Editing Hindi cinema (section)

== Etymology ==
{{See also|List of Hollywood-inspired nicknames}}
"Bollywood" is a portmanteau derived from Bombay (the former name of [[Mumbai]]) and "Hollywood", a [[Metonymy|shorthand reference]] for the [[Cinema of the United States|American film industry]] which is based in [[Hollywood, Los Angeles|Hollywood]], [[California]].<ref name="portmanteau">{{cite news|author=Rajghatta, Chidanand|title=Bollywood in Hollywood|date=6 July 2008|access-date=20 February 2009|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Columnists/C_Rajghatta_Bollywood_in_Hollywood/articleshow/3201937.cms|work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

The term "Tollywood", for the [[Tollygunge]]-based [[cinema of West Bengal]], predated "Bollywood".<ref name="Sarkar">{{Cite journal|last=Sarkar|first=Bhaskar|year=2008|title=The Melodramas of Globalization|journal=Cultural Dynamics|volume=20|pages=31–51 [34]|doi=10.1177/0921374007088054|quote=Madhava Prasad traces the origin of the term to a 1932 article in the ''[[American Cinematographer]]'' by Wilford E. Deming, an American engineer who apparently helped produce the first Indian sound picture. At this point, the Calcutta suburb of Tollygunge was the main center of film production in India. Deming refers to the area as Tollywood, since it already boasted two studios with 'several more projected' (Prasad, 2003) 'Tolly', rhyming with 'Holly', got hinged to 'wood' in the Anglophone Indian imagination, and came to denote the Calcutta studios and, by extension, the local film industry. Prasad surmises: 'Once Tollywood was made possible by the fortuitous availability of a half-rhyme, it was easy to clone new Hollywood babies by simply replacing the first letter' (Prasad, 2003).|s2cid=143977618| issn = 0921-3740}}</ref> It was used in a 1932 ''[[American Cinematographer]]'' article by Wilford E. Deming, an American engineer who helped produce the first Indian sound picture.<ref name="Sarkar" />

"Bollywood" was probably invented in Bombay-based film trade journals in the 1960s or 1970s, though the exact inventor varies by account.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rajadhyaksha|first=Ashish|date=1 January 2003|title=The 'Bollywoodization' of the Indian Cinema: Cultural Nationalism in a Global Arena|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/1464937032000060195|journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies|volume=4|issue=1|pages=25–39|doi=10.1080/1464937032000060195|s2cid=144764499|issn=1464-9373}}</ref><ref name="khanna">{{cite web|author=Subhash K Jha|date=8 April 2005|title=Amit Khanna: The Man who saw 'Bollywood'|url=https://sify.com/movies/bollywood/fullstory.php?id=13713296|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050409171523/https://sify.com/movies/bollywood/fullstory.php?id=13713296|archive-date=9 April 2005|access-date=31 May 2009|work=[[Sify]]}}</ref> Film journalist Bevinda Collaco claims she coined the term for the title of her column in ''[[Screen (magazine)|Screen]]'' magazine.<ref name="collaco" /> Her column entitled "On the Bollywood Beat" covered studio news and celebrity gossip.<ref name="collaco">{{cite news|title=On the Bollywood beat|author=Anand|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=7 March 2004|url=https://www.hindu.com/lr/2004/03/07/stories/2004030700390600.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040403234115/https://www.hindu.com/lr/2004/03/07/stories/2004030700390600.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 April 2004|access-date=31 May 2009|location=Chennai, India}}</ref> Other sources state that lyricist, filmmaker and scholar [[Amit Khanna]] was its creator.<ref>{{cite news|title=The Bollywood Man|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/the-bollywood-man/cid/969174|last=Jha|first=Subhash K|newspaper=[[The Telegraph (Calcutta)]]|date=1 April 2005|access-date=10 March 2019}}</ref> It is unknown if it was derived from "Hollywood" through "Tollywood", or was inspired directly by "Hollywood".

The term has been criticised by some film journalists and critics, who believe it implies that the industry is a poor cousin of Hollywood.<ref name="portmanteau" /><ref>{{cite book|author1=Crusie, Jennifer|url=https://archive.org/details/flirtingwithprid00jenn|title=Flirting with Pride & Prejudice|author2=Yeffeth, Glenn|publisher=BenBella Books, Inc.|year=2005|isbn=978-1-932100-72-3|page=[https://archive.org/details/flirtingwithprid00jenn/page/92 92]|url-access=registration}}</ref>