Editing Journalist (section)

==Roles==
Journalists can work in broadcast, print, advertising, or public relations personnel. Depending on the form of journalism, "journalist" may also describe various categories of people by the roles they play in the process. These include [[reporters]], [[correspondents]], [[citizen journalist]]s, [[Editorial board|editors]], [[Editorial board|editorial writers]], [[columnist]]s, and [[photojournalist]]s.

A '''reporter''' is a type of journalist who [[research]]es, writes and reports on information in order to present using [[source (journalism)|sources]]. This may entail conducting [[interview]]s, information-gathering and/or writing articles. Reporters may split their time between working in a [[newsroom]], from home or outside to witness events or interview people. Reporters may be assigned a specific [[Beat reporting|beat]] (area of coverage).

[[Matthew Nisbet|Matthew C. Nisbet]], who has written on [[science communication]],<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.environmentmagazine.org/Archives/Back+Issues/March-April+2009/Nisbet-full.html |journal=[[Environment Magazine]] |title=Communicating Climate Change: Why Frames Matter for Public Engagement |first=Matthew C. |last=Nisbet |publisher=[[Heldref Publications]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703075520/http://www.environmentmagazine.org/Archives/Back+Issues/March-April+2009/Nisbet-full.html |archive-date=3 July 2018 |agency=[[Taylor & Francis Group]] |access-date=9 March 2019 |date=March–April 2009}}</ref> has defined a "knowledge journalist" as a [[public intellectual]] who, like [[Walter Lippmann]], [[Fareed Zakaria]], [[Naomi Klein]], [[Michael Pollan]],  and [[Andrew Revkin]], sees their role as researching complicated issues of fact or science which most [[laymen]] would not have the time or access to [[information]] to research themselves, then communicating an accurate and understandable version to the public as a teacher and policy advisor.{{blockquote|In his best-known books, ''Public Opinion'' (1922) and ''The Phantom Public'' (1925), Lippmann argued that most people lacked the capacity, time and motivation to follow and analyze news of the many complex policy questions that troubled society. Nor did they often experience most social problems or directly access expert insights. These limitations were made worse by a news media that tended to oversimplify issues and to reinforce [[stereotypes]], partisan viewpoints and [[prejudices]]. As a consequence, Lippmann believed that the public needed journalists like himself who could serve as expert analysts, guiding "citizens to a deeper understanding of what was really important".<ref name="Knowledge journalist">{{cite web |title=Nature's Prophet: Bill McKibben as Journalist, Public Intellectual and Activist |url=http://shorensteincenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/D-78-Nisbet1.pdf |work=Discussion Paper Series #D-78 |publisher=[[Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy]], School of Communication and the Center for Social Media [[American University]] |access-date=8 March 2013 |first=Matthew C. |last=Nisbet |page=7 |date=March 2013}}</ref>}}

In 2018, the [[United States Department of Labor|United States Department of Labor's]] Occupational Outlook Handbook reported that employment for the category "reporters, correspondents and broadcast news analysts" will decline 9 percent between 2016 and 2026.<ref>{{cite news |last=Talton |first=Jon |url=https://www.seattletimes.com/business/economy/occupational-outlook-where-the-big-bucks-are-and-arent/ |title=Occupational outlook: Where the big bucks are – and aren't |newspaper=[[The Seattle Times]] |date=31 January 2018 |access-date=1 February 2018}}</ref>