Editing LGBTQ (term) (section)

== History ==
{{Further|Terminology of homosexuality}}
[[File:Homosexual.jpg|thumb|right|First use of the words Monosexual, Homosexual, and Heterosexual in a letter written on 6 May 1868]]

The first widely used term, ''[[homosexual]]'', now a term used primarily in scientific contexts, has at times carried negative connotations in the United States.<ref name=glaad>[https://www.glaad.org/reference/style Media Reference Guide] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227131845/https://www.glaad.org/reference/style |date=27 December 2019}} (citing AP, [[The Washington Post|Washington Post]] style guides), [[GLAAD]]. Retrieved 23 December 2019.</ref> ''[[Gay]]'' became a popular term in the 1970s.<ref name="The Social Studies C">{{cite book |last=Ross |first=E. Wayne |title=The Social Studies Curriculum: Purposes, Problems, and Possibilities |publisher=SUNY Press |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-7914-6909-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4qFMqjxte9IC |access-date=2 July 2015 |archive-date=19 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619085357/https://books.google.com/books?id=4qFMqjxte9IC |url-status=live}}</ref>

As lesbians forged more public identities, the phrase ''gay and lesbian'' became more common.<ref name="Gay Pride Nee"/> A dispute as to whether the primary focus of their political aims should be [[feminism]] or [[gay rights]] led to the dissolution of some lesbian organizations, including [[Daughters of Bilitis]], which was founded by [[Del Martin and Phyllis Lyon]],<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wqt4krhmQrwC&dq=daughters+of+bilitis+founder&pg=PA394 |title=Rebels, Rubyfruit, and Rhinestones: Queering Space in the Stonewall South - James Thomas Sears - Google Books |isbn=9780813529646 |access-date=2 May 2022 |last1=Sears |first1=James Thomas |year=2001 |publisher=Rutgers University Press |archive-date=14 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220514161912/https://books.google.com/books?id=wqt4krhmQrwC&dq=daughters+of+bilitis+founder&pg=PA394 |url-status=live}}</ref> but disbanded in 1970 following disputes over which goal should take precedence.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Esterberg | first1 = Kristen | year = 1994 | title = From Accommodation to Liberation: A Social Movement Analysis of Lesbians in the Homophile Movement | journal = Gender and Society | volume = 8 | issue = 3| pages = 424–443 |doi=10.1177/089124394008003008 | s2cid = 144795512}}</ref> As equality was a priority for [[lesbian feminism|lesbian feminists]], disparity of roles between men and women or [[butch and femme]] were viewed as [[patriarchy|patriarchal]]. Lesbian feminists eschewed [[gender role]] play that had been pervasive in bars as well as the perceived [[chauvinism]] of [[gay men]]; many lesbian feminists refused to work with gay men or take up their causes.<ref>Faderman, Lillian (1991). ''Odd Girls and Twilight Lovers: A History of Lesbian Life in Twentieth Century America'', Penguin Books. {{ISBN|0-14-017122-3}}, p. 210–211.</ref>

Lesbians who held the [[essentialism|essentialist]] view that they had been born homosexual and used the descriptor ''lesbian'' to define sexual attraction often considered the [[Feminist separatism|separatist]] opinions of lesbian-feminists to be detrimental to the cause of gay rights.<ref>Faderman (1991), p. 217–218.</ref> Bisexual and transgender people also sought recognition as legitimate categories within the larger minority community.<ref name="Gay Pride Nee">{{cite news | last=Swain | first=Keith W. | title=Gay Pride Needs New Direction | newspaper=[[Denver Post]] | date=21 June 2007 | url=http://www.denverpost.com/ci_6198394?source=rss | access-date=5 July 2008 | archive-date=21 April 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421235751/http://www.denverpost.com/ci_6198394?source=rss | url-status=live}}</ref>

In the late 1970s and the early 1980s, after the elation of change following group action in the 1969 [[Stonewall riots]] in [[New York City]], some gays and lesbians became less accepting of [[bisexual]] or [[transgender]] people.<ref name="Transgender Subjectivities">{{cite book |last1=Leli |first1=Ubaldo |first2=Jack |last2=Drescher |title=Transgender Subjectivities: A Clinician's Guide |publisher=Haworth Press |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-7890-2576-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QiJryCzrZmYC |access-date=2 July 2015 |archive-date=6 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906145439/https://books.google.com/books?id=QiJryCzrZmYC |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Bisexuality and Transgend">{{cite book |last1=Alexander |first1=Jonathan |first2=Karen |last2=Yescavage |title=Bisexuality and Transgenderism: InterSEXions of The Others |publisher=Haworth Press |year=2003 |isbn=978-1-56023-287-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2SOe4igsrbgC |access-date=2 July 2015 |archive-date=6 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906150516/https://books.google.com/books?id=2SOe4igsrbgC |url-status=live}}</ref> Critics{{like whom?|date=September 2018}} said that transgender people were acting out [[stereotypes]], and bisexuals were simply gay men or lesbian women who were afraid to [[coming out|come out]] and be honest about their identity.<ref name="Transgender Subjectivities"/> Each community has struggled to develop its own identity including whether, and how, to align with other [[gender]] and sexuality-based communities, at times excluding other subgroups; these conflicts continue to this day.<ref name="Bisexuality and Transgend"/> LGBTQ activists and artists have created posters to raise consciousness about the issue since the movement began.<ref name="Exhibition Guide">{{cite web|url=http://www.politicalgraphics.org/out-of-the-closet|website=[[Center for the Study of Political Graphics]]|access-date=1 October 2016|title=Out of the Closet and Into the Streets|archive-date=2 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002103737/http://www.politicalgraphics.org/out-of-the-closet|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:Palco BolognaPride08.jpg|thumb|left|upright=1.1|LGBT publications, [[pride parade]]s, and related events, such as this stage at [[Bologna]] Pride 2008 in Italy, increasingly drop the ''LGBT'' initialism instead of regularly adding new letters and dealing with issues of placement of those letters within the new title<ref>Cahill, Sean, and Bryan Kim-Butler. "Policy priorities for the LGBT community: Pride Survey 2006." New York, NY: National Gay and Lesbian Task Force (2006).</ref>]]
From about 1988, activists began to use the initialism ''LGBT'' in the United States.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=PiglAQAAIAAJ Research, policy and practice: Annual meeting] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619085339/https://books.google.com/books?id=PiglAQAAIAAJ |date=19 June 2019}}, American Educational Research Association Verlag AERA, 1988.</ref> Not until the 1990s within the movement did gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender people gain equal respect.<ref name="Bisexuality and Transgend"/> This spurred some organizations to adopt new names, as the [[GLBT Historical Society]] did in 1999.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.glbthistory.org/timeline |title=Our History |last=Koskovich |first=Gerard |website=The GLBT Historical Society |access-date=7 January 2022 |archive-date=7 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107212644/https://www.glbthistory.org/timeline |url-status=live}}</ref> Although the LGBT community has seen much controversy regarding universal acceptance of different member groups (bisexual and transgender individuals, in particular, have sometimes been [[Social exclusion|marginalized]] by the larger LGBT community), the term ''LGBT'' has been a positive symbol of [[Social inclusion|inclusion]].<ref name="The Handbook of Lesb">{{cite book |last=Shankle |first=Michael D. |title=The Handbook of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Public Health: A Practitioner's Guide To Service |publisher=Haworth Press |year=2006 |isbn=978-1-56023-496-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pUUyLSKD5voC |access-date=2 July 2015 |archive-date=6 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906170653/https://books.google.com/books?id=pUUyLSKD5voC |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Bisexuality and Transgend"/>

Beginning in the 1990s, the term ''[[queer]]'' was beginning to be adopted by the community to support gay-pride and [[Reappropriation|reclaim]] the term from its earlier pejorative use as scholars have shown. The field of study of the LGBTQ community is called [[queer studies]], in recognition of this reclamation and used as an umbrella term for the wider community as the academic response to the Stonewall riots. The initialism LGBT eventually evolved to LGBTQ in recognition of the community's reclamation of the term.<ref name=":3">{{cite web|url=https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/from-lgbt-to-lgbtqia-the-evolving-recognition-of-identity/|title=From LGBT to LGBTQIA+: The Evolving Recognition of Identity|date=19 October 2021|access-date=6 September 2024|website=[[National Geographic]]}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=https://www.cjr.org/language_corner/queer.php|title=How the word 'queer' was adopted by the LGBTQ community|date=22 January 2019|access-date=6 September 2024|website=[[CJR]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100358567|title=Queer Studies - Oxford Reference|access-date=6 September 2024|website=[[Oxford Reference]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rd.com/article/what-does-lgbtq-stand-for/|title=What Does LGBTQ Stand For?|date=17 July 2024|access-date=6 September 2024|website=[[Reader's Digest]]}}</ref>

In 2016, [[GLAAD]]'s Media Reference Guide states that ''LGBTQ'' is the preferred initialism, being more inclusive of younger members of the communities who [[Reappropriation|embrace]] ''[[queer]]'' as a self-descriptor.<ref name=":2">{{cite web|last1=Ring|first1=Trudy|title=Expanding the Acronym: GLAAD Adds the Q to LGBT|url=http://www.advocate.com/media/2016/10/26/expanding-acronym-glaad-adds-q-lgbt|publisher=Advocate|access-date=30 October 2016|date=26 October 2016|archive-date=14 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220514161913/https://www.advocate.com/media/2016/10/26/expanding-acronym-glaad-adds-q-lgbt|url-status=live}}</ref> Some people consider ''queer'' to be a derogatory term originating in [[hate speech]] and reject it, especially among older members of the community.<ref name="Nadal-2017">{{cite book |last=Nadal |first=Kevin |title=The SAGE Encyclopedia of Psychology and Gender |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lVYoDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1384 |access-date=3 January 2019 |date=15 April 2017 |publisher=SAGE Publications |location=Thousand Oaks, California |isbn=978-1-4833-8427-6 |page=1384 |oclc=994139871 |archive-date=19 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619085340/https://books.google.com/books?id=lVYoDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1384 |url-status=live}}</ref>