Editing Ladislaus IV of Hungary (section)

==Childhood (1262–1272)==
Ladislaus was the elder son of [[Stephen V of Hungary|Stephen V]], son of [[Béla IV of Hungary]], and Stephen's wife [[Elizabeth the Cuman]].{{sfn|Kristó|1994|p=396}}{{sfn|Kristó|Makk|1996|p=274, Appendix 5}} Elizabeth was the daughter of a chieftain of the [[Cumans]] who had settled in Hungary.{{sfn|Kristó|Makk|1996|p=268}} She was born as a pagan and was baptized before her marriage to Stephen.{{sfn|Berend|2001|p=261}} Ladislaus was born under the sign of [[Mars (mythology)|Mars]] in 1262, according to [[Simon of Kéza]], who was his chaplain in the 1270s.{{sfn|Kristó|Makk|1996|p=274}}{{sfn|Berend|2001|p=179}}

Conflicts between Ladislaus's father and grandfather developed into a [[Hungarian Civil War (1264–1265)|civil war]] in 1264.{{sfn|Kristó|Makk|1996|p=274}}{{sfn|Fine|1994|p=178}} Béla IV's troops, which were under the command of Ladislaus's aunt, [[Anna of Hungary, Duchess of Macsó|Anna]], captured the castle of [[Sárospatak]], where Ladislaus and his mother were staying, and imprisoned them.{{sfn|Kristó|Makk|1996|p=274}}{{sfn|Zsoldos|2007|p=141}} Ladislaus initially was kept in the Turóc Castle by [[Andrew I Hont-Pázmány|Andrew Hont-Pázmány]], but two months later, he was sent to the court of [[Bolesław V the Chaste|Boleslaw the Chaste]], [[Duke of Cracow]], who was Béla IV's son-in-law.{{sfn|Zsoldos|2007|pp=79–80, 82, 141}} After his grandfather and father made peace in March 1265, Ladislaus was set free and returned to his father.{{sfn|Érszegi|Solymosi|1981|p=160}}

Ladislaus's father made an alliance with King [[Charles I of Sicily]] in September 1269.{{sfn|Érszegi|Solymosi|1981|p=163}}{{sfn|Engel|2001|p=107}} According to the treaty, Charles I's daughter, [[Elisabeth of Sicily (1261–1300)|Elizabeth]], who was about four years old at that time, was engaged to the seven-year-old Ladislaus.{{sfn|Kristó|Makk|1996|p=274}}{{sfn|Engel|2001|p=107}} The children's marriage took place in 1270.{{sfn|Kristó|Makk|1996|p=274}}{{sfn|Engel|2001|p=107}}

Béla IV died on 3 May 1270, and Ladislaus's father was crowned king two weeks later;{{sfn|Engel|2001|p=107}}{{sfn|Bartl|Čičaj|Kohútova|Letz|2002|p=33}} the new monarch, however, could not stabilize his rule.{{sfn|Kontler|1999|p=99}} Béla IV's closest advisors – Duchess Anna, and Béla IV's former [[Palatine of Hungary|palatine]], [[Henry I Kőszegi|Henry Kőszegi]] – left Hungary and sought assistance from Anna's son-in-law, King [[Ottokar II of Bohemia]].{{sfn|Engel|2001|p=107}}{{sfn|Érszegi|Solymosi|1981|p=164}} The newly appointed [[ban of Slavonia]], [[Joachim Gutkeled]], also turned against Stephen V and kidnapped Ladislaus in the summer of 1272.{{sfn|Érszegi|Solymosi|1981|pp=164, 166}} Gutkeled held Ladislaus in captivity in the fortress of [[Koprivnica]] in [[Slavonia]].{{sfn|Engel|2001|p=107}} Historian Pál Engel suggests that Joachim Gutkeled planned to force Stephen V to divide Hungary with Ladislaus.{{sfn|Engel|2001|p=107}} Stephen V besieged Koprivnica, but could not take it.{{sfn|Engel|2001|p=107}} Stephen fell seriously ill and died on 6 August.{{sfn|Bartl|Čičaj|Kohútova|Letz|2002|p=33}}{{sfn|Engel|2001|p=107}}