Editing Id, ego and superego (section)

==History and translation of the terms==
The terms "id", "ego", and "superego" are not Freud's own; they are Latinizations by his translator [[James Strachey]]. Freud himself wrote of "''[[wikt:das#German|das]] [[wikt:Es#German|Es]]''",<ref name="Es">{{cite book |first1=Jean |last1=Laplanche |first2=Jean-Bertrand |last2=Pontalis |author-link1=Jean Laplanche |author-link2=Jean-Bertrand Pontalis |chapter=Id |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RptYDwAAQBAJ&q=%22Id+%3D+D.\+Es%22&pg=PT363 |title=The Language of Psychoanalysis |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RptYDwAAQBAJ |publisher=[[Routledge]] |location=[[Abingdon-on-Thames]] |year=2018 |orig-date=1973 |isbn=978-0-429-92124-7}}</ref> "''das [[wikt:Ich|Ich]]''",<ref name="Ich">Laplanche, Jean; Pontalis, Jean-Bertrand (2018) [1973]. "[https://books.google.com/books?id=RptYDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT243 Ego]".</ref>  and "''das [[wikt:über-|Über-]]Ich''"<ref name="Über-Ich">Laplanche, Jean; Pontalis, Jean-Bertrand (2018) [1973]. "[https://books.google.com/books?&id=RptYDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT780 Super-Ego]".</ref>—respectively, "the It", "the I", and "the Over-I". Thus, to the German reader, Freud's original terms are to some degree self-explanatory. The term "''das Es''" was originally used by [[Georg Groddeck]], a physician whose unconventional ideas were of interest to Freud (Groddeck's translators render the term in English as "the It").<ref name="Groddeck">Original German: {{cite book |last=Groddeck |first=Georg |author-link=Georg Groddeck |title=Das Buch vom Es. Psychoanalytische Briefe an eine Freundin |url=https://archive.org/details/Groddeck_1923_Das_Buch_vom_Es_k |publisher=Internationaler Psychoanalytischer Verlag |location=[[Vienna]] |year=1923|language=de}}<br/>English translation: {{cite book |last=Groddeck |first=Georg |author-mask=3 |title=The Book of the It: Psychoanalytic Letters to a Friend |url=https://archive.org/details/b29815101 |year=1928 |place=New York / Washington |publisher=Nervous and Mental Disease Publishing Company}}</ref> The word ''[[wikt:ego|ego]]'' is taken directly from [[Latin language|Latin]], where it is the [[nominative]] of the first person singular [[personal pronoun]] and is translated as "I myself" to express emphasis.
Figures like [[Bruno Bettelheim]] have criticised the way "the English translations impeded students' efforts to gain a true understanding of Freud"<ref>Quoted in Neville Symington, ''Narcissism: A New Theory'' (London 1996) p. 10.</ref> by substituting the formalised language of the [[Basil Bernstein|elaborated code]] for the quotidian immediacy of Freud's own language.