Editing Kipper (section)

==Terminology==
The word is thought to derive from the [[Old English language|Old English]] ''cypera'', or copper, based on the colour of the fish.<ref>{{Cite web |title=kipper {{!}} Etymology, origin and meaning of kipper by etymonline |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/kipper |access-date=2023-08-06 |website=www.etymonline.com |language=en}}</ref> The word has various possible parallels, such as [[Icelandic language|Icelandic]] ''kippa'' which means "to pull, snatch" and the Germanic word ''kippen'' which means "to tilt, to incline". Similarly, the Middle English ''kipe'' denotes a basket used to catch fish. Another theory traces the word kipper to the ''kip'', or small beak, that male [[salmon]] develop during the breeding season.{{Cn|date=December 2024}}

As a verb, ''kippering'' ("to kipper") means to preserve by rubbing with salt or other spices before drying in the open air or in smoke. 
Originally applied to the preservation of surplus fish (particularly those known as "kips," harvested during spawning runs), ''kippering'' has come to mean the preservation of any fish, poultry, beef or other meat in like manner. The process is usually enhanced by cleaning, filleting, [[butterflying]] or slicing the food to expose maximum surface area to the drying and preservative agents.{{Cn|date=December 2024}}

===Kippers, bloaters, and bucklings===
All three are types of smoked herring. Kippers are split, gutted and then cold-smoked; [[Bloater (herring)|bloaters]] are cold-smoked whole; [[Buckling (fish)|bucklings]] are hot-smoked whole.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rigby |first=Graeme |date=2019-02-07 |title=BUCKLING |url=https://www.herripedia.com/buckling/ |access-date=2025-03-05 |website=Rigby’s Encyclopaedia of the Herring |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Rigby |first=Graeme |date=2019-02-07 |title=BLOATER |url=https://www.herripedia.com/bloaters/ |access-date=2025-03-05 |website=Rigby’s Encyclopaedia of the Herring |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Rigby |first=Graeme |date=2019-02-08 |title=KIPPER |url=https://www.herripedia.com/kippers/ |access-date=2025-03-05 |website=Rigby’s Encyclopaedia of the Herring |language=en-GB}}</ref>