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==History== According to genealogist Brian Kennedy in his work ''JFK's Irish O'Kennedy Ancestors'', the Kennedys—who would go on to play a significant role in the United States of America—originated from an Irish clan called Ó Cinnéide Fionn (which, along with the Ó Cinnéide Donn and Ó Cinnéide Ruadh, were the three Irish Gaelic [[O'Kennedy|Ó Cinnéide]] clans who ruled the [[Kingdom of Ormond]]). In 1546, their progenitor Diarmaid Ó Cinnéide Fionn became the owner of Knigh Castle, located close to what is today [[Puckane]], [[County Tipperary]]. In 1740, having lost out to the [[Anglo-Irish people|New English]] order in the [[Kingdom of Ireland]], they moved to Dunganstown, [[New Ross]], [[County Wexford]]. Patrick Kennedy was born there. Patrick Kennedy (1823–1858) and Bridget Murphy (1824–1888) sailed from Ireland to [[East Boston]] in 1849. Patrick worked in East Boston as a barrel maker, or cooper,<ref name="Maier2003">{{cite book |title=The Kennedys: America's Emerald Kings |first=Thomas |last=Maier |publisher=Basic Books |year=2003 |page={{page needed|date=April 2015}} |isbn=978-0-465-04317-0 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/kennedysamericas00maie_0 }}</ref> and had five children with Bridget. Their youngest, [[P. J. Kennedy|Patrick Joseph "P. J." Kennedy]], went into business and served in the [[Massachusetts General Court|Massachusetts state legislature]] from 1884 to 1895. His wife's brother, Charles Hickey, served as mayor of Brockton, Massachusetts. P.J. and his wife, Mary Augusta Hickey, had four children. Their oldest was [[Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.|Joseph Patrick "Joe" Kennedy Sr.]],<ref>[http://www.jfklibrary.org/JFK/The-Kennedy-Family.aspx The Kennedy Family] The JFK Library, accessed February 10, 2016</ref> a businessman who amassed a private fortune in banking and securities trading, which he further expanded by investing in filmmaking and real estate. He also founded Somerset Importers and owned Chicago's [[Merchandise Mart]]. In 1914, Joseph Sr. married [[Rose Kennedy|Rose Fitzgerald]],<ref name="time.com">{{cite magazine|url=https://time.com/3462557/kennedy-wedding/|title=The Wedding That Changed American History|magazine=Time|date=October 7, 2014 |last=Graham |first=James}}</ref> the eldest daughter of [[John F. Fitzgerald|John F. "Honey Fitz" Fitzgerald]], who served six years as [[mayor of Boston]] and six years as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.boston.com/news/history/2017/05/17/meet-honey-fitz-the-pixielike-mayor-of-boston-and-jfks-grandfather |title=Meet Honey Fitz: The 'pixie like' mayor of Boston (and JFK's grandfather) |date=May 17, 2017 |work=Boston.com |last=DeCosta-Klipa |first=Nik}}</ref> The couple had nine children: [[Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.|Joseph Jr.]] (1915–1944), [[John F. Kennedy|John]] (called Jack) (1917–1963), [[Rosemary Kennedy|Rose Marie]] (called Rosemary) (1918–2005), [[Kathleen Cavendish, Marchioness of Hartington|Kathleen]] (called Kick) (1920–1948), [[Eunice Kennedy Shriver|Eunice]] (1921–2009), [[Patricia Kennedy Lawford|Patricia]] (1924–2006), [[Robert F. Kennedy|Robert]] (called Bobby) (1925–1968), [[Jean Kennedy Smith|Jean]] (1928–2020) and [[Ted Kennedy|Edward]] (called Ted) (1932–2009). Joseph Sr. was appointed by President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] as the first chairman of the [[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission|Securities and Exchange Commission]] (SEC), chairman of the [[United States Maritime Commission|Maritime Commission]], and [[United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom|U.S. ambassador to the United Kingdom]] from 1938 to 1940. He served from 1947 to 1949 on The Hoover Commission (the "Commission on Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government"), which was appointed by [[President of the United States|President]] [[Harry Truman]] to recommend administrative changes in the federal government. Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy was named [[Papal count|Papal Countess of the Holy Roman Church]] by [[Pope Pius XII]] in 1951 in recognition of her "exemplary motherhood and many charitable works."<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.jfklibrary.org/JFK/The-Kennedy-Family/Rose-Fitzgerald-Kennedy.aspx |title = Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy | JFK Library}}</ref>
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