Editing John Searle (section)

==Biography==
[[File:John Searle speaking at Google 1.jpg|thumb|190px|John Searle speaking at Google, 2015]]
Searle's father, G. W. Searle, an [[electrical engineer]], was employed by [[AT&T Corporation]]; his mother, Hester Beck Searle, was a [[physician]].<ref name=":0" />

Searle began his college education at the [[University of Wisconsin–Madison]]. In his junior year, he became a [[Rhodes Scholarship|Rhodes Scholar]] at the [[University of Oxford]], where he obtained all his university degrees, BA, MA, and DPhil.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=John Searle {{!}} Biography, Philosophy, & Facts|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Searle|access-date=2021-10-14|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}}</ref>

Searle was the Willis S. and Marion Slusser Professor Emeritus of the Philosophy of Mind and Language and Professor of the Graduate School at the [[University of California, Berkeley]]; even though he retired in 2014, he continued teaching until 2016.{{Citation needed|date=February 2022}} In June 2019, the emeritus title was revoked.<ref name="HarrPolViol"/>

===Politics===
While an undergraduate at the [[University of Wisconsin–Madison]], Searle became the secretary of "Students against [[Joseph McCarthy]]".<ref name="ditext.com">{{Cite book|chapter-url=http://www.ditext.com/searle/campus/1.html|chapter=The Anatomy of Student Revolts|title=The Campus War|first= John R.|last=Searle|year=1971|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230527154127/http://www.ditext.com/searle/campus/1.html|archive-date=2023-05-27|via=Digital Text International|access-date=2024-11-14}}</ref> McCarthy at that time served as the [[Seniority in the United States Senate|junior senator]] from [[Wisconsin]]. In 1959, Searle began teaching at Berkeley, and he was the first tenured professor to join the 1964–65 [[Free Speech Movement]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://socrates.berkeley.edu/~jsearle/Free+Speech+Movement-1.htm |title=Socrates and Berkeley Scholars Web Hosting Services Have Been Retired – Web Platform Services |website=socrates.berkeley.edu|date=January 2, 2018 }}</ref> In 1969, while serving as chairman of the Academic Freedom Committee of the Academic Senate of the University of California,<ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=http://www.ditext.com/searle/campus/4.html|title=The Campus War|chapter=The Faculty|first=John R.|last=Searle|year=1971|via=Digital Text International|access-date=2024-11-14|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404073222/http://www.ditext.com/searle/campus/4.html|archive-date=2023-04-04}}</ref> he supported the university in its dispute with students over the [[People's Park (Berkeley)|People's Park]].

In ''The Campus War: A Sympathetic Look at the University in Agony'' (1971),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ditext.com/searle/campus/campus.html |title=The Campus War |access-date=2012-03-24}}</ref> Searle investigates the causes behind the campus protests of the era. In it he declares, "I have been attacked by both the [[House Un-American Activities Committee]] and...several radical polemicists... Stylistically, the attacks are interestingly similar. Both rely heavily on insinuation and innuendo, and both display a hatred --one might almost say terror-- of close analysis and dissection of argument." He asserts that "My wife was threatened that I (and other members of the administration) would be [[assassination|assassinated]] or violently attacked."<ref name="ditext.com" />

In the late 1980s, Searle, along with other landlords, petitioned Berkeley's rental board to raise the limits on how much he could charge tenants under the city's 1980 [[Rent control in the United States|rent-stabilization ordinance]].<ref>See ''Searle v. City of Berkeley Rent Stabilization Bd.'' (1988) 197 Cal.App.3d 1251, 1253 [243 Cal.Rptr. 449]</ref> The rental board refused to consider Searle's petition and Searle filed suit, charging a violation of due process. In 1990, in what came to be known as the "Searle Decision", the California Supreme Court upheld Searle's argument in part and Berkeley changed its rent-control policy, leading to large rent-increases between 1991 and 1994. Searle was reported to see the issue as one of fundamental rights, being quoted as saying "The treatment of landlords in Berkeley is comparable to the treatment of blacks in the South... our rights have been massively violated and we are here to correct that injustice."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.berkeleydailyplanet.com/issue/2004-12-14/article/20296?headline=Letters-to-the-Editor |title=Letters to the Editor. Category: Features from The Berkeley Daily Planet |date=December 14, 2004 |work=Berkeley Daily Planet |access-date=April 21, 2017}}</ref> The court described the debate as a "morass of political invective, ad hominem attack, and policy argument".<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/nlr/vol77/iss4/5|title=Whatever Happened to Landlord-Tenant Law?|first=Gerald|last=Korngold|date=January 1, 1998|journal=Nebraska Law Review|volume=77|issue=4}}</ref>

Shortly after the [[September 11 attacks]], Searle wrote an article arguing that the attacks were a particular event in a long-term struggle against forces that are intractably opposed to the United States, and signaled support for a more aggressive [[Neoconservatism|neoconservative]] [[Interventionism (politics)|interventionist]] [[foreign policy]]. He called for the realization that the United States is in a more-or-less permanent [[war|state of war]] with these forces. Moreover, a probable course of action would be to deny [[terrorist]]s the use of foreign territory from which to stage their attacks. Finally, he alluded to the long-term nature of the conflict and blamed the attacks on the lack of American resolve to deal forcefully with America's enemies over the past several decades.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~jsearle/pdf/terrorism.pdf |title=Terror.doc |access-date=2009-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080515215424/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~jsearle/pdf/terrorism.pdf |archive-date=2008-05-15 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Sexual assault allegations===
<!-- Out of concerns for the privacy of living persons, specific details about the victims of Searle's sexual assaults may be removed. See [[WP:BLP]]. -->

In March 2017, Searle became the subject of [[sexual assault]] allegations. The ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' reported: "A new lawsuit alleges that university officials failed to properly respond to complaints that John Searle ... sexually assaulted his ... research associate last July and cut her pay when she rejected his advances."<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.latimes.com/local/education/la-essential-education-updates-southern-lawuit-alleges-a-uc-berkeley-philosophy-1490299535-htmlstory.html |last=Watanabe |first=Tessa |title=Lawsuit alleges that a UC Berkeley professor sexually assaulted his researcher and cut her pay when she rejected him |work=Los Angeles Times |date=March 23, 2017 |access-date=March 28, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.eastbaytimes.com/2017/03/23/berkeley-renowned-philosopher-john-searle-accused-of-sexual-assault-and-harassment-by-former-cal-aide |last=Fraley |first=Malaika |title=Berkeley: Renowned philosopher John Searle accused of sexual assault and harassment at UC Berkeley |work=East Bay Times |date=March 23, 2017 |access-date=March 28, 2017}}</ref> The case brought to light several earlier complaints against Searle, on which Berkeley allegedly had failed to act.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/katiejmbaker/john-searle-complaints-uc-berkeley |last=Baker |first=Katie J.M. |title=UC Berkeley Was Warned About Its Star Professor Years Before Sexual Harassment Lawsuit |work=BuzzFeedNews |date=April 7, 2017 |access-date=April 8, 2017}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2017-03-23|title=Berkeley: Renowned philosopher John Searle accused of sexual assault and harassment at UC Berkeley|url=https://www.eastbaytimes.com/2017/03/23/berkeley-renowned-philosopher-john-searle-accused-of-sexual-assault-and-harassment-by-former-cal-aide/|access-date=2022-02-24|website=East Bay Times|language=en-US}}</ref>

The lawsuit, filed in a California court on March 21, 2017, alleged sexual harassment, retaliation, wrongful termination and assault and battery and sought damages both from Searle and from the [[Regents of the University of California]] as his employers.<ref name="BuzzFeed" /> It also claims that Jennifer Hudin, the director of the John Searle Center for Social Ontology, where the complainant had been employed as an assistant to Searle, has stated that Searle "has had sexual relationships with his students and others in the past in exchange for academic, monetary or other benefits".<ref name="BuzzFeed">{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Katie J.M. |date=March 23, 2017 |title=A Former Student Says UC Berkeley's Star Philosophy Professor Groped Her And Watched Porn At Work |work=BuzzFeedNews |url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/katiejmbaker/famous-philosophy-professor-accused-sexual-harassment |access-date=March 28, 2017}} Contains facsimile of the suit.<!--which is why BuzzFeed, not normally relied on by WP, is cited--></ref> After news of the lawsuit became public, several previous allegations of sexual harassment and assault by Searle were also revealed.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.insidehighered.com/quicktakes/2017/04/10/earlier-complaints-professor-accused-harassment |work=[[Inside Higher Ed]] |title=Earlier Complaints on Professor Accused of Harassment |first=Emily |last=Tate |date=April 10, 2017}}</ref>

On June 19, 2019, following campus disciplinary proceedings by Berkeley's Office for the Prevention of Harassment and Discrimination (OPHD), University of California President [[Janet Napolitano]] approved a recommendation that Searle have his emeritus status revoked, after a determination that he had violated university policies against sexual harassment and retaliation between July and September 2016.<ref name="HarrPolViol">{{cite news |last=Weinberg |first=Justin |date=June 21, 2019 |title=Searle Found to Have Violated Sexual Harassment Policies |work=Daily Nous |url=http://dailynous.com/2019/06/21/searle-found-violated-sexual-harassment-policies/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190621142444/http://dailynous.com/2019/06/21/searle-found-violated-sexual-harassment-policies/ |archive-date=June 21, 2019 |access-date=June 21, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Awards and recognitions===
Searle has five honorary-doctorate degrees from four countries and is an honorary visiting professor at [[Tsing Hua University]] and at [[East China Normal University]].

In 2000, Searle received the [[Jean Nicod Prize]];<ref name="cnrs.fr" /> in 2004, the [[National Humanities Medal]];<ref name="auto" /> and in 2006, the [[Mind & Brain Prize]].