Editing Jackson County, North Carolina (section)

==History==
This area was part of Cherokee Nation homelands at the time of European encounter. Cullowhee was one of several historic Cherokee towns that had developed along the [[Tuckasegee River]], which has its headwaters here and runs into Swain County to the north. Like several other Cherokee towns in the region, Cullowhee was centered around a single earthwork [[platform mound]], known as Cullowhee Mound, built by ancestral peoples. It is estimated to have been built about 1000 CE, by people during the period of the [[South Appalachian Mississippian culture]]. Archeological excavations have revealed evidence of indigenous peoples here since 3000 BCE.

While most Cherokee were forced out of the area through succeeding treaties for land cessions, followed by [[Indian Removal|removal]] to [[Indian Territory]] in the late 1830s, hundreds of Cherokee stayed in [[Western North Carolina]]. Their descendants form most of the federally recognized [[Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians]] (EBCI), the only tribe in the state to have this status. They are based on [[Qualla Boundary]], which is located in Swain and Jackson counties. Their citizens make up most of the more than ten percent of people in Jackson County who identify as Native American on the US census.

===Mid-19th century to present===
The European-American population increased slowly in this isolated, mountainous area of the state. Jackson County was not organized until 1851, when it was created from parts of [[Haywood County, North Carolina|Haywood]] and [[Macon County, North Carolina|Macon]] counties. It was named for [[Andrew Jackson]], [[President of the United States]] from 1829 to 1837, who promoted Indian Removal from the Southeast in order to allow development by European Americans.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ | title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States | publisher=Govt. Print. Off. | author=Gannett, Henry | year=1905 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n166 167]}}</ref> The original county courts were held at the home of Dan Bryson in Beta, Scott Creek township. They were moved to Webster the following year.

In 1861 parts of Jackson and [[Henderson County, North Carolina|Henderson]] counties were combined to form [[Transylvania County, North Carolina|Transylvania County]]. In 1871 parts of Jackson and [[Macon County, North Carolina|Macon]] counties were combined to form [[Swain County, North Carolina|Swain County]]. In 1913 [[Sylva, North Carolina|Sylva]] was designated by the legislature as the county seat of Jackson County.

In the 1880s, mining companies began to mine for [[kaolin]], used to produce porcelain. [[Charles Joseph Harris]] (11 Sep 1853–14 Feb 1944) moved here from [[Denver, Colorado]] about 1888 and became important to development of the county and Western North Carolina from the late 19th century into the 20th century. He eventually established his own mining companies, and shipped kaolin to [[Trenton, New Jersey]], among other places, which was a major manufacturing center. He also acquired tens of thousands of acres of woodland and established lumber businesses. His two sons, David Rust and Robert Ward Harris, joined him in these family businesses.<ref>{{cite web |date=August 29, 2022 |title=Harris, Charles Joseph &#124; NCpedia |url=https://www.ncpedia.org/biography/harris-charles-joseph |access-date=August 29, 2022 |website=NCpedia.org}}</ref>