Editing Icarus (section)

== The legend ==
[[File:Gaziantep Zeugma Museum Daedalus mosaic 1871.jpg|thumb|left|[[Daedalus]], Icarus, Queen [[Pasiphaë]], and two of her attendants in a [[Roman mosaic]] from [[Zeugma, Commagene]]]]
[[File:At Tenerife 2021 0099.jpg|thumb|left|Ícaro Salvado (''Icarus Saved''), work of Julio Nieto. [[La Matanza de Acentejo]]. [[Tenerife]], [[Spain]]]]
[[File:The Fall of Icarus, fresco from Pompeii, 40-79 AD.png|thumb|''The Fall of Icarus.'' Antique fresco from [[Pompeii]], 40–79 AD|279x279px]]
Icarus's father [[Daedalus]], a very talented [[Athens|Athenian]] craftsman, built a [[Cretan Labyrinth|labyrinth]] for [[Minos|King Minos]] of Crete near his palace at [[Knossos]] to imprison the [[Minotaur]], a half-man, half-bull monster born of his wife and the [[Cretan bull]]. Minos imprisoned Daedalus himself in the labyrinth because he believed Daedalus gave Minos's daughter, [[Ariadne]], a [[wikt:clew|clew]]<!--please do not change this to 'clue'; it's a 'clew,' a ball of string; see wiktionary link--><ref>[[wiktionary:clew|clew]]&nbsp;– a ball of yarn or thread. The etymology of the word "[[wiktionary:clue|clue]]" is a direct reference to this story of the Labyrinth.</ref> (or ball of string) in order to help [[Theseus]] escape the labyrinth and defeat the Minotaur.
[[File:Pompeya Villa Imperiale 08.jpg|thumb|A fresco in [[Pompeii]] depicting Daedalus and Icarus, 1st century|264x264px]]

[[File:Herbert Draper - The Lament for Icarus - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|''[[The Lament for Icarus]]'' (1898) by [[Herbert James Draper|H. J. Draper]]]]
Daedalus fashioned two pairs of wings for himself and his son, made of metal feathers held to a leather frame by beeswax. Before trying to escape the island, he warned his son to follow his flight path and not fly too close to the sun or the sea. Overcome by giddiness while flying, Icarus disobeyed his father and soared higher into the sky. Without warning, the heat from the sun softened (and melted) the wax. Icarus could feel melted wax dripping down his arms. The feathers then fell one by one. Icarus kept flapping his "wings", trying to stay aloft. But he realized that he had no feathers left. He was only flapping his bare arms. He also saw loose feathers falling like snowflakes. Finally, he fell into the sea, sank to the bottom, and drowned. Daedalus wept for his son and called the nearest land [[Icaria]] (an island southwest of [[Samos]]) in the memory of him.

Today, the supposed site of his burial on the island bears his name, and the sea near Icaria in which he drowned is called the [[Icarian Sea]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Robert|last=Graves|author-link=Robert Graves|year=1955|title=[[The Greek Myths]]|chapter=92&nbsp;– Daedalus and Talus|publisher=Penguin Books |isbn=0-14-007602-6}}</ref><ref>[[Thomas Bullfinch]] - The Age of Fable Stories of Gods and Heroes [http://www.kundaliniawakeningsystems1.com/downloads/thomas-bulfinchs-mythology-age-of-fable-vols1&2.pdf ''KundaliniAwakeningSystem.com''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124162013/http://www.kundaliniawakeningsystems1.com/downloads/thomas-bulfinchs-mythology-age-of-fable-vols1%262.pdf |date=24 January 2013 }} & The Internet Classics Archive by Daniel C. Stevenson : Ovid – [http://classics.mit.edu/Ovid/metam.8.eighth.html Metamorphoses – Book VIII] + Translated by [[Rolfe Humphries]] – [http://www.dl.ket.org/humanities/literature/litpacket/metamorphoses.htm KET Distance Learning] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614120213/http://www.dl.ket.org/humanities/literature/litpacket/metamorphoses.htm |date=14 June 2012 }} 24 January 2012.</ref><ref>Translated by [[A. S. Kline]] – [[University of Virginia Library]][http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/latin/ovid/trans/Metamorph8.htm#_Toc482327661/ .edu] Retrieved 3 July 2005.</ref> With much grief, Daedalus went to the temple of Apollo in Sicily, hung up his own wings as an offering, and promised to never attempt to fly again.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Icarus and Daedalus.Pdf |url=https://docslib.org/doc/4909738/icarus-and-daedalus-pdf |access-date=28 November 2022 |website=Docslib}}</ref> According to [[scholia]] on [[Euripides]], Icarus thought himself greater than [[Helios]], the [[Sun]] himself, and the god punished him by directing his powerful rays at him, melting the beeswax. Afterwards, it was Helios who named the Icarian Sea after Icarus.<ref>{{cite book | title = Preliminary Studies On the Scholia to Euripides | first1 = Donald J. | last1 = Mastronarde | date = 2017 | location = Berkeley, California | publisher = California Classical Studies | url = https://escholarship.org/content/qt5p2939zc/qt5p2939zc_noSplash_e32bfabd1126d088150b59583c6c9c38.pdf | isbn = 9781939926104 | pages = 149–150}}</ref>

Hellenistic writers give [[euhemerism|euhemerising]] variants in which the escape from Crete was actually by boat, provided by [[Pasiphaë]], for which Daedalus invented the first sails, to outstrip Minos's pursuing [[galley]]s, that Icarus fell overboard en route to [[Sicily]] and drowned, and that [[Heracles]] erected a tomb for him.<ref>{{cite book|editor=Smith, William|title=A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology|year=1867 |url=https://archive.org/details/DictionaryOfGreekAndRomanBiographyAndMythology}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last = Pinsent|first=J.|year=1982|title=Greek Mythology|location=New York|publisher=Peter Bedrick Books|isbn=0-600-55023-0}}</ref>