Editing Hyperglycemia (section)

==Blood glucose level indication==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Condition
!Blood glucose level range
!Measure time
|-
| rowspan="2" |Normal
|between 3.9 mmol/L (70 mg/dL) and 5.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL)<ref name=":5"/>
|Fasting 8 hours
|-
|not exceeding 7.8&nbsp;mmol/L (140&nbsp;mg/dL)<ref name=":5"/>
|Postprandial 2 hours
|-
| rowspan="2" |Relatively high
|between 5.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL) and 6.9 [[blood sugar level#Units|mmol/L]] (125 [[blood sugar level#Units|mg/dL]])<ref name=":5"/>
|Fasting 8 hours
|-
|between 7.8 mmol/L (140 mg/dL) and 10 [[blood sugar level#Units|mmol/L]] (180 [[blood sugar level#Units|mg/dL]])<ref name=":4"/>
|Postprandial 2 hours
|-
| rowspan="2" |Hyperglycemia
|above 6.9 [[blood sugar level#Units|mmol/L]] (125 [[blood sugar level#Units|mg/dL]])<ref name=":5"/>
|Fasting 8 hours
|-
|above 10 mmol/L (180 mg/dL)<ref name=":4"/>
|Postprandial 2 hours
|}

Patients with diabetes are oriented to avoid exceeding the recommended postprandial threshold of 160&nbsp;mg/dL (8.89&nbsp;mmol/L) for optimal glycemic control.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Brand-Miller |first1=Jennie C |last2=Stockmann |first2=Karola |last3=Atkinson |first3=Fiona |last4=Petocz |first4=Peter |last5=Denyer |first5=Gareth |date=January 2009 |title=Glycemic index, postprandial glycemia, and the shape of the curve in healthy subjects: analysis of a database of more than 1000 foods |journal=The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition |language=en |volume=89 |issue=1 |pages=97–105 |pmid=19056599 |doi=10.3945/ajcn.2008.26354 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002916523239131}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceA"/><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Alyass |first1=Akram |last2=Almgren |first2=Peter |last3=Akerlund |first3=Mikael |last4=Dushoff |first4=Jonathan |last5=Isomaa |first5=Bo |last6=Nilsson |first6=Peter |last7=Tuomi |first7=Tiinamaija |last8=Lyssenko |first8=Valeriya |last9=Groop |first9=Leif |last10=Meyre |first10=David |date=January 2015 |title=Modelling of OGTT curve identifies 1 h plasma glucose level as a strong predictor of incident type 2 diabetes: results from two prospective cohorts |journal=Diabetologia |language=en |volume=58 |issue=1 |pages=87–97 |issn=0012-186X |pmid=25292440 |doi=10.1007/s00125-014-3390-x |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00125-014-3390-x}}</ref> Values of blood glucose higher than 160&nbsp;mg/dL are classified as 'very high' hyperglycemia,<ref name="linkinghub.elsevier.com">{{cite journal |last1=Biradar |first1=Rajeshwari A. |last2=Singh |first2=Dharmendra P. |last3=Thakur |first3=Harshad |last4=Halli |first4=Shiva S. |date=July 2020 |title=Gender differences in the risk factors for high and very high blood glucose levels: A study of Kerala |journal=Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews |language=en |volume=14 |issue=4 |pages=627–636 |pmid=32422447 |doi=10.1016/j.dsx.2020.05.001 |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S187140212030120X}}</ref> a condition in which an excessive amount of [[glucose]] (glucotoxicity) circulates in the [[blood plasma]]. These values are higher than the renal threshold of 10&nbsp;mmol/L (180&nbsp;mg/dL) up to which glucose reabsorption is preserved at physiological rates<ref name="Ralph A 2020"/><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cui |first1=Shan-Shan |last2=Duan |first2=Li-Jun |last3=Li |first3=Jun-Feng |last4=Qin |first4=Yong-Zhang |last5=Bao |first5=Su-Qing |last6=Jiang |first6=Xia |date=November 2021 |title=The Factors Influencing the Renal Glucose Threshold in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |journal=Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy |language=en |volume=14 |pages=4497–4503 |issn=1178-7007 |pmid=34785919 |doi=10.2147/DMSO.S336791 |doi-access=free |pmc=8590450}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hieshima |first1=Kunio |last2=Sugiyama |first2=Seigo |last3=Yoshida |first3=Akira |last4=Kurinami |first4=Noboru |last5=Suzuki |first5=Tomoko |last6=Ijima |first6=Hiroko |last7=Miyamoto |first7=Fumio |last8=Kajiwara |first8=Keizo |last9=Jinnouchi |first9=Katsunori |last10=Jinnouchi |first10=Tomio |last11=Jinnouchi |first11=Hideaki |date=May 2020 |title=Elevation of the renal threshold for glucose is associated with insulin resistance and higher glycated hemoglobin levels |journal=Journal of Diabetes Investigation |language=en |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=617–625 |issn=2040-1116 |pmid=31770476 |doi=10.1111/jdi.13191 |pmc=7232275}}</ref> and insulin therapy is not necessary.<ref>{{cite journal |last=American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee |date=2022-01-01 |title=6. Glycemic Targets: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2022 |journal=Diabetes Care |language=en |volume=45 |issue=Supplement_1 |pages=S83–S96 |issn=0149-5992 |pmid=34964868 |doi=10.2337/dc22-S006 |url=https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article/45/Supplement_1/S83/138927/6-Glycemic-Targets-Standards-of-Medical-Care-in}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=American Diabetes Association |date=2022-01-01 |title=Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2022 Abridged for Primary Care Providers |journal=Clinical Diabetes |language=en |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=10–38 |issn=0891-8929 |pmid=35221470 |doi=10.2337/cd22-as01 |pmc=8865785 |url=https://diabetesjournals.org/clinical/article/40/1/10/139035/Standards-of-Medical-Care-in-Diabetes-2022}}</ref> Blood glucose values higher than the cutoff level of 11.1&nbsp;mmol/L (200&nbsp;mg/dL) are used to diagnose T2DM<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gyberg |first1=Viveca |last2=De Bacquer |first2=Dirk |last3=Kotseva |first3=Kornelia |last4=De Backer |first4=Guy |last5=Schnell |first5=Oliver |last6=Tuomilehto |first6=Jaakko |last7=Wood |first7=David |last8=Rydén |first8=Lars |date=December 2016 |title=Time-saving screening for diabetes in patients with coronary artery disease: a report from EUROASPIRE IV |journal=BMJ Open |language=en |volume=6 |issue=12 |pages=e013835 |issn=2044-6055 |pmid=27932342 |doi=10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013835 |pmc=5168687}}</ref> and strongly associated with metabolic disturbances,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Selvin |first1=Elizabeth |last2=Rawlings |first2=Andreea |last3=Lutsey |first3=Pamela |last4=Maruthur |first4=Nisa |last5=Pankow |first5=James S. |last6=Steffes |first6=Michael |last7=Coresh |first7=Josef |date=2016-01-01 |title=Association of 1,5-Anhydroglucitol With Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality |journal=Diabetes |language=en |volume=65 |issue=1 |pages=201–208 |issn=0012-1797 |pmid=26395741 |doi=10.2337/db15-0607 |pmc=4686946 |url=https://diabetesjournals.org/diabetes/article/65/1/201/34951/Association-of-1-5-Anhydroglucitol-With}}</ref> although symptoms may not start to become noticeable until even higher values such as 13.9–16.7 [[blood sugar#Units|mmol/L]] (~250–300&nbsp;[[blood sugar#Units|mg/dL]]). A subject with a consistent fasting blood glucose range between 5.6–7 [[blood sugar#Units|mmol/L]] (~100–126 [[blood sugar#Units|mg/dL]]) ([[American Diabetes Association]] guidelines) is considered slightly hyperglycemic, and above 7 [[blood sugar#Units|mmol/L]] (126 [[blood sugar#Units|mg/dL]]) is generally held to have [[diabetes]]. For diabetics, glucose levels that are considered to be too hyperglycemic can vary from person to person, mainly due to the person's [[renal threshold of glucose]] and overall glucose tolerance. On average, however, chronic levels above 10–12&nbsp;mmol/L (180–216&nbsp;mg/dL) can produce noticeable organ damage over time.