Editing Joseph Lister (section)

==Early life==
Lister was born to a prosperous, educated [[Quaker]] family in the village of [[Upton House, Newham|Upton]], then near but now in [[London]],{{sfn|Cope|1967}} England. He was the fourth child and second son of four sons and three daughters{{sfn|Cameron|1949|pp=21–22}} born to gentleman scientist and [[wine]] merchant [[Joseph Jackson Lister]] and school assistant Isabella Lister née Harris.{{sfn|Godlee|1924|p=5}}{{sfn|Fitzharris|2018|p=20}} The couple married in a ceremony held in [[Ackworth, West Yorkshire]] on 14 July 1818.{{sfn|Cameron|1949|p=20}}

Lister's paternal great-great-grandfather, Thomas Lister was the last of several generations of farmers who lived in [[Bingley]] in [[West Yorkshire]].{{sfn|Cameron|1949|p=18}} Lister joined the Society of Friends as a young man and passed his beliefs on to his son, Joseph Lister.{{sfn|Cameron|1949|p=18}} He moved to London in 1720 to open a tobacconist's shop{{sfn|Cameron|1949|p=18}} in [[Aldersgate|Aldersgate Street]] in the [[City of London]].{{sfn|Godlee|1924|p=1}} His son, John Lister, was born there. Lister's grandfather was apprenticed to watchmaker Isaac Rogers,{{sfn|Goody|1973|p=55}} in 1752 and followed that trade on his own account in Bell Alley, [[Lombard Street, London|Lombard Street]] from 1759 to 1766. He then took over his father's tobacco business,{{sfn|Cameron|1949|p=18}} but gave it up in 1769 in favour of working at his father-in-law Stephen Jackson's business as a wine-merchant at No 28 Old Wine and Brandy Values on [[Lothbury]] Street, opposite Tokenhouse Yard.{{sfn|Cameron|1949|p=19}}

His father was a pioneer in the design of [[achromatic lens|achromatic]] object<!--should this say objective? --> lenses for use in [[compound microscope]]s{{sfn|Cope|1967}} He spent 30 years perfecting the microscope, and in the process, discovered the Law of [[Aplanatic Foci]],{{sfn|Lister|1893|p=347}} building a microscope where the image point of one lens coincided with the focal point of another.{{sfn|Cope|1967}} Up until that time, the best higher magnification lenses produced an excessive secondary aberration known as a [[coma (optics)|coma]], which interfered with normal use.{{sfn|Cope|1967}} It was considered a major advance that elevated [[histology]] into an independent science.{{sfn|Davidson|2011}} By 1832, Lister's work had built a reputation sufficient to enable his being elected to the [[Royal Society]].{{sfn|Clark|1920}}{{sfn|Chapman|2016|p=376}} His mother, Isabella, was the youngest daughter of [[master mariner]] Anthony Harris.{{sfn|Godlee|1924|p=4}} Isabella worked at the [[Ackworth School]], a Quaker school for the poor, assisting her widowed mother, the [[superintendent (education)|superintendent]] of the school.{{sfn|Godlee|1924|p=4}}

{{multiple image
| header            = Parents
| align             = center
| direction         = horizontal
| total_width       = 300
| float             = none
| image1            = Isabella Lister.jpg
| caption1          = Isabella Harris {{circa|1839}}
| alt1              = Photo of Josephs's mother, Isabella Harris, in 1839
| image2            = Joseph Jackson Lister.jpg
| caption2          = Joseph Jackson Lister
| alt2              = Photo of Josephs's father, Joseph Jackson Lister
}}

The eldest daughter of the couple was Mary Lister. On 21 August 1851, she married the barrister Rickman Godlee{{sfn|Plarr's|2006}} of [[Lincoln's Inn]] and the [[Middle Temple]], who belonged to the [[Friends meeting house]] in [[Plaistow, Newham|Plaistow]].{{sfn|The Court Magazine and Monthly Critic|1845|p=11}} The couple had six children. Their second child was [[Rickman Godlee]], a [[neurosurgeon]] who became Professor of Clinical Surgery at the [[University College Hospital]]{{sfn|Plarr's|2006}} and surgeon to [[Queen Victoria]]. He became Lister's biographer in 1917.{{sfn|Plarr's|2006}} The eldest son of Joseph and Isabella Lister was John Lister, who died of a painful brain tumour.{{sfn|Dormandy|2004|p=262}} With John's death, Joseph became the heir of the family.{{sfn|Dormandy|2004|p=262}} The couple's second daughter was Isabella Sophia Lister, who married Irish Quaker Thomas Pim{{sfn|Shaun|2009}} in 1848. Lister's other brother William Henry Lister died after a long illness.{{sfn|Cameron|1949|pp=21–22}} The youngest son was [[Arthur Lister]], a wine merchant, [[botanist]] and lifelong Quaker, who studied [[Mycetozoa]]. He worked alongside his daughter [[Gulielma Lister]] to produce the standard monograph on Mycetozoa. By 1898, Lister's work had built a reputation sufficient to enable his election to the [[Royal Society]].{{sfn|Nature|1908}} Gulielma Lister, a talented artist, later updated the standard monograph with colour drawings. Her work built a reputation sufficient to be elected a fellow of the [[Linnean Society]] in 1904. She becoming its vice-president in 1929.{{sfn|Ogilvie|Harvey|2003|p=93}} The couple's last child was Jane Lister; she married widower Smith Harrison, a wholesale tea merchant.{{sfn|Beck|Wells|Chalkley|1888|p=331}}

After their marriage, the Listers lived at 5 Tokenhouse Yard in [[Central London]] for three years until 1822, where they ran a [[port wine]] business in partnership with Thomas Barton Beck.{{sfn|Gardner-Thorpe|2001|p=9}}
Beck was the grandfather of the professor of surgery and proponent of the [[germ theory of disease]], [[Marcus Beck]],{{sfn|Plarr's|2008}} who would later promote Lister's discoveries in his fight to introduce antiseptics.{{sfn|Sakula|1985}} In 1822, Lister's family moved to Stoke Newington.{{sfn|Godlee|1924|p=7}} In 1826, the family moved to [[Upton House, Newham|Upton House]], a long low [[Queen Anne style architecture|Queen Anne style]] mansion{{sfn|Godlee|1924|p=7}} that came with 69 acres of land.{{sfn|Wrench|1913|p=23}} It had been rebuilt in 1731, to suit the style of the period.{{sfn|Powell|1973|pp=50-57}}

{{multiple image
| header            = Early homes
| align             = center
| direction         = horizontal
| total_width       = 300
| float             = none
| image1            = Upton_House_Drawing_by_Mary_Lister.png
| caption1          = Upton House. The watercolour was created by his older sister, Mary Joseph.
| alt1              = Upton House
}}