Editing Krakatoa (section)

== Historical significance ==
{{Further|1883 eruption of Krakatoa}}

The most notable eruptions of Krakatoa culminated in a series of massive explosions over 26–27 August 1883, which were among the most violent volcanic events in recorded history.

With an estimated [[Volcanic explosivity index]] (VEI) of 6,<ref>{{cite book| last=Breining| first=Greg| title=Super Volcano: The Ticking Time Bomb Beneath Yellowstone National Park| publisher=Voyageur Press| year=2007| page=[https://archive.org/details/supervolcanotick0000brei/page/256 256]| chapter=The Deadliest Volcanoes| isbn=978-0-7603-2925-2| chapter-url-access=registration| chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/supervolcanotick0000brei/page/256}}</ref> the eruption was equivalent to {{convert|200|MtonTNT}}—about 13,000 times the [[nuclear yield]] of the [[Little Boy]] bomb (13 to 16 kt) that [[atomic bombing of Hiroshima|devastated Hiroshima]], Japan, during [[World War II]], and four times the yield of [[Tsar Bomba]], the most powerful [[nuclear device]] ever detonated at 50 Mt.

The 1883 eruption ejected approximately {{convert|6|mi3|abbr=in|order=flip}} of rock.<ref name="scholastic">{{cite journal| url=http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/wwatch/volcanoes/witnesses.htm| title=The Volcano That Shook the World: Krakatoa 1883| last=Hopkinson| first=Deborah| publisher=[[Storyworks]]| location=New York| date=January 2004| volume=11| issue=4| page=8| access-date=1 March 2008| archive-date=4 May 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180504210901/http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/wwatch/volcaNoes/witnesses.htm| url-status=live}}</ref> The cataclysmic explosion was heard {{convert|3600|km|abbr=on}} away in [[Alice Springs]], [[Australia]], and on the island of [[Rodrigues]] near [[Mauritius]], {{convert|4780|km|abbr=on}} to the west.<ref name="The Independent, May 3, 2006">{{cite news | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/how-krakatoa-made-the-biggest-bang-5336165.html | title=How Krakatoa made the biggest bang | date=3 May 2006 | newspaper=The Independent | access-date=22 August 2018 | location=London | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180729203440/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/how-krakatoa-made-the-biggest-bang-5336165.html | archive-date=29 July 2018 }}</ref>

According to the official records of the [[Dutch East Indies]] colony, 165 villages and towns were destroyed near Krakatoa, and 132 were seriously damaged. At least 36,417 people died, and many more thousands were injured, mostly from the [[tsunami]]s that followed the explosion. The eruption destroyed two-thirds of the island of Krakatoa.

Eruptions in the area since 1927 have built a new island at the same location, named ''[[Anak Krakatau]]'' (which is Indonesian for "Child of Krakatoa"). Periodic eruptions have continued since, with recent eruptions in 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012, and a major collapse in 2018. In late 2011, this island had a radius of roughly {{convert|2|km}}, and a highest point of about {{convert|324|m}} above sea level,<ref name="Gunung Bagging">{{cite web | url = http://www.gunungbagging.com/anak-krakatau | title = Anak Krakatau | access-date = 10 November 2011 | archive-date = 26 August 2011 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110826011033/http://www.gunungbagging.com/anak-krakatau/ | url-status = live }}</ref> growing {{convert|5|m|spell=in}} each year.<ref name="smithsonian"/>
In 2017, the height of Anak Krakatau was reported as over {{cvt|400|m||}} above sea level;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://indonesiaexpat.biz/travel/krakatau-resurrection-terry-donohue/ |title=The Resurrection Of Krakatau |last=Donahue |first=Terry |date=2017-12-05 |website=The Indonesia Expat |publisher=Indonesiaexpat.biz |access-date=2018-12-29 |archive-date=30 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181230081223/http://indonesiaexpat.biz/travel/krakatau-resurrection-terry-donohue/ |url-status=live }}</ref> following a collapse in December 2018, the height was reduced to 110 meters (361&nbsp;ft).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-46707731|title=Indonesian volcano's lost stature|last=Amos|first=Jonathan|date=2018-12-29|work=BBC News|access-date=2018-12-29|language=en-GB|archive-date=2 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200202125257/https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-46707731|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Gunung Bagging" />