Editing Kimchi (section)

== Etymology ==

=== ''Ji'' ===
The term ''ji'' ({{lang|ko|지}}), which has its origins in archaic Korean ''dihi'' ({{lang|ko|디히}}), has been used to refer to kimchi since ancient times.<ref name="Lee">{{Cite news|url=http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/opinion/column/125949.html|title=[고장말탐험] '김치'와 '지'|last=이|first=태영|date=23 May 2006|work=[[The Hankyoreh]]|access-date=27 March 2017|language=ko|archive-date=27 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170327172447/http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/opinion/column/125949.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[sound change]] can be roughly described as:<ref name="Hong_G">{{cite journal |doi=10.19069/kordialect.2016.24.061 |title=Study on the Lexicon Related to Gimchi -Based on Survey of Ethnic Living Words in 2008- |journal=The Journal of Korean Dialectology |issue=24 |pages=61–99 |year=2016 |last1=Hong |first1=Giok }}</ref>
* ''dihi'' ({{lang|ko|디히}}) > ''di'' ({{lang|ko|디}}) > ''ji'' ({{lang|ko|지}})
The [[Middle Korean]] form ''dihi'' is found in several books from the [[Joseon]] period (1392–1897).<ref name="Uichim">{{Cite book|title=Bullyu Du Gongbu si Eonhae|year=1632|editor-last=Uichim|edition=reprint|volume=3|location=Joseon Korea|script-title=ko:분류두공부시언해(分類杜工部詩諺解)|trans-title=Poems by [[Du Fu]], Korean Translation|quote={{Script/Korean|長安앳 겨 디히 싀오  고}}|orig-date=1481|editor-last2=Jo|editor-first2=Wi|editor-last3=Yu|editor-first3=Yungyeom|editor-last4=Yu|editor-first4=Hyubok|display-editors=etal}}</ref><ref name="Sin">{{Cite book|title=Garye Eonhae|year=1632|volume=10|location=Joseon Korea|translator-last=Sin|translator-first=Sik|script-title=ko:가례언해(家禮諺解)|trans-title=Vernacular Edition of the Chia-li|quote={{Script/Korean|豆 디히 젓 담 목긔라}}}} (from the original ''Jiālǐ'' {{lang|zh-Hant|家禮}} by [[Zhu Xi]])</ref> In [[Korean language|Modern Korean]], the word remains as the suffix ''-ji'' in the [[South Korean standard language|standard language]] (as in ''[[jjanji]]'', ''seokbak-ji''),<ref name="SKLD_jjan">{{Cite web|url=http://stdweb2.korean.go.kr/search/View.jsp?idx=486741|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170327172047/http://stdweb2.korean.go.kr/search/View.jsp?idx=486741|url-status=dead|archive-date=27 March 2017|title=jjanji|website=[[Standard Korean Language Dictionary]]|publisher=[[National Institute of Korean Language]]|language=ko|script-title=ko:짠지|access-date=27 March 2017}}</ref><ref name="SKLD_seokbak">{{Cite web|url=http://stdweb2.korean.go.kr/search/View.jsp?idx=184895|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170327172241/http://stdweb2.korean.go.kr/search/View.jsp?idx=184895|url-status=dead|archive-date=27 March 2017|title=seokbak-ji|website=[[Standard Korean Language Dictionary]]|publisher=[[National Institute of Korean Language]]|language=ko|script-title=ko:섞박지|access-date=27 March 2017}}</ref> and as the suffix ''-ji'' as well as the noun ''ji'' in [[Gyeongsang dialect|Gyeongsang]] and [[Jeolla dialect]]s.<ref name="SKLD_ji">{{Cite web|url=http://stdweb2.korean.go.kr/search/View.jsp?idx=314429|title=ji|website=[[Standard Korean Language Dictionary]]|publisher=[[National Institute of Korean Language]]|language=ko|script-title=ko:지|access-date=27 March 2017|archive-date=29 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180929075140/http://stdweb2.korean.go.kr/search/View.jsp?idx=314429|url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[Palatalization (phonetics)|unpalatalized]] form ''di'' is preserved in [[Pyongan dialect|P'yŏngan dialect]].<ref name="SKLD_di">{{Cite web|url=http://stdweb2.korean.go.kr/search/View.jsp?idx=180741|title=seobeok-di|website=[[Standard Korean Language Dictionary]]|publisher=[[National Institute of Korean Language]]|language=ko|script-title=ko:서벅디|access-date=27 March 2017|archive-date=5 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180505070707/http://stdweb2.korean.go.kr/search/View.jsp?idx=180741|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== ''Kimchi'' ===
''Kimchi'' ({{lang|ko|김치}}) is the accepted word in both [[North Korean standard language|North]] and [[South Korean standard language|South Korean]] standard languages. Earlier forms of the word include {{transliteration|ko|yaleko|thimchoy}} ({{script/Korean|{{lang|ko|팀ᄎᆡ}}}}), a [[Middle Korean]] transcription of the [[Sino-Korean vocabulary|Sino-Korean]] word {{lang|ko|[[wikt:沈|沈]][[wikt:菜|菜]]}} (literally "submerged vegetable"). {{transliteration|ko|yaleko|Thimchoy}} appears in ''Sohak Eonhae'',<ref name="Jeong_G">{{cite wikisource |title=소학언해|last1=Jeong|last2=unknown|first1=Gu|year=1586|plaintitle=Sohak Eonhae ''[[:s:ko:소학언해|소학언해(小學諺解)]]''|wslanguage=ko|trans-title=Vernacular Rendition of the Elementary Learning|location=Joseon Korea|language=okm|display-authors=1}}</ref> the 16th-century Korean rendition of the Chinese book, ''Xiaoxue''.<ref name="Zhu">{{cite wikisource |title=小學|last1=Zhū|last2=Liú|first1=Xǐ|first2=Qīngzhī|author-link1=Zhu Xi|plaintitle=Xiǎoxué ''[[:s:zh:小學|小學]]''|wslanguage=zh|trans-title=Elementary Learning|location=Song China|language=lzh}}</ref> Sound changes from Middle Korean to Modern Korean regarding the word can be described as:<ref name="SKLD">{{Cite web|url=http://stdweb2.korean.go.kr/search/View.jsp?idx=52827|title=Kimchi|website=[[Standard Korean Language Dictionary]]|publisher=[[National Institute of Korean Language]]|language=ko|script-title=ko:김치|trans-title=kimchi|access-date=24 March 2017|archive-date=29 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180929073148/http://stdweb2.korean.go.kr/search/View.jsp?idx=52827|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* {{transliteration|ko|yaleko|thimchoy}} ({{script/Korean|{{lang|ko|팀ᄎᆡ}}}}; {{lang|ko|沈菜}}) > {{transliteration|ko|yaleko|timchoy}} ({{script/Korean|{{lang|ko|딤ᄎᆡ}}}}) > {{transliteration|ko|yaleko|cimchoy}} ({{script/Korean|{{lang|ko|짐ᄎᆡ}}}}) > {{transliteration|ko|yaleko|cimchuy}} ({{lang|ko|짐츼}}) > {{transliteration|ko|yaleko|kimchi}} ({{lang|ko|김치}})

The [[Aspirated consonant|aspirated]] first consonant of {{transliteration|ko|yaleko|thimchoy}} became unaspirated in {{transliteration|ko|yaleko|timchoy}}, then underwent [[Palatalization (sound change)|palatalization]] in {{transliteration|ko|yaleko|cimchoy}}. The word then became {{transliteration|ko|yaleko|cimchuy}} with the loss of the vowel {{transliteration|ko|yaleko|o}} ({{script/Korean|{{lang|ko|ㆍ}}}}) in Korean language, then ''kimchi'', with the depalatalized word-initial consonant. In Modern Korean, the [[hanja]] characters {{lang|ko|沈菜}} are pronounced ''chimchae'' ({{lang|ko|침채}}), and are not used to refer to kimchi, or anything else. The word ''kimchi'' is not considered as a [[Sino-Korean vocabulary|Sino-Korean word]].<ref name=SKLD /><!-- The headword in Standard Korean Language dictionary dose not contain hanja characters.--> Older forms of the word are retained in many regional dialects: ''jimchae'' (Jeolla, [[Hamgyŏng dialect]]s),<ref name="SKLD_jimchae">{{Cite web|url=http://stdweb2.korean.go.kr/search/View.jsp?idx=317715|title=jimchae|website=[[Standard Korean Language Dictionary]]|publisher=[[National Institute of Korean Language]]|language=ko|script-title=ko:짐채|access-date=27 March 2017|archive-date=27 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170327171443/http://stdweb2.korean.go.kr/search/View.jsp?idx=317715|url-status=dead}}</ref> ''jimchi'' ([[Chungcheong dialect|Chungcheong]], [[Gangwon dialect|Gangwon]], [[Gyeonggi dialect|Gyeonggi]], Gyeongsang, Hamgyŏng, Jeolla dialects),<ref name="SKLD_jimchi">{{Cite web|url=http://stdweb2.korean.go.kr/search/View.jsp?idx=317716|title=jimchi|website=[[Standard Korean Language Dictionary]]|publisher=[[National Institute of Korean Language]]|language=ko|script-title=ko:짐치|access-date=27 March 2017|archive-date=27 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170327171812/http://stdweb2.korean.go.kr/search/View.jsp?idx=317716|url-status=dead}}</ref> and ''dimchi'' (P'yŏngan dialect).<ref name="SKLD_dimchi">{{Cite web|url=http://stdweb2.korean.go.kr/search/View.jsp?idx=96720|title=dimchi|website=[[Standard Korean Language Dictionary]]|publisher=[[National Institute of Korean Language]]|language=ko|script-title=ko:딤치|access-date=27 March 2017|archive-date=28 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170328015621/http://stdweb2.korean.go.kr/search/View.jsp?idx=96720|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The English word "kimchi" perhaps originated from ''kimch'i'', the [[McCune–Reischauer]] transcription of the Korean word ''kimchi'' ({{lang|ko|김치}}).