Editing Hernando County, Florida (section)

==History==
[[File:Hernando de Soto 1881.jpg|thumb|Spanish explorer [[Hernando de Soto]]]]
In 1767, a group of Upper Creeks from [[Eufaula, Alabama]], migrated to the Tampa Bay region and settled in what is now Hernando County. They would eventually become a part of the Muskogee speaking [[Seminole]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mahon |first1=John K. |title=History of the Second Seminole War, 1835-1842 |date=2017 |publisher=LibraryPress@UF |location=Gainesville, FL |isbn=978-1-947372-26-9 |page=5 |edition=ePub |url=https://ufdc.ufl.edu/aa00061387/00001}}</ref>

===Early European Pioneers and Founding===
Roughly 100 settlers and over 50 slaves arrived in what would become Hernando County in February 1842.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Landers |first1=Roger R. |title=The "Recent Unpleasantness" in Hernando County, Florida: Reconstruction, Redemption, Retrenchment, and Its Legacy |journal=Tampa Bay History |date=2010 |volume=24 |issue=1 |page=13 |url=https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1504&context=tampabayhistory |access-date=March 24, 2023}}</ref> Fort DeSoto was soon established in the northeast edge of present-day [[Brooksville, Florida|Brooksville]] to protect these settlers in the area from Native Americans. The fort became a small community center, trading post, and way station on the route to [[Tampa, Florida|Tampa]]. Further settlements started to grow near the fort beginning around 1845; two towns developed, Melendez and Pierceville, which would later merge to create Brooksville in 1856.<ref name="Brooksville History">{{cite web |title=About |url=https://www.cityofbrooksville.us/about |website=City of Brooksville |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=May 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200508050124/https://www.cityofbrooksville.us/about |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Then encompassing a significantly larger area of west central Florida than it does today, Hernando County was officially established on February 27, 1843, two years prior to Florida's admission into the Union. It was created from portions of Alachua, Hillsborough and Orange Counties and included all of present-day Citrus and Pasco Counties. Named for [[Spain|Spanish]] [[List of explorers|explorer]] [[Hernando de Soto]],<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ | title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States | publisher=Govt. Print. Off. | author=Gannett, Henry | year=1905 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n154 155]}}</ref> whose name has also been honored in [[DeSoto County, Florida|DeSoto County]], Hernando County was briefly renamed Benton County in 1844 for [[Thomas Hart Benton (senator)|Missouri Senator Thomas Hart Benton]], a strong supporter of territorial expansion who aided in the county's creation. However, Benton fell out of favor with the county's residents later in the decade due to his decision to support the [[Missouri Compromise]] and the overall reversal of his stance on slavery, and the county's name reverted in 1850.

In December 1854, the legislature designated the small port town of [[Bayport, Florida|Bayport]] the county seat. Residents living in the eastern section of the county instead desired a more central place for the county government, and by 1855, voters had selected an inland site within {{convert|5|mi|km|spell=in}} of the center of the county at the town of Melendez. In 1856, the citizens of Hernando County chose to rename the town, their new County Seat, [[Brooksville, Florida|Brooksville]] in honor of [[Preston Brooks|South Carolina Representative Preston Brooks]], who in the same year beat fierce abolitionist [[Charles Sumner|Massachusetts Senator Charles Sumner]] with a cane in the Senate chambers, winning the Congressman great renown in the South.

In 1855, town founder Joseph Hale donated land for a county courthouse in the center of present-day Brooksville. Soon thereafter, the structure was completed.

===American Civil War===
During the [[American Civil War|Civil War]], Hernando County primarily contributed foodstuffs, cotton, and lumber to the Confederacy. Although Union ships imposed a blockade on the port of [[Bayport, Florida|Bayport]], runners enjoyed a great deal of success—enough to lead the Union in June 1864 to order some 150–250 troop to destroy Confederate stockpiles in the county. In early July, the expeditions, including 2 companies from the [[2nd Florida Cavalry Regiment (Union)|2nd U.S. Florida Cavalry]], marched northward from Anclote River to [[Brooksville, Florida|Brooksville]], meeting some resistance from assembled Confederate troops hastily organized to protect the city.{{sfn|Landers|2010|p=14}} The Federal troops won this engagement (known locally as the Brooksville Raid<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pascocemeteries.org/brooksville_bayport_raid.html|first=Jeff|last=Cannon|date=December 11, 2009|title=The Brooksville-Bayport Raid and The Civil War in Hernando County|access-date=February 8, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130313153213/http://pascocemeteries.org/brooksville_bayport_raid.html|archive-date=March 13, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> and marched to Bayport, where they and an auxiliary force landing from gunboats sacked Rebel operations. The skirmish between Union raiders and local Confederates is reenacted annually in the county.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.tampabay.com/news/briefs/brooksville-raid-re-enactment-to-be-held-today/1145572 |title=Brooksville raid re-enactment to be held today |newspaper=St. Petersburg Times |date=January 15, 2011 |publisher=www.tampabay.com |access-date=February 8, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014154111/http://www.tampabay.com/news/briefs/brooksville-raid-re-enactment-to-be-held-today/1145572 |archive-date=October 14, 2012 }}</ref>

At least one unit that fought in the Civil War was mustered in Hernando County. The Hernando County "Wildcats," formed Company C of [[3rd Florida Infantry Regiment]]. The unit was captained by Walter Terry Saxon who was reportedly well liked by his men. He was paid roughly $20,000 for work surveying the Everglades. He used most of this money to arm and equip the Wildcats.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sheppard |first1=Jonathan C. |title="Everyday Soldiers": The Florida Brigade of the West, 1861-1862 |journal=Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations |date=2004 |pages=13–14 |url=https://diginole.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:176255/datastream/PDF/view |access-date=January 9, 2023}}</ref>

===Reconstruction=== 
Despite many citizens', including new immigrants, attempts at making Hernando an open and welcoming place, the county became one of the many Florida plantation counties that was a hotbed for [[Ku Klux Klan]] activity.{{sfn|Landers|2010|p=16}} Arthur St. Clair, a minister, was lynched in Hernando County, Florida, in 1877 for performing the wedding of a black man and white woman.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Cotter|first=Holland|date=June 1, 2018|title=A Memorial to the Lingering Horror of Lynching|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/01/arts/design/national-memorial-for-peace-and-justice-montgomery-alabama.html|access-date=June 9, 2021|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

The county courthouse was destroyed by a fire on September 29, 1877. On June 2, 1887, the [[Florida state legislature|Florida State Legislature]] divided Hernando County into three independent counties: [[Pasco County, Florida|Pasco County]] to the south, [[Citrus County, Florida|Citrus County]] to the north, and Hernando County in the middle. Since then, Hernando County's borders have remained unchanged.