Editing Keiretsu (section)

==Origins==
The prototypical ''keiretsu'' appeared during the [[Japanese economic miracle]] which followed World War II, amid the dissolution of [[Family business|family-controlled]] [[vertical monopoly|vertical monopolies]] called ''[[zaibatsu]]''.

The ''zaibatsu'' had been at the heart of economic and industrial activity within the [[Empire of Japan]] since Japanese industrialization accelerated during the [[Meiji era]].<ref name="addicott2017">{{cite journal|author=Addicott, David A.C.|year=2017|title=The Rise and Fall of the Zaibatsu: Japan's Industrial and Economic Modernization|journal=Pepperdine University|url=https://digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1259&context=globaltides}}</ref> They held great influence over Japanese national and foreign policies which only increased following the Japanese victories in the [[Russo-Japanese War]] of 1904–1905<ref name="addicott2017"/> and [[World War I]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Encyclopædia Britannica|title=Zaibatsu|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/zaibatsu}}</ref> During the [[inter-war period]] the ''zaibatsu'' aided [[Japanese militarism]] and benefited from their conquest of East Asia by receiving lucrative contracts.<ref name="addicott2017"/>

[[Image:Seizure of the Zaibatsu families assets.JPG|right|250px|thumb|Seizure of the ''zaibatsu'' families' assets, 1946]]
After the [[surrender of Japan]] the [[Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers|Allied occupation forces]] partially attempted to dissolve the ''zaibatsu'' which had worked closely with the militarists during the first half of the 20th century and during the war.<ref name="addicott2017" /> However, the United States government later rescinded those orders in an effort to reindustrialize Japan as a bulwark against [[communism]] in Asia, so the ''zaibatsu'' were never completely dissolved.<ref>In his 1967 memoirs, [[George F. Kennan]] wrote that aside from the [[Marshall Plan]], setting the "[[reverse course]]" in Japan was "the most significant contribution [he] was ever able to make in government." George F. Kennan, ''Memoirs'', 1925–50 (Boston, 1967), 393.</ref>