Editing Joseph Stiglitz (section)

==Life and career==
{{Macroeconomics sidebar}}
Stiglitz was born in [[Gary, Indiana]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Interview with Professor Joseph Stiglitz |last=Kern |first=Jamie |date=18 September 2003 |url=https://www8.gsb.columbia.edu/socialenterprise/newsn/423/interview-with-professor-joseph-stiglitz |website=Columbia Business School |publisher=The Tamer Center for Social Enterprise|language=en|archive-date=26 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226042447/https://www8.gsb.columbia.edu/socialenterprise/newsn/423/interview-with-professor-joseph-stiglitz|url-status=dead}}</ref> into a [[Jews|Jewish]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stiglitz's tweet about his heritage |url=https://twitter.com/josephestiglitz/status/854468488064364544 |access-date=2023-03-28 |website=Twitter |language=en}}</ref> family. His mother was Charlotte (née Fishman), a schoolteacher, and his father was Nathaniel David Stiglitz, an insurance salesman.<ref>{{Cite book | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=7bYRAQAAMAAJ&q=Charlotte+Nathaniel+Stiglitz | title = International Who's who of Authors and Writers | year = 2008| isbn = 9781857434286 | last1 = Publications | first1 = Europa Europa | publisher = Routledge }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Stiglitz, Joseph E. 1943– (Joseph Eugene Stiglitz) | url = http://www.encyclopedia.com/article-1G2-3231900130/stiglitz-joseph-e-1943.html | website = encyclopedia.com | publisher = [[Cengage Learning]] }}</ref> Stiglitz attended [[Amherst College]], where he was a [[National Merit Scholarship Program|National Merit Scholar]], active on the debate team, and president of the student government.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=Eight to receive honorary degrees|url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2014/05/eight-to-receive-honorary-degrees/|date=2014-05-29|website=Harvard Gazette|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-31}}</ref> During his senior year at Amherst College, he studied at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] (MIT), where he later pursued graduate work.<ref name=":5" /> In Summer 1965, he moved to the [[University of Chicago]] to do research under [[Hirofumi Uzawa]] who had received an [[National Science Foundation|NSF]] grant.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Aoki |first1=Masahiko |title=Transboundary Game of Life: Memoir of Masahiko Aoki |year=2018 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-9811327575 |page=59}}</ref> He studied for his PhD from MIT from 1966 to 1967, during which time he also held an MIT assistant professorship.<ref name=":6">{{Cite book|last=Bowmaker|first=Simon W.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CFuxDwAAQBAJ&q=joseph+stiglitz+studied+for+his+PhD+from+MIT+from+1966+to+1967,+during+which+time+he+also+held+an+MIT+assistant+professorship&pg=PA281|title=When the President Calls: Conversations with Economic Policymakers|date=2019-09-20|publisher=MIT Press|isbn=978-0-262-35552-0|language=en}}</ref> Stiglitz stated that the particular style of MIT economics suited him well, describing it as "simple and concrete models, directed at answering important and relevant questions."<ref name="NOBEL1"/>

From 1966 to 1970 he was a research fellow at the [[University of Cambridge]].<ref name=":6" /> Stiglitz initially arrived at [[Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge]] as a [[Fulbright Scholar]] in 1965, and he later won a Tapp Junior Research Fellowship at [[Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge]] which was instrumental in shaping his understanding of [[Keynes]] and [[Macroeconomics|macroeconomic theory]].<ref name="Optima1">{{cite web|url=http://www.fitz.cam.ac.uk/mi-client/media/import/documents/Optima8.pdf |title=A shilling in the meter and a penny for your thoughts ... An Interview with Professor Joseph E Stiglitz |year=2005 |publisher=Optima |access-date=April 27, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111014034802/http://www.fitz.cam.ac.uk/mi-client/media/import/documents/Optima8.pdf |archive-date=October 14, 2011 }}</ref>  In subsequent years, he held academic positions at [[Yale]], [[Stanford University|Stanford]], [[Oxford University|Oxford]]—where he was [[Drummond Professor of Political Economy]]—and [[Princeton University|Princeton]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Stiglitz |first=Joseph |title=CV |url=http://www2.gsb.columbia.edu/faculty/jstiglitz/download/Stiglitz_CV.pdf |publisher=[[Columbia University]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513134138/http://www2.gsb.columbia.edu/faculty/jstiglitz/download/Stiglitz_CV.pdf |archive-date=2011-05-13 }}</ref> Since 2001, Stiglitz has been a professor at [[Columbia University]], with appointments at the [[Columbia Business School|Business School]], the Department of Economics and the [[School of International and Public Affairs]] (SIPA), and is an editor of ''[[The Economists' Voice]]'' journal with [[J. Bradford DeLong]] and [[Aaron Edlin]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Uchitelle|first=Louis|date=2001-07-21|title=Columbia University Hires Star Economist|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/07/21/business/columbia-university-hires-star-economist.html|access-date=2020-05-31|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

He teaches classes for a double-degree program between [[Sciences Po Paris]] and [[École Polytechnique]] in Economics and Public Policy.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kattan |first1=Emmanuel |title=The Year of Joseph Stiglitz, From New York to Paris |url=https://news.columbia.edu/news/joseph-stiglitz-paris-economics-nobel |access-date=27 June 2024 |work=Columbia News |date=3 December 2019}}</ref> He has chaired the [[Brooks World Poverty Institute]] at the [[University of Manchester]] since 2005.<ref>{{cite web | title = Staff: Professor Joseph E Stiglitz | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070112171724/http://www.bwpi.manchester.ac.uk/aboutus/staff/index.html | archive-date = 12 January 2007 | url = http://www.bwpi.manchester.ac.uk/aboutus/staff/index.html | website = manchester.ac.uk | publisher = [[University of Manchester]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Master Economics and Public Policy | url = http://www.sciences-po.fr/formation/master_scpo/mentions/economics/index.htm | archive-url = http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20091015173458/http://www.sciences-po.fr/formation/master_scpo/mentions/economics/index.htm | url-status = dead | archive-date = 2009-10-15 | website = sciences-po.fr | publisher = Edudier à Sciences Po }}</ref> Stiglitz is widely considered a [[New Keynesian economics|New-Keynesian]] economist,<ref>Bruce C. Greenwald & Joseph E. Stiglitz: ''Keynesian, New Keynesian and New Classical Economics.'' Oxford Economics Papers, 39, March 1987, pp. 119–33. ([http://www2.gsb.columbia.edu/faculty/jstiglitz/download/papers/1987_Keynesian_New_Keynesian_and_New_Classical_Economics.pdf PDF; 1,62 MB])  {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513135341/http://www2.gsb.columbia.edu/faculty/jstiglitz/download/papers/1987_Keynesian_New_Keynesian_and_New_Classical_Economics.pdf |date=2011-05-13 }}</ref><ref>Bruce C. Greenwald & Joseph E. Stiglitz: ''Examining Alternative Macroeconomic Theories.'' Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, No. 1, 1988, pp. 201–70. ([http://www2.gsb.columbia.edu/faculty/jstiglitz/download/papers/1988_Examining_Alternative_Macroeconomic_Theories.pdf PDF; 5.50 MB])  {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513134227/http://www2.gsb.columbia.edu/faculty/jstiglitz/download/papers/1988_Examining_Alternative_Macroeconomic_Theories.pdf |date=2011-05-13 }}</ref> although at least one economics journalist says his work cannot be so clearly categorized.<ref name='NoahSmith'>{{cite news |last=Smith |first=Noah |date=13 January 2017 |title=Tribal warfare in economics a thing of the past |newspaper=The Australian Financial Review |publisher=Fairfax Media |agency=[[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg]] |quote=Look on the Wikipedia pages of economists Joseph Stiglitz and Greg Mankiw or any of a number of prominent economists. On the sidebar on the right, you'll see an entry for "school or tradition". Both Stiglitz and Mankiw are listed as "New Keynesian". That makes absolutely no sense whatsoever. Stiglitz and Mankiw's research is in totally different areas. Stiglitz did work on asymmetric information, efficiency wages, land taxes and a host of other microeconomic phenomena ... Nor are their policy positions even remotely similar – Stiglitz is a hero to the left, while Mankiw is a small-government conservative. In fact, Mankiw did important research on some models called "New Keynesian". Stiglitz did not.}}</ref>

Stiglitz has played a number of policy roles throughout his career. He served in the [[Bill Clinton|Clinton administration]] as the chair of the President's [[Council of Economic Advisers]] (1995–1997).<ref name=":6" /> At the [[World Bank]], he served as a senior vice-president and the chief economist from 1997 to 2000.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Joe Stiglitz and the IMF have warmed to each other|newspaper=The Economist|url=https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/2020/04/08/joe-stiglitz-and-the-imf-have-warmed-to-each-other|access-date=2020-05-31|issn=0013-0613}}</ref> He was fired by the World Bank for expressing dissent with its policies.<ref>{{cite web|author=Greg Palast |url=http://www.gregpalast.com/the-globalizer-who-came-in-from-the-cold/ |title=multi-day interview with Greg Palast |publisher=Gregpalast.com |date=October 10, 2001 |access-date=October 29, 2013}}</ref> Stiglitz has advised American president [[Barack Obama]], but has criticized the [[Obama Administration]]'s financial-industry rescue plan.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Kakutani|first=Michiko|date=2010-01-18|title=Skepticism for Obama's Fiscal Policy (Published 2010)|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/19/books/19book.html|access-date=2021-02-17|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> He said whoever designed the Obama administration's bank rescue plan is "either in the pocket of the banks or they're incompetent."<ref>{{Cite news |date=April 17, 2009 |title=Stiglitz Says Ties to Wall Street Doom Bank Rescue |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=afYsmJyngAXQ&refer=home |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090501005430/http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=afYsmJyngAXQ&refer=home |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 1, 2009 |access-date=April 18, 2009 |work=Bloomberg News}}</ref>

In October 2008, he was asked by the President of the United Nations General Assembly to chair a commission drafting a report on the reasons for and solutions to the [[2008 financial crisis]].<ref>{{cite web|title= Commission of Experts of the President of the UN General Assembly on Reforms of the International Monetary and Financial System |url= https://www.un.org/ga/president/63/commission/background.shtml | website = un.org | publisher = United Nations }}</ref> In response, the commission produced the [[Stiglitz Report]].

On July 25, 2011, Stiglitz participated in the "I Forro Social del 15M" organized in [[Madrid]], expressing his support to the [[2011 Spanish protests|15M Movement]] protestors.<ref name="15M SPEECH" />

Stiglitz was the president of the International Economic Association from 2011 to 2014.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iea-world.com/general_info.php |title=International Economic Association (IEA) |publisher=Iea-world.com |access-date=October 29, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130518131322/http://www.iea-world.com/general_info.php |archive-date=May 18, 2013 }}</ref>

On September 27, 2015, the United Kingdom Labour Party announced that Stiglitz was to sit on its Economic Advisory Committee along with five other world-leading economists.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2015-09-27|title=U.K. Labour Names Stiglitz, Piketty to Economic Advisory Panel|language=en|work=Bloomberg.com|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-09-27/u-k-labour-names-stiglitz-piketty-to-economic-advisory-panel|access-date=2021-10-04}}</ref>

Singer serves on the Executive Advisory Board of the [[World.minds|World.Minds]] Foundation, contributing to global ethical discussions on science, society, and responsibility.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Team – WORLD.MINDS |url=https://www.worldminds.org/team/ |access-date=2025-05-15 |language=en}}</ref>