Editing Joachim Barrande (section)

==Life and career==
[[File:Joachim Barrande01.jpg|thumb|Plate from "Système silurien du centre de la Bohême"|left]]

Barrande was born on the family estate at [[Saugues]], [[Haute Loire]], and he was educated in the [[École Polytechnique]] and [[École des ponts ParisTech|École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées]] at [[Paris]]. He attended the lectures of [[Georges Cuvier]], [[Alexandre Brongniart|Brongniart]], [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Jussieu]], [[Constant Prévost|Prevost]], [[Étienne Serres|Serres]], [[Jean Victor Audouin|Auduoin]], and [[Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville|de Blainville]]. He received the training of an [[engineer]] and was initially appointed engineer at Decize where he built an acqueduct over the Loire. While living in Decize he was introduced to [[Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême|Louis-Antoine de Bourbon, duke d'Angoulême]] and he was then appointed tutor to family of the duc de Bordeaux (afterwards known as the [[comte de Chambord]]), grandson of [[Charles X of France|Charles X]]. He set up a laboratory for their education at Tuileries that was later destroyed. When the king abdicated in 1830, Barrande accompanied the royal exiles to [[England]] and [[Scotland]], and afterwards to [[Prague]]. Settling in that city in 1831, he became occupied in engineering works, and his attention was then attracted to the fossils from the Lower [[Palaeozoic]] rocks of [[Bohemia]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Garnier |first=Jean-Paul |date=1961 |title=Un Français a Prague: Joachim Barrande |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44589871 |journal=Revue des Deux Mondes (1829-1971) |pages=228–241 |jstor=44589871 |issn=0035-1962}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Koliha |first=Jan |date=1934 |title=Joachim Barrande and his Palæontological Work |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/133437a0 |journal=Nature |language=en |volume=133 |issue=3360 |pages=437–438 |doi=10.1038/133437a0 |bibcode=1934Natur.133..437K |issn=0028-0836}}</ref> He began to build up a collection at his home Kleinseite No. 419, Chotekgasse. He also had a house in Paris. Apart from French, he mastered English, German and Czech.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1883 |title=Joachim Barrande |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25138750 |journal=Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences |volume=19 |pages=539–545 |jstor=25138750 |issn=0199-9818}}</ref>

The publication in 1839 of ''Murchison's [[Silurian]] System'' incited Barrande to carry on systematic researches on the equivalent strata in [[Bohemia]]. For ten years (1840–1850) he made a detailed study of these rocks, engaging workmen specially to collect fossils, and in this way he obtained upwards of 3500 species of [[graptolite]]s, [[brachiopoda]], [[mollusca]], [[trilobite]]s and [[fish]]es. The first volume of his great work, ''Système silurien du centre de la Bohême'' (dealing with trilobites, several genera, including ''[[Deiphon]]'', which he personally described), appeared in 1852; and from that date until 1881, he issued twenty-one quarto volumes of text and plates. Two other volumes were issued after his death in 1887 and 1894. It is estimated that he spent nearly £10,000 on these works. In addition he published a large number of separate papers.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Taylor |first=Andrew |date=1885 |title=Obituary notice of Joachim Barrande |url=https://www.lyellcollection.org/doi/abs/10.1144/transed.5.1.29 |journal=Transactions of the Edinburgh Geological Society |language=en |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=29–33 |doi=10.1144/transed.5.1.29 |issn=0371-6260}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Lardeux, Hubert |year=1999 |title=Joachim Barrande and the Paleontology of Paleozoic in Anjou (Armorican Massif) |url=http://www.jgeosci.org/content/JCGS1999_3-4__lardeaux.pdf |journal=Journal of the Czech Geological Society |volume=44 |issue=3–4 |pages=327–328}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |date=1883 |title=Joachim Barrande. I., His Life |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1758929 |journal=Science |volume=2 |issue=43 |pages=699–701 |doi=10.1126/science.ns-2.43.699 |jstor=1758929 |bibcode=1883Sci.....2..699. |issn=0036-8075}}</ref>

In recognition of his important researches the [[Geological Society of London]] in 1857 awarded to him the [[Wollaston medal]]. In 1862, he was elected as a member to the [[American Philosophical Society]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=APS Member History|url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?year=1862;year-max=1862;smode=advanced;startDoc=21|access-date=2021-04-20|website=search.amphilsoc.org}}</ref> In 1870, he was elected a foreign member of the [[Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences]]. He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] in 1875.<ref name="AAAS">{{cite web|title=Book of Members, 1780-2010: Chapter B|url=http://www.amacad.org/publications/BookofMembers/ChapterB.pdf|publisher=American Academy of Arts and Sciences|access-date=17 May 2011}}</ref>

Barrande died at [[Frohsdorf]] on 5 October 1883 after suffering from a lung infection.<ref name=":1" /> His extensive collection has been stored in National Museum in Prague on grounds of his testament.<ref name=":0" />

In 1884 the Silurian strata at Kuchelbad was named as Barrande rock and a slab with his name was placed on it. This was done by [[Antonín Frič|Anton Fritsch]] and other Czech scientists.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=December 1883 |title=I.—Sketch of the Life of Joachim Barrande, of Prague |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0016756800167196/type/journal_article |journal=Geological Magazine |language=en |volume=10 |issue=12 |pages=529–533 |doi=10.1017/S0016756800167196 |bibcode=1883GeoM...10..529. |issn=0016-7568}}</ref> On 24 February 1928, a district of [[Prague]], ''[[Barrandov]]'', was named after him.