Editing Lewisburg, West Virginia (section)

==History==
[[Image:CivilWarCemetery LewisburgWV.jpg|thumb|left|Civil War cemetery, Lewisburg]]
Lewisburg is named after [[Andrew Lewis (American general)|Andrew Lewis]]. In 1751 Lewis, as a young surveyor, established a camp near the spring behind the present courthouse. This spring has been known as the Lewis Spring since that time. During [[Pontiac's Rebellion]] in 1763, [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] completely destroyed two of the early [[Europe]]an [[Human settlement|settlement]]s in [[Greenbrier County, West Virginia|Greenbrier County]], killing the men and carrying off the women and children. This raid virtually eliminated all of the earliest [[settler]]s in the county. The Native Americans were primarily [[Shawnee]]s, and (according to undocumented tradition) were led by the famous leader ''[[Hokoleskwa]]'', or Cornstalk.

By 1770 a fortified encampment called Fort Savannah was established at the Lewis Spring. In 1774, [[John Murray, 4th Earl of Dunmore|Governor Dunmore]] of [[Virginia]] instructed then-[[Colonel Andrew Lewis]] to gather "willing and able men" to go to the great [[Kanawha River]] and stand against the Native American forces that were attacking the Greenbrier Valley. In what became known as [[Lord Dunmore's War]], over 1,490 men were assembled, some at [[Fort Pitt (Pennsylvania)|Fort Pitt]] at present-day [[Pittsburgh]], and others at Fort Union, on the site of present-day Lewisburg.  These recruits included Lewis's brother Charles, and others which history books refer to as one of the most remarkable assemblages of [[frontier]] leaders in American history. Thirteen were men of political and military distinction. Lewis's army marched down the [[New River (Kanawha River)|New]] and [[Kanawha River]]s to the [[Ohio River]], where they intended to cross over and invade the [[Ohio Country]], which was the home of the [[Shawnee]]s.  The Native Americans, led by Cornstalk, attempted to cut them off at the mouth of the Kanawha, where they fought an inconclusive battle that came to be known as the [[Battle of Point Pleasant]].<ref>({{cite book |author=Allan W. Eckert |title=The frontiersmen: a narrative |publisher=Jesse Stuart Foundation |location=Ashland, Ky |year=2001 |isbn=0-945084-90-0 }}Pages 78, 98–99)</ref>
[[File:Old Stone Presbyterian Church, Lewisburg WV.jpg|thumb|Old Stone Presbyterian Church]]
[[File:Lewisburg Map 1825.jpg|alt=Map of Lewisburg in 1825 showing residents|thumb|Map of Lewisburg in 1825]]
When the town of Lewisburg was formally laid out in 1780, [[Matthew Arbuckle, Sr.]] was the first settler. Among Lewisburg's first trustees was Col. [[John Stuart (Virginia)|John Stuart]] (1749-1823), a Revolutionary War commander who surveyed and settled the area and is known locally as the “Father of Greenbrier County”. The land on which the first county courthouse, and the Old Stone Church in Lewisburg, are situated was donated by Stuart. Lewisburg was formally established in 1782 by an act of the [[Virginia General Assembly]]. The original trustees were Samuel Lewis, James Reid, Samuel Brown, Andrew Donnelly, [[John Stuart (Virginia settler)|John Stuart]], and [[Archer Mathews]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Henry Howe |title=Historical Collections of Virginia: Containing a Collection of the Most Interesting Facts, Traditions, Biographical Sketches, and Anecdotes|publisher=Heritage Books |location=Ashland, Ky |date=January 1, 1846 |isbn=9780788408113 }}Page 284</ref>
To accommodate Virginians west of the mountains, several [[Virginia]] courts sat in Lewisburg, where [[Patrick Henry]] once successfully defended a client accused of murder. The town and the surrounding farms prospered and a number of [[spa]]s and [[resort]] hotels were established at some of the outlying [[Spring (hydrosphere)|mineral spring]]s.

During the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] a number of engagements were fought in and around Lewisburg, including the 1862 [[Battle of Lewisburg]]. Several of the present buildings in town were used as hospitals and barracks by both sides in this conflict, and bullet marks can still be seen in some today. The [[Supreme Court Library Building|Virginia Supreme Court library]], which was located in Lewisburg and served as the Greenbrier County Library until 2008, was used as a hospital and has preserved a section of wall with soldiers' graffiti.

In the mid 20th century, the Lewisburg area was home to several children's [[summer camp]]s. Camp Ann Bailey, (named after Revolutionary War scout [[Anne Bailey]]) was located on the [[Greenbrier River]]. This [[Girl Scouts of the USA|Girl Scout]] camp was [[Desegregation in the United States|integrated]] in the 1950s thanks to the efforts of [[Charleston, West Virginia|Charleston]] civil rights activist [[Elizabeth Harden Gilmore]].<ref name="nrhp">{{cite web|url=http://www.wvculture.org/shpo/nr/pdf/kanawha/88001462.pdf|title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form|access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref><ref name="nps">{{cite web|url=http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/civilrights/wv1.htm|title=Elizabeth Harden Gilmore House|publisher=National Park Service|access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.democraticunderground.com/1187426|title=Mrs. Gilmore's Defining Black History|date=Feb 12, 2012|website=Democratic Underground.com}}</ref> The camp operated between 1927 and 1974, when it was closed to permit construction of [[Interstate 64 in West Virginia|Interstate 64]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.vintagegirlscout.com/campWV.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120318235743/http://www.vintagegirlscout.com/campWV.html|url-status=usurped|archive-date=March 18, 2012|title=Girl Scout Camps in West Virginia|website=www.vintagegirlscout.com|access-date=2018-03-24}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://johnbrashear.tripod.com/shaw-mi.html|title=History of Camp Shaw-Mi-Del-Eca, Lewisburg/White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia U.S.A.|last=Walsh|first=Glenn A.|website=johnbrashear.tripod.com|access-date=2018-03-24}}</ref>  A boys' camp, Camp Shaw-Mi-Del-Eca, founded in 1929, was also located on the river. The two camps held joint activities, such as dances, with another nearby girls' camp, Camp Alleghany.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://campalleghanyforgirls.com/camp-tour/|title=Camp Tour|date=2016-02-25|website=Camp Alleghany|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160225030350/http://campalleghanyforgirls.com/camp-tour/|archive-date=2016-02-25|url-status=dead|access-date=2018-03-24}}</ref>

In 1978, a {{convert|236|acre|km2|adj=on}} area in the heart of Lewisburg was designated a [[National Register of Historic Places|National Register]] Historic District.

Today, Lewisburg is home to the [[West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine]], one of 29 [[Osteopathic medicine in the United States|osteopathic medical schools in the United States]] and one of three medical schools in West Virginia.