Editing IBM 704 (section)

==Landmarks==
The programming languages [[Fortran|FORTRAN]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.softwarepreservation.org/projects/FORTRAN/ |title=History of FORTRAN and FORTRAN II |website=Software Preservation Group}}</ref> and [[LISP]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/history/lisp/node2.html |title=LISP prehistory – Summer 1956 through Summer 1958 |website=www-formal.stanford.edu}}</ref> were first developed for the 704, as was the SAP assembler—''[[Symbolic Assembly Program]]'', later distributed by [[SHARE (computing)|SHARE]] as ''SHARE Assembly Program''.

[[MUSIC-N|MUSIC]], the first computer music program, was developed on the IBM&nbsp;704 by [[Max Mathews]].

In 1962, physicist [[John Larry Kelly, Jr.]] created one of the most famous moments in the history of [[Bell Labs]] by using an IBM&nbsp;704 computer to synthesize speech. Kelly's voice recorder synthesizer ''[[vocoder]]'' recreated the song ''[[Daisy Bell]]'', with musical accompaniment from [[Max Mathews]]. [[Arthur C.&nbsp;Clarke]] was coincidentally visiting friend and colleague John Pierce at the Bell Labs Murray Hill facility at the time of this [[speech synthesis]] demonstration, and Clarke was so impressed that six years later he used it in the climactic scene of his novel and screenplay for ''[[2001: A Space Odyssey (film)|2001: A Space Odyssey]]'',<ref name="Arthur C Clarke">{{Cite web |url=http://www.lsi.usp.br/~rbianchi/clarke/ACC.Biography.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19971211154551/http://www.lsi.usp.br/~rbianchi/clarke/ACC.Biography.html |url-status=dead |title=Arthur C. Clarke online Biography |archive-date=December 11, 1997}}</ref> where the ''[[HAL&nbsp;9000]]'' computer sings the same song.<ref name="bell labs hal">{{Cite web |url=http://www.bell-labs.com/news/1997/march/5/2.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140401034716/http://www.bell-labs.com/news/1997/march/5/2.html |url-status=dead |title=Bell Labs: Where "HAL" First Spoke (Bell Labs Speech Synthesis website) |archive-date=April 1, 2014}}</ref> (Bell Laboratories later released a recording, on ten-inch 78-RPM records, of speech and music created this way. It was apparently made with an [[IBM 7090]], the [[solid-state electronics|solid-state]] successor to the 704.){{Citation needed|date=April 2023}}

[[Edward O. Thorp]], a math instructor at MIT, used the IBM&nbsp;704 as a research tool to investigate the probabilities of winning while developing his [[blackjack]] gaming theory.<ref name="Discovery channel">Discovery channel documentary with interviews by Ed and Vivian Thorp</ref><ref name="MIT the Tech">{{Cite journal |first=Jeff |last=Levinger |url=http://tech.mit.edu/archives/VOL_081/TECH_V081_S0000_P001.pdf |journal=The Tech |publisher=Massachusetts Institute of Technology |title=Math Instructor Programs Computor: Thorpe, 704 Beat Blackjack |volume=81 |issue=1 |page=1 |location=Cambridge, MA |date=February 10, 1961 |access-date=May 8, 2009 |archive-date=July 16, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716054438/http://tech.mit.edu/archives/VOL_081/TECH_V081_S0000_P001.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> He used FORTRAN to formulate the equations of his research model.

The IBM 704 at the [[MIT Computation Center]] was used as the official tracker for the [[Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory]] [[Operation Moonwatch]] in the fall of 1957. IBM provided four staff scientists to aid [[Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory]] scientists and mathematicians in the calculation of satellite orbits: Dr.&nbsp; Giampiero Rossoni, Dr.&nbsp;John Greenstadt, Thomas Apple and Richard Hatch. The machine was also a stepping stone for [[Frank Rosenblatt]]; in 1957 he started something really big. He "invented" a [[Perceptron]] program, on the IBM 704 computer at Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory.

The IBM 704 was used for flight dynamics analyses of the [[United States Naval Research Laboratory|NRL]]'s [[Vanguard (rocket)|Vanguard]] rockets. <ref> {{Cite web |url=https://www.scribd.com/document/46133829/The-Vanguard-Satellite-Launching-Vehicle-an-Engineering-Summary |title=Vanguard Satellite Launching Vehicle -- An Engineering Summary}}</ref>

The [[Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory]] (LASL) developed an early [[Resident monitor|monitor]] named ''SLAM'' to enable [[batch processing]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kaisler |first1=Stephen H. |title=First Generation Mainframes: The IBM 700 Series |date=Nov 2018 |publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing |isbn=978-1-5275-0650-3 |page=69 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B9l9DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA69 |access-date=Apr 25, 2019}}</ref>