Editing History of San Marino (section)

==Origins==
=== Foundation myth ===
[[File:Marino als steinhauer.png|thumb|San Marino is named after the Christian stonemason Saint Marinus, who created a mountainside colony to escape persecution.]]
According to legend, San Marino was founded in 301 AD<ref name="sanmarinosite.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.sanmarino.sm/on-line/en/home/san-marino/history.html |title=San Marino Historical Origins and Legends |publisher=Sanmarinosite.com |access-date=2014-05-24}}</ref> when a [[Christianity|Christian]] stonemason Marinus (lit. ''from the sea''), later venerated as [[Saint Marinus]], emigrated in 297 AD from the [[Dalmatia]]n [[island of Rab]], when [[Roman emperor|Emperor]] [[Diocletian]] issued a decree calling for the reconstruction of the city walls of [[Rimini]], destroyed by [[Liburnians|Liburnian]] pirates.<ref name="sanmarinosite.com"/> Marinus later became a Deacon and was ordained by Gaudentius, the Bishop of Rimini; shortly after, he was "recognised" and accused by an insane woman of being her estranged husband, whereupon he quickly fled to [[Monte Titano]] to build a chapel and monastery and live as a [[hermit]].<ref name="Radovinovič">Radovan Radovinovič, ''The Croatian Adriatic Tourist Guide'', pg. 127, Zagreb (1999), {{ISBN|953-178-097-8}}</ref> Later, the State of San Marino would bud from the centre created by this monastery.<ref name="Radovinovič"/> Living in geographical isolation from the [[Diocletianic Persecution]] of Christians at the time, the [[mountain people]] were able to live peaceful lives. When this settlement of "refugee" mountain people was eventually discovered, the owner of the land, Felicissima, a sympathetic lady of Rimini, bequeathed it to the small Christian community of mountain dwellers, recommending to them to remain always united.{{citation needed|date=September 2018}}
This foundation tale is at the base of San Marino's claim to be the world's oldest surviving republic.

According to William Miller, these accounts of the origin of San Marino "are a mixture of fables and miracles, but perhaps contain some grains of fact".<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Miller |first=William |date=July 1901 |title=The Republic of San Marino |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1834173 |journal=The American Historical Review |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=633–649 |doi=10.2307/1834173|jstor=1834173 }}</ref>

=== Documents ===
Evidence of the existence of a community on Mount Titano dates back to the [[Middle Ages]]. That evidence comes from a monk named Eugippio, who reports in several documents going back to 511 that another monk lived here.

The first attested government structure was composed of a self-governed assembly known as the ''[[Arengo]]'', which consisted of the heads of each family (as in the original [[Roman Senate]], the ''Patres''). In 1243, the positions of [[Captains Regent]] (''{{lang|it|Capitani Reggenti}}'') were established to be the joint heads of state. The state's earliest statutes date back to 1263. The [[Holy See]] confirmed the independence of San Marino in 1631.<ref>"San Marino," ''U.S. Department of State,'' 10/05, 2009–2017.state.gov/outofdate/bgn/sanmarino/55324.htm</ref>