Editing Kooskia, Idaho (section)

==History==
[[Chief Looking Glass]] lived in a village a short distance above what is now Kooskia with his band of [[Nez Perce people|Nez Perce]]. This regular home was well within the boundaries of the reservation created in 1863, but just before the [[Nez Perce War]] an American General was sent to arrest Chief Looking Glass and all other Nez Perce with him. When trigger-happy militiamen opened fire into the village, many Nez Perce died and their village was destroyed in the scuffle. Because of this incident, Looking Glass joined with the Nez Perce for the [[Nez Perce War]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Derig |first=Betty |title=Roadside History of Idaho |pages=282–283 |location=Missoula |publisher=Mountain Press |isbn=0878423281}}</ref>

The name of the town is likely a contraction of the [[Nez Perce people|Nez Perce]] word "koos-koos-kia," a diminutive which refers to the Clearwater River, the lesser of the two large rivers in the vicinity, the other being the [[Snake River|Snake]].<ref name=kokgrsl>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=0qMSAAAAIBAJ&sjid=5_gDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6600%2C667848|newspaper=Spokane Daily Chronicle|last=Ruark|first=Janice|title=Kooskia on South Fork grows slowly, steadily|date=December 17, 1976|page=3}}</ref> The town was first named Stuart, after James Stuart (1863&ndash;1929), a Nez Perce surveyor and merchant. The railroad arrived in 1899 and named its station "Kooskia," because there already was a railroad station named "Stuart" in the state. The town went by both names for the next decade until it was formally renamed in 1909.<ref name=kosonstu>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=nKkSAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7_gDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5049,1083063|newspaper=Spokane Daily Chronicle|last=Ruark|first=Janice|title=Kooskia once Stuart|date=August 18, 1977|page=3}}</ref><ref name=tnnms>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=34NfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=wzAMAAAAIBAJ&pg=5485,2911946 |newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|title=There is usually a logical reason for the name a town ends up with|date=February 25, 1990 |page=11-Centennial }}</ref>

Kooskia is within the [[Nez Perce people#Nez Perce Indian Reservation|Nez Perce Indian Reservation]]. Similar to the opening of lands in [[Oklahoma]] [[Land Rush of 1889|several years earlier]], the U.S. government opened the reservation for white settlement in November 1895. The proclamation had been signed less than two weeks earlier by [[President of the United States|President]] [[Grover Cleveland|Cleveland]].<ref name=np61>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=lYNfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=uzAMAAAAIBAJ&pg=3160,3901168|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|last=Hamilton|first=Ladd|title=Heads were popping up all over the place|date=June 25, 1961|page=14}}</ref><ref name=unrul77>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qJxfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=nzEMAAAAIBAJ&pg=4374,7048300|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|last=Brammer|first=Rhonda|title=Unruly mobs dashed to grab land when reservation opened|date=July 24, 1977|page=6E}}</ref><ref name=npop31>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=OZ5fAAAAIBAJ&sjid=uzEMAAAAIBAJ&pg=1072,1295368|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|title=3,000 took part in "sneak" when Nez Perce Reservation was opened|date=November 19, 1931|page=3}}</ref><ref name=21np>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=cgpWAAAAIBAJ&sjid=veEDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4420,8604920|newspaper=Spokesman-Review|title=Nez Perce Reservation|date=December 11, 1921|page=5}}</ref><!--During World War II, an internment camp for those of Japanese descent was built outside of the town.-->

===Tramway===
Starting in 1903,<ref name=kostrm03>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=CbFfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=_TIMAAAAIBAJ&pg=4387,100523|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|title=Kooskia Tramway|date=June 3, 1903|page=3}}</ref> Kooskia was the terminus of an [[aerial tramway]] from the elevated [[Camas prairie#Idaho|Camas Prairie]]. It&nbsp;carried up to {{convert|190000|lb|abbr=on}} of grain per day in its thirty buckets and warehouse facilities were present at both ends of the cable line, with a combined capacity of<!-- 100,000 bushels--> {{convert|100000|USbsh|ft3 m3}}.

Following the completion of the [[Camas Prairie Railroad]]'s second subdivision to [[Grangeville, Idaho|Grangeville]] in 1909, the tramway gradually lost patronage and was discontinued in 1939. It climbed west-southwest toward Lowe (later Winona); some older maps listed Kooskia as "Tramway."<ref name=natofK >{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JLpeAAAAIBAJ&sjid=mjAMAAAAIBAJ&pg=3366%2C747207|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|title=Kooskia noted as terminus of tramway|date=October 6, 1955 |page=7-LCSE }}</ref><ref name=kn59ya>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=IrteAAAAIBAJ&sjid=tjAMAAAAIBAJ&pg=2244,3653808|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|title=Kooskia named 59 years ago|date=April 25, 1961|page=2}}</ref> It experienced a significant accident in 1907 due to cable failure, fortunately without fatalities.<ref name=kokgrsl/><ref name=kotrwade>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=0nZfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=gC8MAAAAIBAJ&pg=2925,3202781|title=Kooskia tramway was demolished|date=April 21, 1907|page=6}}</ref>

===Kooskia Internment Camp===
{{Main|Kooskia Internment Camp}}
During the final two years of [[World War II]], the Kooskia Internment Camp was located about {{convert|30|mi|-1|spell=in}} northeast of the town. Originally a remote highway work camp of the [[Civilian Conservation Corps]] in the 1930s, it was later run by the [[Federal Bureau of Prisons]] and then converted in 1943 to house [[Japanese American internment|interned Japanese]] men, most of whom were longtime U.S. residents, but not citizens, branded "enemy aliens." It was so remote in the western [[Bitterroot Mountains]] that fences and guard towers were unnecessary.<ref name=aacc>{{cite web|url=http://www.uiweb.uidaho.edu/aacc/KOOSKIA.HTM|publisher=University of Idaho|title=Asian American Comparative Collection: The Kooskia Internment Camp Project|last=Wegars |first=Priscilla |access-date=July 27, 2013}}</ref><ref name=kicspb >{{cite web|url=http://www.lib.uidaho.edu/digital/Kooskia/about.html |publisher=University of Idaho |title=Kooskia Internment Camp Scrapbook |access-date=July 27, 2013}}</ref> The site, now an archaeological project, is {{convert|6|mi|0|spell=in}} northeast of [[Lowell, Idaho|Lowell]] on [[U.S. Route 12 in Idaho|U.S. 12]], on the north bank of the [[Lochsa River]].<ref name=rulkicp>{{cite news|url=https://news.yahoo.com/researchers-uncover-little-known-internment-camp-170350272.html|publisher=Yahoo! News|agency=Associated Press|last=Geranios|first=Nicholas K.|title=Researchers uncover little-known internment camp |date=July 27, 2013|access-date=July 27, 2013}}</ref><ref name=arnfic >{{cite news|url=http://www.opb.org/news/article/archaeological-dig-resurrects-nearly-forgotten-wwii-internment-camp/|publisher=Oregon Public Broadcasting|last=Banse|first=Tom|title=Archaeologists Resurrect Nearly Forgotten WWII Internment Camp |date=August 5, 2010 |access-date=July 27, 2013}}</ref><!--({{coord|46.21|-115.543}})-->

===Kooskia National Fish Hatchery===
The [[Kooskia National Fish Hatchery]] was established in the 1960s, about {{convert|1.5|mi}} southeast of the city on the east bank of Clear Creek.<ref name=usfw>{{cite web|url=http://www.fws.gov/kooskia/|publisher=U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service|title=Kooskia National Fish Hatchery|access-date=July 27, 2013}}</ref> ({{coord|46.13|-115.947}})