Editing Julius Müller (theologian) (section)

==Biography==
He was born at Brieg (now [[Brzeg]], Poland) and studied at [[Breslau]], [[university of Göttingen|Göttingen]] and [[university of Berlin|Berlin]] – first law, which he later abandoned for theology. From 1825 to 1831, he was in charge of several small parishes. In 1831, he was second university preacher at [[Göttingen University]], and lectured on practical theology and pedagogics. In 1834, he became professor extraordinarius of theology there. From 1835 to 1839 he was professor in [[University of Marburg|Marburg]]. In 1839 he became professor ordinarius of theology at the [[University of Halle]], where he remained for the rest of his life. He died at [[Halle, Saxony-Anhalt|Halle]].

A disciple of Neander and friend of [[Richard Rothe]], Müller bitterly opposed the philosophy of [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|G. W. F. Hegel]] and the criticism of [[Ferdinand Christian Baur|F. C. Baur]]. His book, ''Über den Gegensatz des Protestantismus und das Catholicismus'' (''On the Opposition of Protestantism and Catholicism'', 1833), called forth a reply from Baur, and he was one of those who attacked [[David Strauss]]'s ''Life of Jesus''.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=962}}

In 1846, he had been deputed to attend the General Evangelical Synod at Berlin. Here he supported the Consensus-Union and afterwards defended himself in the pamphlets ''Die erste Generalsynode der evangelische Landeskirche Preussens'' (1847) and ''Die evangelische Union, ihr Wesen und göttliches Recht'' (1854). In 1848 he helped to found the ''Deutsch-Evangelische Kirchentag'', and two years later founded and edited (1850–1861), with [[August Neander]] and [[Karl Immanuel Nitzsch|Karl Nitzsch]], the ''Deutsche Zeitschrift für christliche Wissenschaft und christliches Leben''.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|pp=962–963}}

His chief work, however, was ''Die christliche Lehre der Sünde'' (''The Christian Teaching of Sin'', 2 volumes, 1839; 5th edition, 1867; English translation from 5th edition), in which he went so far as "to revive the ancient [[Gnostic]] theory of the [[meta-historical fall|fall of man before all time]], a theory which found no favour amongst his theological friends."<ref>{{cite book |last=Otto |first=Pfleiderer |title=The Development of Theology: In Germany Since Kant and Its Progress in Great Britain Since 1825 |date=1890 |publisher=S. Sonnenschein |location=London, UK |page=124 |translator-last1=Smith |translator-first1=John Frederick |quote=In Julius Müller the scholasticism was carried so far as to revive the ancient Gnostic theory of the fall of man before all time, a theory which found no favour amongst his theological friends.}}</ref> Müller's other works include ''Dogmatische Abhandlungen'' (1870), and ''Das christliche Leben'' (3rd edition, 1847).{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=963}}