Editing Juggling (section)

==Etymology==
[[Image:3-ball cascade movie.gif|right|thumb|Animation of [[Cascade (juggling)|3 ball cascade]] (also known as a [[Siteswap]] 3)]]
The words ''juggling'' and ''juggler'' derive from the [[Middle English]] ''jogelen'' ("to entertain by [[legerdemain|performing tricks]]"), which in turn is from the [[Old French]] ''[[wikt:jangler|jangler]]''. There is also the [[Late Latin]] form ''joculare'' of [[Latin]] ''joculari'', meaning "to jest".<ref>Oxford English Dictionary, Second Edition, 1989: ''juggling'' entry.{{full citation needed|date=March 2014}}</ref> Although the etymology of the terms ''juggler'' and ''juggling'' in the sense of manipulating objects for entertainment originates as far back as the 11th century, the current sense of ''to juggle'', meaning "to continually toss objects in the air and catch them", originates from the late 19th century.<ref name="Oxford"/><ref>{{cite book
|first=Samuel
|last=Rid
|author-link=Samuel Rid
|year=1612
|publisher=Project Gutenberg
|url=http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/12343
|title=The Art of Iugling or Legerdemaine}}</ref>

From the 12th to the 17th century, ''juggling'' and ''juggler'' were the terms most consistently used to describe acts of [[Magic (illusion)|magic]], though some have called the term ''juggling'' a [[lexicographic]]al nightmare, stating that it is one of the least understood relating to magic. In the 21st century, the term ''juggling'' usually refers to [[toss juggling]], where objects are continuously thrown into the air and caught again, repeating in a rhythmical pattern.<ref name="Oxford">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20130116190433/http://oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/juggle Juggle]", ''OxfordDictionaries.com''.</ref><ref>"[http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/juggle Juggle]", ''Merriam-Webster.com''.</ref><ref>(1983). ''American Heritage Dictionary''. Cited in Ernest (2011), p.1.<!--ibid--></ref>

According to James Ernest in his book ''Contact Juggling'', most people will describe juggling as "throwing and catching things"; however, a juggler might describe the act as "a visually complex or physically challenging feat using one or more objects".<ref>Ernest, James (2011). ''Contact Juggling'', p.1. {{ISBN|9781591000273}}.</ref> David Levinson and Karen Christensen describe juggling as "the sport of tossing and catching or manipulating objects [...] keeping them in constant motion".<ref>Crego, Robert (2003). ''Sports and Games of the 18th and 19th Centuries'', p.16. {{ISBN|9780313316104}}.</ref> "Juggling, like [[musical technique|music]], combines abstract patterns and [[mind-body coordination]] in a pleasing way."<ref>Borwein, Jonathan M.; ed. (1997). ''Organic Mathematics'', p.134. American Mathematical Soc. {{ISBN|9780821806685}}.</ref>