'' from Swedish to English,<ref>''Engelsk-svenska ordboken'' {{ISBN|91-24-34422-2}} pp 211 & 44</ref> referring to a tree name known in Europe for a species of ''tilia'' (Swedish: ''lind''). The community is named for four men whose surnames included "Lind", N. P. Linde, S. P. Lindgren, S. A. Lindell, and J. O. Lindh, who had held prominent positions in a [[Chicago]] organization of Swedish farmers (''Svenska Lantbrukskompaniet'' or First Swedish Agricultural Company) which was involved in the settling of Lindsborg until 1877.<ref>[[Prince Wilhelm, Duke of Södermanland|Prins Wilhelm]] in ''Amerika från estraden'', [[Norstedts]], Stockholm, 1928, pp 183 & 195.</ref><ref>{{cite book | author-last=Lindquist | author-first=Emory | title=Vision for a Valley: Olof Olsson and the Early History of Lindsborg | publisher=Augustana Historical Society | date=1970 | page=viii}}</ref>

Thirty percent of the current residents are of Swedish descent. Because the town has retained so much of the heritage of its founders, it has become known as "Little Sweden".<ref>[http://www.thelocal.se/22608/20091012/ ''Little Sweden on the Prairie'' (The Local Europe AB)]</ref> The downtown features gift shops that specialize in Swedish souvenirs, including various sizes of [[Dalecarlian horse|Dala horses]]. Lindsborg has long been noted for the [[Svensk Hyllningsfest]], a biennial celebration held in October of odd-numbered years since 1941, and other efforts to honor its heritage.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.svenskhyllningsfest.org/history.htm |title=''The Origins of the Festival'' (Svensk Hyllningsfest) |access-date=March 26, 2009 |archive-date=April 18, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090418052003/http://www.svenskhyllningsfest.org/history.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Lindsborg is the home of the [[Swedish Pavilion]], which was originally constructed as an international exposition building for the [[1904 St. Louis World's Fair]]. After the fair, it was purchased by W. W. Thomas, U.S. Minister to Sweden and Norway, and presented to Lindsborg's [[Bethany College (Kansas)|Bethany College]] as a memorial to his friend [[Carl Aaron Swensson|Dr. Rev. Carl Aaron Swensson]], the school's recently deceased founder. At Bethany, it was used by the art department as a classroom, library, and museum. It was moved to the [[Smoky Valley Roller Mill|Lindsborg Old Mill & Swedish Heritage Museum]], also in Lindsborg, in 1969.<ref>[http://skyways.lib.ks.us/genweb/archives/1918ks/bios/swenssca.html Carl Aaron Swensson] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120626050613/http://skyways.lib.ks.us/genweb/archives/1918ks/bios/swenssca.html |date=2012-06-26 }}</ref>

The [[Birger Sandzén Memorial Gallery]] is located in Lindsborg. Dedicated on October 20, 1957, on the Bethany College campus, it showcases the works of the artist [[Birger Sandzén]] who lived in the city. The gallery houses the largest and most extensive collection of his paintings, prints, and drawings found anywhere in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sandzen.org/gallery.htm |title=''Its History'' (Birger Sandzén Memorial Gallery) |access-date=2010-09-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514000701/http://www.sandzen.org/gallery.htm |archive-date=2011-05-14 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Swedish King [[Carl XVI Gustaf]] visited Lindsborg in April 1976 during his [[King Carl XVI Gustaf's 1976 visit to the United States|royal tour]] of the United States.<ref>{{cite news |date=April 18, 1976 |title=Cold-ridden king gets warm welcome |page=1 |work=The Salina Journal |location=Salina, Kansas |url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/43975682/ |via=Newspapers.com |access-date=October 7, 2017}}</ref>

In 2004, Lindsborg was named [[Chess]] City of the Year by the [[United States Chess Federation]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Anatoly Karpov International School of Chess|url=http://www.anatolykarpovchessschool.org/history.html|access-date=2021-09-19|website=www.anatolykarpovchessschool.org}}</ref>