Editing Kinmen (section)

==Names==
[[File:Jiangong Island - DSCF9484.JPG|thumb|left|[[Jiangong Islet]], with a [[Koxinga]] monument, in Kinmen Harbor]]

'''Kinmen''' (金門) means 'golden gate'. The name was first recorded in 1387 when the [[Hongwu Emperor]] appointed Zhou Dexing to administer the island and protect it from pirate attacks.<ref name="Wei2006">{{Cite journal |last=Wei |first=Jian-feng |year=2006 |title=An Examination of Cultural Identity of Residents of Quemoy (Kinmen) |url=http://www.uri.edu/iaics/content/2006v15n1/13%20Jian-Feng%20Wei.pdf |journal=Intercultural Communication Studies |volume=15 |issue=1 |page=134 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429171612/http://www.uri.edu/iaics/content/2006v15n1/13%20Jian-Feng%20Wei.pdf |archive-date=29 April 2013}}</ref> The spelling "Kinmen" is a [[postal romanization]].<ref>{{Cite book |title=Postal Romanization |date=1961 |publisher=Directorate General of Posts |location=Taipei, Taiwan |page=6 |language=en |quote=Kinmen (AF) and Taiwan (9) are both postal romanization.}}</ref> This transcription system is a variation of Nanking Syllabary, a system developed by [[Herbert Giles]] in 1892.<ref>Postal Romanization, p. 4.</ref> It was adopted by the Chinese Imperial Post, part of the [[Chinese Maritime Customs Service]] led by Irishman [[Sir Robert Hart, 1st Baronet|Robert Hart]]. It is based on pronunciation in the Southern Mandarin, or [[Lower Yangtze Mandarin|Jianghuai]], dialect. This dialect is widely spoken in Jiangsu and Anhui provinces, including the city of Nanjing. The Taiwanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs uses "Kinmen,"<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China (Taiwan) |year=2019 |title=2019–2020 Taiwan at a Glance |url=http://multilingual.mofa.gov.tw/web/web_UTF-8/MOFA/glance2019-2020/English.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200202173938/http://multilingual.mofa.gov.tw/web/web_UTF-8/MOFA/glance2019-2020/English.pdf |archive-date=2 February 2020 |pages=1, 22}}</ref> while the [[United States Board on Geographic Names]] gives "Kinmen Island."<ref name="GNISkinmenisland" /> '''Jinmen''' is the island's name both in [[Tongyong Pinyin]] and in [[Hanyu Pinyin]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Taiwan Place Names |url=http://www.pinyin.info/taiwan/place_names.html |access-date=15 September 2020 |website=Pīnyīn.info |language=zh-tw,en |quote=Jinmen / Jinmen / Kinmen County}}</ref> '''Chin-men''' / '''Chinmen''' is the [[Wade–Giles]] romanization of the county and island's name.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Quemoy-Island Quemoy Island], island, Taiwan, Chinese (Wade-Giles) '''Chin-men Tao''', in ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''</ref>

'''Quemoy''', pronounced {{IPAc-en|k|ɪ|ˈ|m|ɔɪ}}, is a name for the island in English and in other European languages.<ref>"[http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/quemoy Quemoy] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307171301/http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/quemoy |date=2012-03-07 }}", Merriam Webster<br/>"[http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/autre-region/Quemoy/140008 Quemoy] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130701111412/http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/autre-region/Quemoy/140008 |date=2013-07-01 }}", ''Larousse''. {{in lang|fr}}</ref> It may have originated as a Spanish or Portuguese [[transcription (linguistics)|transcription]] of the [[Zhangzhou Hokkien]] pronunciation of the name, ''Kim-mûi''.<ref name="Wei" /> This is the most common form of the islands' name in English. For example, works that deal with the [[First Taiwan Strait Crisis|First]] and [[Second Taiwan Strait Crisis|Second Taiwan Strait Crises]] (the Quemoy Incident<ref name="di Genova" />) and the [[1960 United States presidential election]] debates when the islands received prominent worldwide news coverage all use the word Quemoy. In addition, the former National Kinmen Institute of Technology was renamed [[National Quemoy University]] in 2010. Kinmen scholar Wei Jian-feng advocates the use of the word Quemoy to better connect the island to "international society or achieve more recognition in the world".<ref name="Wei">{{Cite journal |last=Wei |first=Jian-feng |year=2009 |title='Quemoy' or 'Kinmen'?: A Translation Strategy for Communication |url=http://www.uri.edu/iaics/content/2009v18n2/12%20Jian-Feng%20Wei.pdf |journal=Intercultural Communication Studies |volume=18 |issue=2 |page=176 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429181932/http://www.uri.edu/iaics/content/2009v18n2/12%20Jian-Feng%20Wei.pdf |archive-date=29 April 2013}}</ref> '''Kimoi''' is a Hokkien-derived spelling also used in the postal romanization system.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/mapofchinashan |title=Index to Map of China |date=1915 |publisher=Far Eastern Geographical Establishment |edition=2nd |location=Shanghai |page=[https://archive.org/details/mapofchinashan/page/31 31] |quote=Kimoi Island (Kinmen) 金門島 Fukien ... ... 福建 ... 24.23N 118.20E}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Stanford |first=Edward |url=https://archive.org/details/atlasofchineseem00stan |title=Atlas of the Chinese Empire |date=1908 |publisher=The China Island Mission |edition=1 |location=London |page=[https://archive.org/details/atlasofchineseem00stan/page/n76 24] |quote=Kimoi I. (Kinmen) |author-link=Edward Stanford}}</ref>