Editing IBM Electric (section)

==History==
The IBM Electromatic typewriter was the first [[Typewriter|electric typewriter]] to enjoy long-term commercial success. Unlike the later [[IBM Selectric]] typewriter, this typewriter model used a conventional moving carriage and [[typebar]] mechanism.

The history of the Electromatic goes back to 1924, when the North East Electric Company received [[Patent|patent rights]] for the power roller from James Smathers. At that time, the company was selling [[electric motor]]s, and wanted to get into the [[typewriter]] business. They reached an arrangement with [[Remington Rand|Remington]], securing a contract for 2,500 machines in 1925. N. E. Electric manufactured the motor and power-roller base. The typewriter portion was made by Remington, based on its model Number 12.<ref>{{Cite web |title=IBM Electromatic Typewriter |url=https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/nmah_1064590 |access-date=2024-07-18 |website=National Museum of American History |language=en}}</ref> Remington had to do little more than attach its typewriter to the base.

All the units manufactured sold quickly and Remington wanted to continue the relationship. According to Darryl Rehr, in his 1997 book, "Antique Typewriters & Office Collectibles", Remington claimed, "... they could sell as many as N.E. Electric could produce."<ref>{{cite book |title= Antique Typewriters & Office Collectibles |last= Rehr |first= Darryl |year= 1997 |publisher= Collector Books |isbn= 978-0-89145-757-2 }}</ref> The insistence of N.E. Electric on a [[contract]], however, came at a time when Remington was unable to make such a commitment, so the Remington Electric went out of production.

The N. E. Electric Company then developed and produced the Electromatic, placing it on the market in 1929. After passing through the hands of [[General Motors]], it became The Electromatic Typewriter Co.

[[File:IBM 632.JPG|thumb|[[IBM 632]] Accounting Machine with a modified, wide-carriage IBM Electric typewriter used as a printer]]
IBM acquired the assets of Electromatic Typewriters, Inc., of Rochester, N.Y. in 1933 and invested $1 million in redesigning their product and setting up service centers. The new IBM's Model 01 was introduced in 1935 and became the first successful electric typewriter in the U.S., according to IBM.<ref name="milestones" /> Major model introductions included:

{| class="wikitable"
!Picture
! Model !! Year
!Ref
|- align="center"
|[[File:IBM Electric Model 1.jpg|150px]]
| IBM Model 01 || 1935
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2003-01-23 |title=IBM Archives: IBM Model 01 electric typewriter |url=https://www.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/vintage/vintage_4506VV2240.html |access-date=2023-05-01 |website=[[IBM]] |language=en-US}}</ref>
|- align="center"
|
| IBM Model A || 1949
|
|- align="center"
|[[File:IBM Model B typewriter (1).jpg|150px]]
| IBM Model B || 1954
|
|- align="center"
|[[File:IBM Model C Executive (1).jpg|150px]]
| IBM Model C || 1959
|
|- align="center"
|[[File:IBM Model D Executive (1) (cropped).jpg|150px]]
| IBM Model D || 1967
|
|}

In the 1950s, modified standard versions of the A, B, and C models were used as console typewriters or terminals on many early computers (e.g., [[JOHNNIAC]], [[IBM 1620]], [[PDP-1]]). The [[IBM Selectric typewriter]], introduced in 1961, was easier to interface to a computer and was favored in new designs, such as the [[IBM 1130]] computer and the [[IBM 1050]] terminal.
[[File:IBM model B typewriter, made 1957. National Museum of Scotland.jpg|thumb|Executive electric typewriter with bold-face type and dull grey crackle finish. IBM Model B, 1957. National Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh.]]