Jump to content
Main menu
Main menu
move to sidebar
hide
Navigation
Main page
Recent changes
Random page
Help about MediaWiki
Special pages
Niidae Wiki
Search
Search
Appearance
Create account
Log in
Personal tools
Create account
Log in
Pages for logged out editors
learn more
Contributions
Talk
Editing
IBM 7090
(section)
Page
Discussion
English
Read
Edit
View history
Tools
Tools
move to sidebar
hide
Actions
Read
Edit
View history
General
What links here
Related changes
Page information
Appearance
move to sidebar
hide
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
==Development and naming== Although the 709 was a superior machine to its predecessor, the 704, it was being built and sold at the time that transistor circuitry was supplanting vacuum tube circuits. Hence, IBM redeployed its 709 engineering group to the design of a transistorized successor. That project became called the 709-T (for ''transistorized''), which because of the sound when spoken, quickly shifted to the nomenclature 7090 (i.e., seven - oh - ninety). Similarly, the related machines such as the 7070 and other 7000 series equipment were sometimes called by names of digit - digit - decade (e.g., seven - oh - seventy).{{citation needed|date=May 2013}} ===IBM 7094=== {| class="infobox" style="font-size:88%;width:34em;" |+ IBM 7094 registers |- | {| style="font-size:88%;width:100%;" |- |colspan="15" | '''Data registers''' |- | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | S | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | Q | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | P | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | <sup>1</sup> | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | <sup>2</sup> | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | <sup>3</sup> | style="width:75px; text-align:center"| ... | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | <sup>17</sup> | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | <sup>18</sup> | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | <sup>19</sup> | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | <sup>20</sup> | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | <sup>21</sup> | style="width:40px; text-align:center"| ... | style="width:10px; text-align:center"| <sup>35</sup> | style="width:auto; background:white; color:black" | ''(bit position)'' |- style="background:silver;color:black" | style="text-align:center;" colspan="14"| Accumulator | style="background:white; color:black" | AC |- style="background:silver;color:black" | style="text-align:center;" colspan="1"| S | style="text-align:center;background:white;" colspan="2" | | style="text-align:center;" colspan="11"| Multiplier/Quotient | style="background:white; color:black" | MQ |- | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | <sup>0</sup> | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | <sup>1</sup> | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | <sup>2</sup> | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | <sup>3</sup> | style="width:75px; text-align:center"| ... | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | <sup>17</sup> | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | <sup>18</sup> | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | <sup>19</sup> | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | <sup>20</sup> | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | <sup>21</sup> | style="width:40px; text-align:center"| ... | style="width:10px; text-align:center"| <sup>35</sup> | style="width:auto; background:white; color:black" | ''(bit position)'' |- style="background:silver;color:black" | style="text-align:center;background:white;" colspan="2" | | style="text-align:center;" colspan="12"| Sense Indicators | style="background:white; color:black" | SI |- |colspan="15" | '''Index registers''' |- | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | <sup>3</sup> | style="width:75px; text-align:center"| ... | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | <sup>17</sup> | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | | style="width:40px; text-align:center"| | style="width:10px; text-align:center"| | style="width:auto; background:white; color:black" | ''(bit position)'' |- style="background:silver;color:black" | style="text-align:center;background:white;" colspan="5" | | style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"| Index Register 1 | style="text-align:center;background:white;" colspan="6" | | style="background:white; color:black" | XR1 (XRA) |- style="background:silver;color:black" | style="text-align:center;background:white;" colspan="5" | | style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"| Index Register 2 | style="text-align:center;background:white;" colspan="6" | | style="background:white; color:black" | XR2 (XRB) |- style="background:silver;color:black" | style="text-align:center;background:white;" colspan="5" | | style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"| Index Register 3 | style="text-align:center;background:white;" colspan="6" | | style="background:white; color:black" | XR3 |- style="background:silver;color:black" | style="text-align:center;background:white;" colspan="5" | | style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"| Index Register 4 | style="text-align:center;background:white;" colspan="6" | | style="background:white; color:black" | XR4 (XRC) |- style="background:silver;color:black" | style="text-align:center;background:white;" colspan="5" | | style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"| Index Register 5 | style="text-align:center;background:white;" colspan="6" | | style="background:white; color:black" | XR5 |- style="background:silver;color:black" | style="text-align:center;background:white;" colspan="5" | | style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"| Index Register 6 | style="text-align:center;background:white;" colspan="6" | | style="background:white; color:black" | XR6 |- style="background:silver;color:black" | style="text-align:center;background:white;" colspan="5" | | style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"| Index Register 7 | style="text-align:center;background:white;" colspan="6" | | style="background:white; color:black" | XR7 |- |colspan="14" | '''Instruction counter''' |- | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | <sup>3</sup> | style="width:75px; text-align:center"| ... | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | <sup>17</sup> | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | | style="width:10px; text-align:left" | | style="width:40px; text-align:center"| | style="width:10px; text-align:center"| | style="width:auto; background:white; color:black" | ''(bit position)'' |- style="background:silver;color:black" | style="text-align:center;background:white;" colspan="5"| | style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"| Instruction Counter | style="text-align:center;background:white;" colspan="6"| | style="background:white; color:black;"| IC |} |} [[File:IBM 7094 console3.agr.jpg|thumb|IBM 7151-2 Console Control Unit for 7094 showing additional index register displays in a distinctive extra box on top. Note "Multiple Tag Mode" light in the top center.]] An upgraded version, the '''IBM 7094''', was first installed in September 1962. It has seven [[index register]]s, instead of three on the earlier machines. The 7151-2 Console Control Unit for the 7094 has a distinctive box on top that displays lights for the four new index registers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.columbia.edu/acis/history/7094.html|title = The IBM 7094}}</ref> The 7094 introduced double-precision floating point and additional [[Instruction set architecture|instructions]], but largely maintained [[backward compatibility]] with the 7090. <!-- If there are incompatibilities, please cite sources. --> Although the 7094 has four more index registers than the 709 and 7090, at power-on time it is in ''multiple tag mode'',<ref name=IBM7094>{{cite manual|url=http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/7094/A22-6703-4_7094_PoO_Oct66.pdf|title=IBM 7094 Principles of Operation|id=A22-6703-4|date=October 21, 1966|publisher=IBM}}</ref>{{rp|8}} compatible with the 709 and 7090, and requires a '''Leave Multiple Tag Mode'''<ref name=IBM7094/>{{rp|56}} instruction in order to enter ''seven index register mode'' and use all seven index registers. In multiple tag mode, when more than one bit is set in the tag field, the contents of the two or three selected index registers are logically [[Bitwise operation#OR|ORed]], not [[Binary number#Addition|added]], together, before the decrement takes place. In seven index register mode, if the three-bit tag field is not zero, it selects just one of seven index registers, however, the program can return to multiple tag mode with the instruction '''Enter Multiple Tag Mode''',<ref name=IBM7094/>{{rp|55}} restoring 7090 compatibility. In April 1964, the first '''7094 II''' was installed, which had almost twice as much general speed as the 7094 due to a faster [[Clock signal|clock cycle]], dual memory banks and improved overlap of instruction execution, an early instance of [[Instruction pipelining|pipelined]] design.<ref>{{cite manual|url=http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/7094/A22-6760_7094model2.pdf|title=IBM 7094 Model II Data Processing System|id=A22-6760|publisher=IBM}}</ref> The IBM 7094 was the first computer to fully sing a song using only synthesizers.{{cn|date=May 2025}} ===IBM 7040/7044=== {{main|IBM 7040}} In 1963, IBM introduced two new, lower cost machines called the [[IBM 7040]] and 7044. They have a 36-bit architecture based on the 7090, but with some instructions omitted or optional, and simplified input/output that allows the use of more modern, higher performance peripherals from the [[IBM 1400 series]]. ===7094/7044 Direct Coupled System=== The '''7094/7044 Direct Coupled System''' (DCS) was initially developed by an IBM customer, the [[Aerospace Corporation]], seeking greater cost efficiency and scheduling flexibility than IBM's IBSYS tape operating system provided. DCS used a less expensive IBM 7044 to handle [[input/output]] (I/O) with the 7094 performing mostly computation. Aerospace developed the Direct Couple operating system, an extension to IBSYS, which was shared with other IBM customers. IBM later introduced the DCS as a product.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.softwarepreservation.org/projects/os/dc.html|title=The Direct Couple for the IBM 7090|last1=Patrick|first1=Robert L.|last2=Van Vranken|first2=Richard K.|publisher=Software Preservation Group, [[Computer History Museum]]|date= February 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title= A directly coupled multiprocessing system |author= E. C. Smith |journal= IBM Systems Journal |date= September–December 1963 |volume= 2 |issue= 3 |pages= 218–229 |doi= 10.1147/sj.23.0218 }}</ref>
Summary:
Please note that all contributions to Niidae Wiki may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here.
You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see
Encyclopedia:Copyrights
for details).
Do not submit copyrighted work without permission!
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)
Search
Search
Editing
IBM 7090
(section)
Add topic
