Editing Herrin, Illinois (section)

==History==
[[File:Herrin-ch1a.jpg|thumb|right|Herrin City hall]]
The settlement of Herrin started out as scattered settlers on Herring's Prairie named for the first permanent settler Isaac Herring, a Baptist preacher. Later, his son-in-law David Herrin arrived and the similarity in names led to the eventual shortening of the name to just Herrin's Prairie. The trails from Jordan's fort to Humphreys' ford on the Big Muddy River intersected the old trail from Lusk's ferry at modern-day [[Golconda, Illinois|Golconda]] to [[Kaskaskia, Illinois|Kaskaskia]], which was first settled by French colonists.<ref>Barbara Burr Hubbs. 1939, Reprint 1979. ''Pioneer Folks and Places''. Marion, Ill.: Williamson County Historical Society. Inside cover, 144-145.</ref>

Isaac Herring entered the first land in what became Herrin on 4 November 1816, two years before Illinois became a state. He paid $2 an acre for the {{convert|160|acres}}. At the time he lived to the west in [[Jackson County, Illinois|Jackson County]], the land entry was the northeast quarter off Section 30, Township 8 South, Range 2 East of the [[Third Principal Meridian]].<ref>[http://www.ilsos.gov/GenealogyMWeb/PublicLandSalesNameServlet?purchaserNumber=0151910 Illinois Public Domain Land Sales Database] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930102511/http://www.ilsos.gov/GenealogyMWeb/PublicLandSalesNameServlet?purchaserNumber=0151910 |date=2011-09-30 }}. Illinois State Archives.</ref> Today that area runs between 17th and 27th streets, and from West Cherry Street on the north to West Stotlar Street on the south.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/|title=Microsoft Research – Emerging Technology, Computer, and Software Research|website=Microsoft Research|access-date=1 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180429165820/https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/|archive-date=29 April 2018}}</ref>

David Ruffin Harrison started storekeeping on the prairie in 1858. During the Civil War, he built a frame store building and secured a [[fourth class post office]] that opened on May 26, 1864. After coal was discovered and mining began in nearby [[Carterville, Illinois|Carterville]], Harrison, and his cousins Ephraim Snyder Herrin and Mrs. Williams in 1892 prospected for coal beginning at the southwest corner of Williams' farm, identified in 1939 as the corner of Legion Boulevard and East Herrin Street. (Legion Boulevard no longer appears on the maps, but the reference indicates the intersection was the North and North East public roads. The 1908 county atlas shows North East Public Road two blocks east of Park Avenue which would make it North 13th Street). "The men put up the cash, Mrs. Williams boarded the workers. A fine vein of coal was found at 185 feet."

In 1895, the [[Chicago and Carbondale Railroad]] organized to lay tracks between the [[Illinois Central Railroad]] at Carbondale and connect with the new [[Chicago, Paducah and Memphis Railroad]] that had opened up in 1894, going through the central part of the county. (This one later became the [[Chicago and Eastern Illinois Railroad]]). Herrin convinced the developers to take their line between Carbondale and [[Johnston City, Illinois|Johnston City]] through Herrin. Soon after it opened, the line was sold to the [[Chicago and Texas Railroad]] in the fall of 1895.

The following spring on May 8, 1896, the post office changed to Herrin post office. Cousins Harrison and Herrin, great-grandsons of Isaac Herring, made plans for a new town. They platted a 40-acre site divided by the line between Sections 19 and 30 of the township. They filed the plat 4 December 1896. The community incorporated as a village on March 21, 1898, and as a city two years later on April 17, 1900.<ref>Barbara Burr Hubbs. 1939, Reprint 1979. ''Pioneer Folks and Places''. Marion, Ill.: Williamson County Historical Society. 146-149.</ref><ref>James N. Adams, comp. 1989. ''Illinois Place Names''. Springfield, Ill.: Illinois State Historical Society. 389-390.</ref>

Herrin was the site of the 1922 [[Herrin massacre]], resulting in the deaths of 23 miners and guards.{{citation needed|date=June 2018}}

When mining made the town prosperous, Herrin had a recreational park known as White City Park. It opened on Memorial Day 1924 with 5000 in attendance. It had a salt water swimming pool, rides, and a theater. Touring big bands played here. [[The Dorsey Brothers]] and [[Frank Sinatra]] played bocce ball and performed there.

President [[Harry S. Truman]] came to Herrin in September 1948. Three future presidents came to Herrin during campaigns: [[Richard Nixon]], [[John F. Kennedy]] and [[Ronald Reagan]]. [[Gerald Ford]] came to the Herrin-Marion airport in the 1970s.

At one time Herrin had 10 hotels, many clothing stores, grocery stores as well as department stores. Of the grocery stores Herrin has had over the years, not including national chains, Louie's P&R is the only local store to remain open.

In the beginning of the 21st century, Herrin by coincidence experienced two total [[solar eclipse|eclipses of the sun]] in just seven years - the first on [[Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017|August 21st, 2017]], and the second on [[Solar eclipse of April 8, 2024|April 8th, 2024]].