Editing Kenya Airways (section)

==History==
===Early years===
Kenya Airways was established by the [[Government of Kenya|Kenyan government]] on 22 January 1977, following the break-up of the [[East African Community]] and the consequent demise of [[East African Airways]] (EAA).<ref name="KQ_History" /><ref name="Titus Naikuni: Walking tall" /><ref name="FI1980-323/4" /> On 4 February 1977,<ref name="FI2000-89/90" />{{rp|90}} two [[Boeing 707#707-320|Boeing 707-321s]] leased from [[British Midland Airways]] inaugurated operations,<ref name="FI1977-330/1" /> serving the Nairobi–Frankfurt–London route.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=97}} On internal and regional flights, the carrier deployed aircraft formerly operated by the EAA consortium, such as one [[McDonnell Douglas DC-9#Series 50|Douglas DC-9-52]] and three [[Fokker F-27-200]]s.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=97}}{{#tag:ref|''[[Flight International]]'' also reported that Kenya Airways flew [[Douglas DC-9|Douglas DC-9-32s]] previously operated by EAA.<ref name="FI1978-485" />|group="nb"}} In late 1977, three [[Boeing 707]]s were acquired from [[Northwest Orient]].<ref>{{cite journal |title=Airliner market |journal=[[Flight International]] |date=1 October 1977 |page=937 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1977/1977%20-%202905.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029194944/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1977/1977%20-%202905.html |archive-date=29 October 2013 |access-date=1 August 2012 |quote=Kenya Airways has purchased three Boeing 707s from Northwest Orient |url-status=dead }}</ref> The following year, the company formed a charter subsidiary named Kenya Flamingo Airlines, which leased aircraft from the parent airline in order to operate international passenger and cargo services.<ref>{{cite journal|title=World airline directory – Kenya Flamingo Airways|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1984/1984%20-%200565.html|journal=Flight International|pages=855|date=31 March 1984|access-date=7 December 2011|archive-date=26 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626192536/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1984/1984%20-%200565.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Aer Lingus]] provided the company with technical and management support in the early years.<ref>{{cite journal|title= World airline directory – Kenya Airways|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1979/1979%20-%201444.html|journal= Flight International|pages= 1382–1383|format= pdf|date= 28 April 1979|access-date= 2 April 2011|quote= Aer Lingus is providing technical and management assistance under contract.|archive-date= 5 March 2016|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160305153948/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1979/1979%20-%201444.html|url-status= live}}</ref>

===1980s–1990s: Expansion and privatisation===
[[File:Kenya Airways F27-200 5Y-BBS MBA 1982-11-1.png|thumb|A Kenya Airways Fokker F27-200 at [[Moi International Airport]] in 1982]]

In July 1980, the airline had 2100 employees and a fleet of three [[Boeing 707-320B]]s, one [[Boeing 720B]], one [[DC-9-30]] and three [[Fokker F-27-200]]s. At this time, [[Addis Ababa]], [[Athens]], [[Mumbai|Bombay]], [[Cairo]], [[Copenhagen]], [[Frankfurt]], [[Jeddah]], [[Kampala]], [[Karachi]], [[Khartoum]], [[London]], [[Lusaka]], [[Mauritius]], [[Mogadishu]], [[Rome]], [[Harare|Salisbury]], [[Seychelles]] and [[Zürich]] were among the airline's international destinations, whereas domestic routes radiated from Nairobi to [[Kisumu]], [[Malindi]], [[Mombasa]] and [[Mumias]].<ref name="FI1980-323/4" /> A Nairobi–Bombay nonstop route was launched in 1982 using Boeing 707-320Bs.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=97,98}} A year later, the company commenced serving [[Tanzania]] while flights to [[Burundi]], [[Malawi]] and [[Rwanda]] were launched in 1984. Capacity on the European routes was boosted in November 1985 with the incorporation of an [[Airbus A310-200]] [[Aircraft lease|leased]] from [[Condor Flugdienst|Condor]]. [[Kilimanjaro]] was first served in March 1986.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=98}} That year, the airline ordered two [[Airbus A310-300]]s. Kenya Airways was the first African carrier to acquire the type and was the first [[Wide-body aircraft|wide-bodies]] ordered by the company.<ref name="FI1985-5" /> Funded with a {{US$|20000000|1986|link=yes}} loan,<ref name="FI1986-9-27" /> the delivery of these two aircraft took place in {{MONTHNAME|5}} and September 1986.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=98}}<ref name="FI1986-11-8" /> They flew on the Kenya–[[Europe]] corridor, and permitted Kenya Airways to return the [[Airbus A310-200|A310-200]] to the lessor.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=98}} In early 1988, the carrier ordered two [[Fokker 50]]s;<ref name="FI1988-2-6-14" /> for domestic routes, the airline received the first of these aircraft at the end of the year.<ref name="FI1988-12-10-13" /> Also in 1988, the lease of a third [[A310-300]] was arranged with the [[International Lease Finance]] for a ten-year period;<ref name="FI1988-49" /> the aircraft joined the fleet in November 1989.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=99}} Leased from [[Ansett Worldwide]], the first [[Boeing 757-200]] was received in January 1990, whereas a third Fokker 50 was acquired in {{MONTHNAME|1990}} the same year. By late 1991, two Boeing 737-200s had been leased from [[Guinness Peat Aviation]].{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=99}}

[[File:Kenya Airways A310-300 5Y-BFT FCO_March_1999.png|thumb|left|A Kenya Airways Airbus A310-300 at [[Fiumicino Airport]] in 1999. With [[Aircraft registration|registration]] 5Y-BFT, this particular aircraft entered the fleet in November 1989.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=99}}]]

In 1986, ''Sessional Paper Number 1'' was published by the Government of Kenya, outlining the country's need for economic development and growth. The document stressed the government's opinion that the airline would be better off privately owned, thus resulting in the first privatisation attempt. The government named [[Philip Ndegwa]] as [[chairman of the board]] in 1991, with specific orders to make the airline a [[Privately held company|privately owned]] company. In 1992, the ''Public Enterprise Reform'' paper was published, giving Kenya Airways priority among national companies in Kenya to be privatised.<ref name="KQ_History" /> Ndegwa was succeeded by Isaac Omolo Okero. In September 1992, Brian Davies was appointed as the new [[managing director]] of the company.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=99}} Davies had been previously hired to carry out a study of viability on privatisation,{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=99}} working for [[British Airways]]' Speedwing consulting arm.<ref name="Kenya's Dutch treat" /> [[Swissair]] was the first company to provide Kenya Airways with privatisation advice.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=99}} In the fiscal year 1993 to 1994, the airline produced its first profit since the start of commercialisation.<ref name="Foreign alliance on offer from Kenya" /> In 1994, the [[International Finance Corporation]] was appointed to assist in the privatisation process, which effectively began in 1995.<ref name="IFC" /> A large aviation industry partner was sought to acquire 40% of the shares, with another 40% reserved for private investors and the government keeping the remaining stake. The government would absorb almost {{US$|90}}&nbsp;million in debts and would convert another {{US$|31}}&nbsp;million it provided in loans into equity; after reorganisation, the company would have a debt of approximately {{US$|78}}&nbsp;million.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=99}} British Airways, KLM, [[Lufthansa]] and [[South African Airways]] were among the airlines expressing interest in taking a stake in Kenya Airways.<ref name="Foreign alliance on offer from Kenya" /><ref name="IFC" /><ref name="Profits help Kenya Airways towards" />

KLM was awarded the privatisation of the company, which restructured its debts and made a master corporation agreement with KLM, which bought 26% of the shares, becoming the largest single shareholder since then.<ref name="IFC" /><ref name="Strong foreign interest boosts Kenya float" /><ref name="No haste, just speed" /> Shares were floated to the public in March 1996, and the airline started trading in the [[Nairobi Stock Exchange]].<ref name="FI1998-70" /> The Government of Kenya kept a 23% stake in the company, and offered the remaining 51% to the public; however, non-Kenyan shareholders could hold a maximum 49% share of the airline.<ref name="IFC" /><ref name="Strong foreign interest boosts Kenya float" /><ref name="No haste, just speed" /> Despite 40% of the shares being kept by foreign investors following privatisation (including KLM{{'s}} 26% stake), top management positions were held by Kenyans.<ref name="Kenya's Dutch treat" /> Following the takeover, the government of Kenya capitalised {{US$|70}}&nbsp;million, while the airline was awarded a {{US$|15}}&nbsp;million loan from the [[International Finance Corporation]] to modernise its fleet.<ref name="IFC" /> In a deal worth {{US$|82}}&nbsp;million, two [[Boeing 737-300]]s were ordered in July 1996.<ref name="G.E. Gives Airbus a $2.5 Billion Jet Order" />

===2000s–2010s===
In January 2000, the airline experienced its first fatal accident when an Airbus A310 that had been bought new in 1986 [[Kenya Airways Flight 431|crashed]] off [[Ivory Coast]], shortly after taking off from [[Abidjan]].<ref name="Kenyan plane crashes into sea" /><ref name="Airline's sound safety record" /> By {{MONTHNAME|4}} the same year, the fleet consisted of four Airbus A310-300s,{{#tag:ref|It is likely that ''[[Flight International]]'' records had not been updated at the time of publish. Another source informed that the number of A310s in the fleet immediately after the crash was three.<ref name="Airline's sound safety record" />|group="nb"}} two [[Boeing 737-200 Advanced]] and four [[Boeing 737-300]]s. At this time the company had a staff of 2,780, including 400 engineers, 146 flight crew and 365 cabin crew. From its main hub at Jomo Kenyatta International Airport, scheduled services were operated to Abidjan, Addis Ababa, [[Amsterdam]], [[Bujumbura]], Cairo, Copenhagen, [[Dar es Salaam]], [[Douala]], [[Dubai]], [[Eldoret]], [[Entebbe]]/Kampala, [[Harare]], [[Johannesburg]], Karachi, Khartoum, [[Kigali]], [[Kinshasa]], [[Lagos]], [[Lilongwe]], [[Lokichoggio]], London, Lusaka, [[Mahe Island]], [[Malindi]], Mombasa, [[Mumbai]], and [[Zanzibar]].<ref name="FI2000-89/90" />{{rp|90}} In 2002, an order for {{cardinal to word|3}} [[Boeing 777-200ER]]s was placed with Boeing; an additional aircraft of the type was acquired in November 2005.<ref name="Kenya Airways acquires additional 777-200ER and 767-300ER" /> In March 2006, {{cardinal to word|6}} [[Boeing 787-8]]s were ordered; the first two examples would be delivered in {{YEAR|2010}} and the rest in {{YEAR|2011}}.<ref name="Kenya airways to take Boeing 787s" /> The original Boeing 787 order was amended {{cardinal to word|9}} months later to include {{cardinal to word|3}} more aircraft of the type.<ref name="Kenya Airways threatens to ditch 787 for Airbus"/> The first Embraer 190 joined the fleet in December 2010.<ref name="Kenya Airways receives third new E-190" />

[[File:Kenya Airways Boeing 767-300ER 5Y-KYW AMS 2011-10-16.png|A Kenya Airways Boeing 767 in 2011|thumb|left]]
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{{reference necessary|In {{Start date|df=yes|2004|10}}, the company cross-listed its shares at the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange. In {{Start date|df=yes|2004|4}}, the company re-introduced Kenya Airways Cargo as a brand; in {{Start date|df=yes|2004|7}}, the company's domestic subsidiary Flamingo Airlines was re-absorbed.|date=December 2011}} In March 2006, Kenya Airways won the ''“African Airline of the Year”'' award for 2005, for the fifth time in seven years.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://kenya-airways.com/home/information_and_services/archives/press_releases/default.aspx?colm=&cid=996|title= Kenya Airways Wins African Aviation Award|publisher= Kenya Airways|month= March| year= 2006|access-date= 8 June 2011}}</ref>
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In June 2012, the company announced the issuance of rights worth [[Kenyan shilling|KSh.]]20&nbsp;billion/=, aimed at increasing capital to support expansion plans.<ref name="KQ rights issue misses set target" /><ref>{{cite press release |title=Kenya Airways Rights Issue–Amended Timetable |publisher=Kenya Airways |date=30 May 2012 |url=http://www.kenya-airways.com/uploadedFiles/Global/About_Kenya_Airways/Investor_Information/Financial_Reports/KQ%20Rights%20Issue%20Time-table%20Change.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130827032847/http://www.kenya-airways.com/uploadedFiles/Global/About_Kenya_Airways/Investor_Information/Financial_Reports/KQ%20Rights%20Issue%20Time-table%20Change.pdf |archive-date=27 August 2013 |access-date=10 June 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Kenya Airways' fiscal first-half profit surges 41.6%" /> Following the allocation of shares, KLM increased their stake in the company from 26% to 26.73%, while the Kenyan government boosted their participation into the company from 23% to 29.8%, becoming the largest shareholder.<ref name="Kenya Airways Rights Issue Offer Results" /><ref name="Government now largest shareholder of Kenya Airways" /> In April 2012, the airline launched a plan named ''Project Mawingu'' (the [[Swahili language|Swahili]] word meaning ''Clouds'') to add 24 destinations by 2021, including the start of services to [[Australia]] and [[North America|North]] and [[South America]], and expanding its presence in Asia as well.<ref name="Rapidly expanding Kenya Airways charts growth with plan to serve every inhabited continent by 2017">{{cite news|url=http://www.centreforaviation.com/analysis/rapidly-expanding-kenya-airways-charts-growth-with-plan-to-serve-every-inhabited-continent-by-2017-71784|title=Rapidly expanding Kenya Airways charts growth with plan to serve every inhabited continent by 2017|date=16 April 2012|work=Centre for Aviation|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120428015352/http://www.centreforaviation.com/analysis/rapidly-expanding-kenya-airways-charts-growth-with-plan-to-serve-every-inhabited-continent-by-2017-71784|archive-date=28 April 2012}}</ref> In October 2013, the airline stated that it will add six new destinations every year, following the delivery of [[Boeing 777]]s and [[Boeing 787|787s]] the carrier has on order.<ref name="ROUTES: Kenya Airways plans global network over 10 years" />

Operational results for fiscal years 2015 and 2016 showed substantial losses.<ref>{{Cite news| title=Kenya Airways records country's worst ever loss| newspaper=Financial Times| url=https://www.ft.com/content/006aacfe-4f44-11e6-8172-e39ecd3b86fc| date=21 July 2016| access-date=1 May 2018| last1=Aglionby| first1=John| archive-date=2 May 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180502064418/https://www.ft.com/content/006aacfe-4f44-11e6-8172-e39ecd3b86fc| url-status=live}}</ref> The rapid expansion of the fleet and routes (dubbed "Project Mawingu") was cited as the primary cause of the downturn. Fuel-price hedging and the 1996 agreement with [[KLM]], considered intrusive in the running of the flag carrier, took secondary blame.<ref>{{cite web| title=Treasury moves to ease KLM's grip on Kenya Airways| url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/business/article/2001260593/treasury-moves-to-ease-klm-s-grip-on-kq| access-date=1 May 2018| date=19 November 2017| archive-date=17 January 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180117030256/https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/business/article/2001260593/treasury-moves-to-ease-klm-s-grip-on-kq| url-status=live}}</ref> Corrective measures were taken to improve the financial and operational position of the airline and avert insolvency. 
The route partnership with KLM was deemed profitable thus, kept. However, the parties agreed to amend some features of the deal that hurt KQ -[[IATA]] code for Kenya Airways. Two Boeing [[B737-700]] were sold and five newer, leased airliners were sub-leased to improve cash flow.<ref>{{cite web| title=KQ sells two planes in bid to shore up its finances| date=6 October 2017| url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/business/KQ-sells-two-planes-shore-up-finances/2560-4127744-naqxmxz/index.html| access-date=1 May 2018| archive-date=2 May 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180502064923/http://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/business/KQ-sells-two-planes-shore-up-finances/2560-4127744-naqxmxz/index.html| url-status=live}}</ref> Efforts to financially re-position the carrier were successful at the end of 2017. In a complex deal, stakeholders agreed to convert close to half a billion US dollars in equity loans, changing the ownership structure. The government of Kenya, the biggest lender, saw its holdings rise from 29.8% to 48.9% while that of KLM was diluted from 26.7% down to 7.8%. A consortium of local banks, through a special-purpose vehicle called: "KQ Lenders Company 2017 Ltd.", ended up with 38.1%. The latter entity is obligated with a loan from the above local banks for US$225 million; this amount, in turn, is guaranteed by the government. The airline's employees, through a shareholding scheme, and others own the remaining 5.2%.<ref>{{cite web| title=Completion of the restructuring the debt and equity of Kenya Airways PLC| url=https://www.kenya-airways.com/uploadedFiles/Content/About_Us/Investor_Information/Public%20Announcement%20completion%20of%20the%20restructuring.pdf| access-date=1 May 2017| date=16 November 2018| archive-date=2 May 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180502140106/https://www.kenya-airways.com/uploadedFiles/Content/About_Us/Investor_Information/Public%20Announcement%20completion%20of%20the%20restructuring.pdf| url-status=live}}</ref> The Government of Kenya issued a guarantee for a further US$525&nbsp;million debt owed to Import-Export Bank of the United States, financier of the newer [[Boeing]] planes of its fleet. 
In a bid to recover their exposure, syndicated leaseholders and banks unsuccessfully fought these measures to restructure the carrier's ownership.<ref>{{cite web| title=Intrigues behind Kenya Airways debt restructuring| url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/business/article/2001261938/intrigues-behind-kenya-airways-debt-restructuring| date=3 December 2017| access-date=1 May 2018| archive-date=2 May 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180502064402/https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/business/article/2001261938/intrigues-behind-kenya-airways-debt-restructuring| url-status=live}}</ref>

An outline of a plan to restore profitability was disclosed in a March 2018 interview given by the CEO and the chairman of the company. The turnaround operation will include route expansion, pursuing the high-end segment of the market, on partnerships and joint ventures with other airlines.<ref name="KQ-profit-plan">{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-03-21/kenya-airways-may-add-as-many-as-20-new-routes-in-five-years|title=Kenya Airways May Add as Many as 20 New Routes in Five Years|website=[[Bloomberg News]]|date=21 March 2018|access-date=8 May 2018|archive-date=10 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180510172250/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-03-21/kenya-airways-may-add-as-many-as-20-new-routes-in-five-years|url-status=live}}</ref> The carrier plans to add up to twenty new destinations in Africa, Europe and Asia in the next five years. Five sub-leased aircraft are to re-join the fleet by the end of 2019 to facilitate this move.<ref name="KQ-and-profit">{{cite web|url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/business/Kenya-Airways-new-routes-profitability/2560-4358430-o0pp8u/index.html|title=Kenya Airways eyeing new routes to restore profitability|date=26 March 2018|access-date=8 May 2018|archive-date=10 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180510050751/http://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/business/Kenya-Airways-new-routes-profitability/2560-4358430-o0pp8u/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="KQ-profit-plan" /> Preparations are underway to roll out an economy-plus class to target the business and high-end leisure travellers. Direct flights to luxury tourism destinations in the Indian Ocean are also planned.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/03/06/reuters-america-focus-kenya-airways-looks-upmarket-for-financial-salvation.html|title=Kenya Airways looks upmarket for financial salvation|website=[[CNBC]]|date=6 March 2018|access-date=8 May 2018|archive-date=10 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180510051100/https://www.cnbc.com/2018/03/06/reuters-america-focus-kenya-airways-looks-upmarket-for-financial-salvation.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Talks are underway with [[South African Airways]] regarding route-sharing and aircraft-maintenance collaboration; this is the other focus of the turnaround scheme.<ref name="KQ-and-profit" /> In December 2018 Kenya Airways revealed plans to start flights between Nairobi and Windhoek, Namibia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/corporate/companies/Kenya-opens-talks-with-neighbours-to-allow-KQ-flights/4003102-4892794-2va4wj/index.html|title=Kenya opens talks with neighbours to allow KQ flights|date=10 December 2020|access-date=13 December 2018|archive-date=13 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181213132945/https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/corporate/companies/Kenya-opens-talks-with-neighbours-to-allow-KQ-flights/4003102-4892794-2va4wj/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== 2020s and the current state of recovery. ===
The airline announced plans to undergo a $1 billion restructuring in 2021 to help it recover from the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya|COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gibertini |first=Vanni |date=2021-12-28 |title=Kenya Airways To Undergo $1 Billion Restructuring – AirlineGeeks.com |url=https://airlinegeeks.com/2021/12/27/kenya-airways-to-undergo-1-billion-restructuring/ |access-date=2023-07-04 |website=AirlineGeeks.com – LIVE. LOVE. AVIATION. |language=en}}</ref> Upon announcing major losses in 2022, the carrier announced plans to cut ties with the Kenyan government by the end of 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shalton |first=Victor |date=2023-03-27 |title=Kenya Airways Reports Massive Losses for FY 2022, Plans to End State Support by End of 2023 – AirlineGeeks.com |url=https://airlinegeeks.com/2023/03/27/kenya-airways-reports-massive-losses-for-fy-2022-plans-to-end-state-support-by-end-of-2023/ |access-date=2023-07-04 |website=AirlineGeeks.com – LIVE. LOVE. AVIATION. |language=en}}</ref>

In 2024, Kenya Airways has demonstrated a strong performance turnaround, marking its first profit since 2013, a significant milestone driven by its Project Kifaru strategy. This plan emphasizes operational excellence, financial discipline, and an enhanced customer experience. For the first half of the year ending June 2024, the airline reported a net profit of Ksh513 million, a major improvement from the Ksh21.7 billion loss reported during the same period last year The airline’s profit after tax saw a remarkable 102% improvement, highlighting the success of the ongoing recovery strategy. Passenger numbers grew by 10% to 2.54 million, with an expanded capacity leading to a revenue increase of 22% to Ksh91 billion, The airline’s capacity, measured in Available Seat Kilometers (ASKs), increased by 16% to 7.991 billion ASKs, while Revenue Passenger Kilometers (RPKs) improved by14%.though cost management remains a challenge as operating expenses rose alongside growth in service capacity.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-08-19 |title=Kenya Airways Register First Profitable Half in 11 Years |url=https://wealthnote254.com/kenya-airways-register-first-profitable-half-in-11-years/ |access-date=2024-08-24 |website=WealthNote 254 |language=en-GB}}</ref>

In March 2025, Kenya Airways reported a pre-tax profit of $42.82 million.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Agbetiloye |first=Adekunle |date=2025-03-25 |title=Kenya Airways posts profit in 2024 after over a decade of losses |url=https://africa.businessinsider.com/local/markets/kenya-airways-posts-profit-in-2024-after-over-a-decade-of-losses/9q28lsw |access-date=2025-03-25 |website=Business Insider Africa |language=en}}</ref>