Editing Keyser, West Virginia (section)

== History ==
{{Main|History of Keyser, West Virginia}}
Keyser, the county seat of Mineral County, is located on the [[North Branch Potomac River|North Branch of the Potomac River]] at its juncture with [[New Creek]] in the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia. Throughout the centuries, the town went through a series of name changes, but was ultimately named after [[William Keyser]], a [[Baltimore and Ohio Railroad]] official.<ref>{{cite book|last=Kenny|first=Hamill|title=West Virginia Place Names: Their Origin and Meaning, Including the Nomenclature of the Streams and Mountains|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015009099824;view=1up;seq=377;size=125|year=1945|publisher=The Place Name Press|location=Piedmont, WV|page=349}}</ref>

The first local land grant was issued by [[Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron|Lord Fairfax]] to Christopher Beelor on March 20, 1752. The place was first called Paddy Town, for Patrick McCarty, an Irish immigrant who came to then-Hampshire County, Virginia, sometime after 1740. Eventually, a community developed, which was also known as "the Irish Settlement." Initially a peaceful village, Paddy Town came under repeated attacks by Native Americans after [[French and Indian War|French and Indian]] forces defeated Major General [[Edward Braddock]] west of Paddy Town in 1755. Patrick McCarty's son, Edward McCarty, built an iron furnace and foundry and a [[salt well]], near present-day Armstrong Street.

In the early 19th century, the [[Chesapeake and Ohio Canal]] (C&O Canal) was constructed alongside the Potomac, from [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]], to [[Cumberland, Maryland]]. Originally planned to reach the Ohio River, the canal never reached Paddy Town; after being overtaken by the railroad, the canal stopped as far west as Cumberland. By 1844, Paddy Town fell into decline, which reversed when the town received an economic boost in 1852 when the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, in search of a path through the Alleghenies, arrived.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Industrial History of the Potomac's Quartette of Towns|publisher=Industrial Publishing Company|year=1906|location=Piedmont, WV}}</ref> Sometime between 1855 and the start of the Civil War, the townsfolk renamed the village New Creek Station, after the creek that runs by it.

In 1861, the [[American Civil War]] came to New Creek Station in then-[[Hampshire County, Virginia]], when the [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]] established Fort Fuller. The railroad that had been a blessing to the town had turned into a curse, drawing repeated assaults by [[Confederate States Army|Confederate]] forces. Because of its geography, a relatively flat plain in a valley surrounded by mountains and open to many approaches, New Creek was an easy target for Confederates. The area changed hands 14 times during the war due to the importance of the railroad.<ref>Swick-Cruse, Deborah "Keyser." e-WV: The West Virginia Encyclopedia. 31 May 2013. Web. 04 April 2017. https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1198</ref>  Complete disaster finally visited New Creek on November 28, 1864, when Fort Fuller was overcome; the Confederates then took over the town, destroying the earthworks and nearly all the buildings. A smaller Confederate force was then sent to [[Piedmont, West Virginia|Piedmont]], where they managed to burn the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad's roundhouse, a workshop, and other machinery before they were turned away by Company A Sixth West Virginia Volunteers.<ref>{{Cite news|title=A Rebel Raid on New Creek, Va. - Destruction of the Place|date=November 30, 1864|work=Philadelphia Inquirer}}</ref>

Following the war, the state legislature sent the [[Hampshire County, West Virginia|Hampshire County]] seat back to Romney and split this northern half away to form Mineral County in 1866, eventually settling on New Creek to become the county seat, with the courthouse completed in 1868. In 1874, the [[Baltimore and Ohio Railroad|Baltimore & Ohio Railroad]] was looking for a place to set up division headquarters. Thus, on November 16, 1874, the town of Keyser was incorporated, named after [[William Keyser]] then the first vice president of the railroad, living in nearby [[Garrett County, Maryland]], and in charge of the headquarters location division. In addition to the headquarters, the renamed town of Keyser received repair shops and a roundhouse, lifting employment and economic activity.<ref>{{Cite book|title=History of Keyser, West Virginia, 1737-1913|last=Wolfe|first=William W.|publisher=Keystone Print, Inc.|year=1974|pages=22–23}}</ref> Keyser played an early and prominent role in the [[Great Railroad Strike of 1877]], attracting the attention of national news and the involvement of Federal authorities.

Keyser's growth accelerated in the 1880s, with the end of the [[Long Depression]], through the turn of the century. Infrastructure improvements attracted more industry, and Keyser's private sector began to diversify beyond its sometimes problematic dominant employer, the Baltimore & Ohio. Besides the B&O, railroad workers were now employed by the [[Western Maryland Railroad]] and the [[West Virginia Central Railroad]]. On February 3, 1913, the [[West Virginia Legislature|West Virginia legislature]] granted Keyser a [[Charter city|charter]] designating it the "City of Keyser" (though the name was nearly changed during WWI due to the connotations of its pronunciation as "kaiser"). In 1924, Keyser experienced massive flooding of the Potomac River, which brought widespread damage to homes and businesses.

In the 20th century, Keyser's economy relied heavily on manufacturing and the railroad. While after WWII, Keyser experienced another boom in industry, the town was hit hard by the economic crises of the 1970s and early 1980s, resulting in numerous industrial closures. Although Keyser's fortunes were generally tied to the national economy through the centuries, the town did not experience the 1990s economic boom in the same way as other parts of the country. Since losing much of its manufacturing base, the town found employment via health care, education, and service jobs. [[Potomac State College of West Virginia University|Potomac State College]] has continued to develop and is associated with West Virginia University.

The [[Thomas R. Carskadon House]] and [[Mineral County Courthouse (Keyser, West Virginia)|Mineral County Courthouse]] are listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2010a}}</ref>