Editing Keighley (section)

== History ==
=== Toponymy ===
The name Keighley, which has gone through many changes of spelling throughout its history, means "Cyhha's farm or clearing",<ref>{{cite web |title=Keighley – Name Meaning |url=http://www.ancestry.com/facts/Keighley-name-meaning.ashx |access-date=24 January 2009 |website=ancestry.com}}</ref> and was mentioned in the [[Domesday Book]] of 1086: "In Cichhelai, Ulchel, and Thole, and Ravensuar, and William had six carucates to be taxed."

=== Town charter ===
Henry de Keighley, a [[Lancashire]] [[knight]], was granted a charter to hold a market in Keighley on 17 October 1305 by [[Edward I of England|King Edward I]].<ref name="marketcharter">{{cite news |date=15 January 2009 |title=Latin Expert Sought to Decipher Charter |work=[[Keighley News]] |url=http://www.keighleynews.co.uk/news/news_keighley/4047619.Latin_expert_sought__to_decipher_charter/ |access-date=24 January 2009}}</ref> The [[Tax per head|poll tax]] records of 1379 show that the population of Keighley, in the [[wapentake]] of [[Staincliffe (wapentake)|Staincliffe]] in the [[West Riding of Yorkshire]], was 109 people (47 couples and 15 single people).<ref>{{cite web |title=1379 Yorkshire Poll Tax Subsidy Rolls |url=https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/YKS/WRY/Keighley/KeighleySubsidyRoll |access-date=28 November 2023}}</ref>

=== 18th and 19th centuries ===
From 1753, the Union stage coach departed on the [[Keighley and Kendal Turnpike]] from what was the Devonshire Arms coaching inn on the corner of Church Street and High Street. Rebuilt about 1789, this public house has a classical style pedimented doorcase with engaged Tuscan columns in the high fashion of that age. The original route towards [[Skipton]] was Spring Gardens Lane – Hollins Lane – Hollins Bank Lane.<ref name="keighley">{{cite web |title=Keighley Town Centre Conservation Area Assessment |url=http://www.bradford.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/4C76898A-50C1-4CBA-B3FF-0B320F21CEC0/0/keighley_assessment_062004.pdf |access-date=18 October 2012 |publisher=Transportation, Planning and Design Department, the City of Bradford Metropolitan District Council}}</ref> Keighley was to become an [[Intersection (road)|intersection]] with other [[toll road|turnpikes]], including the Two-Laws to Keighley branch of the Toller Lane – Blue Bell turnpike (1755) from [[Bradford]] to [[Colne]], the Bradford to Keighley turnpike (1814), and the Keighley—[[Halifax, West Yorkshire|Halifax]] turnpike.

The 1842 [[Leeds]] Directory description of Keighley reads, "Its parish had no dependent townships though it is about {{convert|6|mi|km|0|disp=sqbr|spell=in}} long and {{convert|4|mi|km|0|disp=sqbr|spell=in}} broad, and comprises {{convert|10160|acre|ha|-1|disp=sqbr|abbr=on}} of land (including a peaty moor of about {{convert|2000|acres|sigfig=1|abbr=on|disp=or}}) and a population which amounted, in the year 1801, to 5,745."

==== Christopher Ingham ====
Utley Cemetery contains the grave of Christopher Ingham, a veteran of the conflict against [[Napoleon]]. He was a member of the [[Duke of Wellington]]'s elite 95th Rifle Regiment and fought in ten battles against the French in [[Spain]], [[France]] and [[Belgium]], including the [[Peninsular War|Spanish Peninsula War]] and the [[Battle of Waterloo]], for which he was awarded several medals, including the Peninsula Medal. He died in 1866. Some local historians believe Mr Ingham's heroism may have inspired the author [[Bernard Cornwell]]'s saga about Major [[Richard Sharpe (fictional character)|Richard Sharpe]].<ref>{{cite news |date=7 November 2003 |title=Woman pays tribute to Sharpe hero |work=[[Telegraph & Argus]] |url=http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/news/8007768.Woman_pays_tribute_to__Sharpe__hero/ |access-date=7 December 2017}}</ref> The TV series episode ''[[Sharpe's Justice]]'', which focuses on the roots of the title character, is set in and around Keighley.

=== Hindenburg parcel ===
On 22 May 1936, the [[Zeppelin]] [[Hindenburg-class airship|Hindenburg]] crossed Yorkshire in a diversion of her normal route between the United States and Germany.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 March 2016 |title=The Day The Hindenburg Visited Yorkshire |url=http://yorkshireairmuseum.org/journal/hindenburg-over-keighley-yortkshire/ |access-date=1 November 2016 |website=Yorkshire Air Museum}}</ref> As the airship passed over the town, a parcel was dropped and landed in the High Street, where two boys, Jack Gerrard and Alfred Butler, picked it up. The parcel contained a bunch of carnations, a small silver and jet crucifix, some postage stamps, a picture postcard and some Hindenburg notepaper.<ref>{{cite news |date=12 February 2015 |title=Keighley schoolchildren to make film about Hindenburg visit before Second World War |work=Keighley News |url=http://www.keighleynews.co.uk/news/11790502.Keighley_schoolchildren_to_make_film_about_Hindenburg_visit_before_Second_World_War/ |access-date=1 November 2016}}</ref>

The note was written by [[Paul Schulte|John P Schulte]], who called himself the first flying priest. The note requested that the carnations and crucifix be placed on the grave of his brother, Lieutenant Franz Schulte, who had died of [[Spanish flu]], during the deadly [[influenza]] pandemic of 1918, as a [[Prisoner of War]] at Raikeswood Prisoner of War Camp, Skipton, originally built as a training camp for the Bradford Pals, in 1915. Schulte was, at that time, buried at Morton Cemetery, {{convert|2|mi|km|0|abbr=off|spell=on}} east of Keighley (though the letter stated that he was buried at Skipton, which was incorrect).<ref>{{cite news |date=14 July 2014 |title=Riddlesden man made famous by crucifix-find dies aged 89 |work=Telegraph & Argus |url=http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/news/11339428.Riddlesden_man_made_famous_by_crucifix_find_dies_aged_89/ |access-date=1 November 2016}}</ref>

{{Blockquote
 |title = Hindenburg note, 22 May 1936
 |text = To the finder of this letter. Please deposit these flowers and the cross on the grave of my dear brother, Lieutenant Franz Schulte, I. Garde Regt zu Fuss. Prisoner of War in Skipton Cemetery in Keighley near Leeds. Many thanks for your kindness, John P Schulte, the first flying priest. N.B. Please accept the stamps and picture as a small souvenir from me. God bless you!<ref name=":Zep">{{cite book |last=Dewhirst |first=Ian |title=A History of Keighley |date=1974 |publisher=Tempus |location=Keighley |page=135 |chapter=10 |oclc=41722645}}</ref>
}}

The carnations were placed on the grave and the two boys kept the postage stamps and the postcard. The crucifix was placed in St Anne's Church to avoid it being stolen.<ref name=":Zep" />