Editing July 15 (section)

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
*[[484 BC]] &ndash; Dedication of the [[Temple of Castor and Pollux]] in [[ancient Rome]]
*[[AD 70|70]] &ndash; [[First Jewish–Roman War]]: [[Titus]] and his armies [[Siege of Jerusalem (AD 70)|breach the walls of Jerusalem]]. ([[17th of Tammuz]] in the Hebrew calendar).
* [[756]] &ndash; [[An Lushan Rebellion]]: [[Emperor Xuanzong of Tang]] is ordered by his [[Imperial Guards (Tang dynasty)|Imperial Guards]] to execute chancellor [[Yang Guozhong]] by forcing him to commit suicide or face a mutiny. General [[An Lushan]] has other members of the emperor's family killed.
*[[1099]] &ndash; [[First Crusade]]: Christian soldiers take the [[Church of the Holy Sepulchre]] in [[Jerusalem]] after the final assault of [[Siege of Jerusalem (1099)|a difficult siege]].
*[[1149]] &ndash; The reconstructed [[Church of the Holy Sepulchre]] is consecrated in [[Jerusalem]].
*[[1207]] &ndash; King [[John, King of England|John of England]] expels [[Canterbury]] monks for supporting [[Archbishop of Canterbury|Archbishop]] [[Stephen Langton]].
*[[1240]] &ndash; [[Swedish–Novgorodian Wars]]: A [[Veliky Novgorod|Novgorod]]ian army led by [[Alexander Nevsky]] defeats the [[Sweden|Swedes]] in the [[Battle of the Neva]].
*[[1381]] &ndash; [[John Ball (priest)|John Ball]], a leader in the [[Peasants' Revolt]], is [[hanged, drawn and quartered]] in the presence of King [[Richard II of England]].
*[[1410]] &ndash; [[Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War]]: [[Battle of Grunwald]]: The allied forces of the [[History of Poland during the Jagiellonian dynasty|Kingdom of Poland]] and the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] defeat the army of the [[Teutonic Knights|Teutonic Order]].
*[[1482]] &ndash; [[Muhammad XII of Granada|Muhammad XII]] is crowned the twenty-second and last [[Nasrid dynasty|Nasrid]] king of [[Emirate of Granada|Granada]].

===1601–1900===
*[[1640]] &ndash; The first university of Finland, the [[Royal Academy of Turku]], is inaugurated in [[Turku]].<ref>Simo Tuomola, Simo: ''Abo – Suomen metropoli: 1600-luku Turussa'', p. 46. (in Finnish)</ref><ref>[http://www.halvi.helsinki.fi/museo/yliopiston_historia/kuninkaallinen_turun_akatemia.htm Kuninkaallinen Turun akatemia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110173152/http://www.halvi.helsinki.fi/museo/yliopiston_historia/kuninkaallinen_turun_akatemia.htm |date=2020-11-10 }} – Arppeanum (in Finnish)</ref>
*[[1738]] &ndash; Baruch Laibov and Alexander Voznitzin are burned alive in [[St. Petersburg]], Russia. Vonitzin had converted to Judaism with Laibov's help, with the consent of [[Emperor of All Russia|Empress]] [[Anna of Russia|Anna Ivanovna]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/2580-baruch-leibov| title = BARUCH LEIBOV - JewishEncyclopedia.com}}</ref>
*[[1741]] &ndash; [[Aleksei Chirikov]] sights land in [[Southeast Alaska]]. He sends men ashore in a longboat, making them the first Europeans to visit [[Alaska]].
*[[1789]] &ndash; [[French Revolution]]: [[Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette]], is named by acclamation [[Colonel General]] of the new [[National Guard (France)|National Guard]] of Paris.
*[[1799]] &ndash; The [[Rosetta Stone]] is found in the [[Egypt]]ian village of [[Rosetta]] by French [[Captain (armed forces)|Captain]] [[Pierre-François Bouchard]] during [[Napoleon]]'s [[French campaign in Egypt and Syria|Egyptian Campaign]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Everything you ever wanted to know about the Rosetta Stone |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/blog/everything-you-ever-wanted-know-about-rosetta-stone |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=British Museum (www.britishmuseum.org) |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1806]] &ndash; [[Pike Expedition]]: [[United States Army]] [[Lieutenant]] [[Zebulon Pike]] begins an expedition from [[Fort Bellefontaine]] near [[St. Louis, Missouri]],  to explore the west.
*[[1815]] &ndash; [[Napoleonic Wars]]: [[Napoleon Bonaparte]] surrenders aboard {{HMS|Bellerophon|1786|6}}.
*[[1823]] &ndash; A fire destroys the ancient [[Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls]] in Rome, Italy.
*[[1834]] &ndash; The [[Spanish Inquisition]] is officially disbanded after nearly 356 years.
*[[1838]] &ndash; [[Ralph Waldo Emerson]] delivers the [[Divinity School Address]] at [[Harvard Divinity School]], discounting [[Biblical miracles]] and declaring [[Jesus]] a great man, but not God. The [[Protestantism in the United States|Protestant]] community reacts with outrage.
*[[1849]] &ndash; The first [[airstrike|air raid]] in history occurs; Austria launches pilotless balloons against the city of [[Venice]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://airminded.org/2009/08/22/the-first-air-bomb-venice-15-july-1849/|author=Brett Holman|title=The first air bomb: Venice, 15 July 1849|publisher=Airminded|date=22 August 2009|access-date=21 August 2023}}</ref>
*[[1862]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]]: The [[CSS Arkansas|CSS ''Arkansas'']], the most effective [[Ironclad warship|ironclad]] on the [[Mississippi River]], battles with [[Union Navy]] ships commanded by Admiral [[David Farragut]], severely damaging three ships and sustaining heavy damage herself.
*[[1870]] &ndash; [[Reconstruction Era of the United States]]: [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] becomes the last of the former [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] states to be readmitted to the [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]].
*  1870   &ndash; [[Canadian Confederation]]: [[Rupert's Land]] and the [[North-Western Territory]] are transferred to Canada from the [[Hudson's Bay Company]], and the province of [[Manitoba]] and the [[Northwest Territories]] are established from these vast territories.
*[[1888]] &ndash; The [[stratovolcano]] [[Mount Bandai]] [[1888 eruption of Mount Bandai|erupts]], killing approximately 500 people in [[Fukushima Prefecture]], Japan.

===1901–present===
*[[1910]] &ndash; In his book ''Clinical Psychiatry'', [[Emil Kraepelin]] gives a name to [[Alzheimer's disease]], naming it after his colleague [[Alois Alzheimer]].
*[[1916]] &ndash; In [[Seattle|Seattle, Washington]], [[William Boeing]] and [[George Conrad Westervelt]] incorporate Pacific Aero Products (later renamed [[Boeing]]).
*[[1918]] &ndash; [[World War I]]: The [[Second Battle of the Marne]] begins near the [[Marne (river)|River Marne]] with a German attack.
*[[1920]] &ndash; [[Aftermath of World War I]]: The [[Parliament of Poland]] establishes [[Silesian Voivodeship (1920–39)|Silesian Voivodeship]] before the [[Upper Silesia plebiscite|Polish-German plebiscite]].
*[[1922]] &ndash; The [[Japanese Communist Party]] is established in Japan. 
*[[1927]] &ndash; [[July Revolt of 1927|Massacre of July 15, 1927]]: Eighty-nine protesters are killed by Austrian police in [[Vienna]].
*[[1941]] &ndash; [[The Holocaust]]: [[Nazi Germany]] begins the deportation of 100,000 Jews from the [[Netherlands in World War II|occupied Netherlands]] to [[extermination camp]]s.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Holocaust and World War II: Key Dates|url=https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/the-holocaust-and-world-war-ii-key-dates|access-date=2022-01-17|website=encyclopedia.ushmm.org|language=en}}</ref>
*[[1946]] &ndash; The [[North Borneo|State of North Borneo]], now [[Sabah]], [[Malaysia]], is annexed by the [[United Kingdom]].
*[[1954]] &ndash; The [[Boeing 367-80]], the prototype for both the [[Boeing 707]] and [[Boeing C-135 Stratolifter|C-135]] series, takes its first flight.
*[[1955]] &ndash; Eighteen [[Nobel Prize|Nobel laureate]]s sign the [[Mainau Declaration]] against [[nuclear weapon]]s, later co-signed by thirty-four others.
*[[1966]] &ndash; [[Vietnam War]]: The United States and South Vietnam begin [[Operation Hastings]] to push the North Vietnamese out of the [[Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone]].
*[[1971]] &ndash; The [[United Red Army]] is founded in Japan.
*[[1974]] &ndash; In [[Nicosia]], [[Cyprus]], [[Greek military junta of 1967–74|Greek junta]]-sponsored nationalists launch a [[coup d'état]], deposing President [[Makarios III|Makarios]] and installing [[Nikos Sampson]] as [[Cyprus|Cypriot]] [[President (government title)|president]].
*[[1975]] &ndash; [[Space Race]]: [[Apollo–Soyuz Test Project]] features the dual launch of an [[Apollo program|Apollo spacecraft]] and a [[Soyuz (spacecraft)|Soyuz spacecraft]] on the first  Soviet-United States human-crewed flight. It was the last launch of both an Apollo spacecraft, and the [[Saturn (rocket family)|Saturn family of rockets]].
*[[1979]] &ndash; U.S. [[President of the United States|President]] [[Jimmy Carter]] gives his "[[malaise speech]]".
*[[1983]] &ndash; An [[1983 Orly Airport attack|attack]] at [[Orly Airport]] in [[Paris]] is launched by [[Armenia]]n militant organisation [[Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia|ASALA]], leaving eight people dead and 55 injured.
*  1983   &ndash; Nintendo released the [[Nintendo Entertainment System|Famicom]] in Japan.<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |date=July 15, 2016 |title=This day in history: Nintendo releases the NES |url=https://abc7.com/nintendo-video-games-history-super-mario/1427159/ |work=[[KABC-TV|KABC]] Eyewitness News |access-date=June 9, 2023}}</ref>
*[[1996]] &ndash; A [[Belgian Air Component|Belgian Air Force]] [[Lockheed C-130 Hercules|C-130 Hercules]] carrying the [[Royal Netherlands Army]] marching band [[1996 Belgian Air Force Hercules accident|crashes]] on landing at [[Eindhoven Airport]].
*[[1998]] &ndash; [[Sri Lankan civil war|Sri Lankan Civil War]]: Sri Lankan Tamil MP [[S. Shanmuganathan (Sri Lankan politician)|S. Shanmuganathan]] is killed by a [[claymore mine]].
*[[2002]] &ndash; "American [[Taliban]]" [[John Walker Lindh]] pleads guilty to supplying aid to the enemy and possession of explosives during the commission of a [[felony]].
*  2002   &ndash; The [[Anti Terrorism Court of Pakistan|Anti-Terrorism Court]] of [[Pakistan]] sentences British born [[Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh]] to death, and three others suspected of murdering ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' reporter [[Daniel Pearl]] to life.
*[[2003]] &ndash; [[Time Warner|AOL Time Warner]] disbands [[Netscape]]. The [[Mozilla Foundation]] is established on the same day.
*[[2006]] &ndash; [[Twitter]], later one of the largest [[social media]] platforms in the world, is launched.
*[[2009]] &ndash; [[Caspian Airlines Flight 7908]] crashes near [[Jannatabad, Qazvin]], Iran, killing 168.<ref name="ASN">{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Tupolev Tu-154M EP-CPG Qazvin |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20090715-0 |access-date=2022-07-13 |website=aviation-safety.net |publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]}}</ref>
*2009   &ndash; [[Space Shuttle program]]: [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']] is launched on [[STS-127]] to complete assembly of the [[International Space Station]]'s [[Kibō (ISS module)|Kibō module]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Bergin |first=Chris |date=July 15, 2009 |title=''Endeavour'' launches on sixth attempt to start STS-127 – UCCAS status |url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2009/07/live-sts-127-preparing-for-launch-attempt-6-uccas-status/ |access-date=July 18, 2009 |publisher=[[NASAspaceflight.com]]}}</ref>
*[[2012]] &ndash; South Korean rapper [[Psy]] releases his hit single ''[[Gangnam Style]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Star2.com|title=Remember when Psy released 'Gangnam Style' & started a global craze?|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/lifestyle/entertainment/2018/07/25/flashback-psy-gangnam-style|access-date=2021-07-27|website=The Star|language=en}}</ref>
*[[2014]] &ndash; A [[2014 Moscow Metro derailment|train derails]] on the [[Moscow Metro]], killing at least 24 and injuring more than 160 others.
*[[2016]] &ndash; Factions of the [[Turkish Armed Forces]] attempt [[2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt|a coup]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Hansen |first1=Suzy |title=Turkey's Earthquake Election |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2023/05/15/turkeys-earthquake-election |access-date=11 May 2023 |magazine=The New Yorker |volume=99 |issue=12 |date=8 May 2023 |page=53 |url-access=subscription |issn=0028-792X}}</ref>
*[[2018]] &ndash; [[France national football team|France]] win their second [[FIFA World Cup|World Cup]] title, defeating [[Croatia national football team|Croatia]] [[2018 FIFA World Cup final|4–2]].<ref>[https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/07/world-cup-2018-france-croatia-set-to-rehash-rivalry-in-grand-finale/ World Cup 2018: France, Croatia set to rehash rivalry in grand finale]</ref>