Editing Hemocyanin (section)

== Species distribution ==
Hemocyanin was first discovered in ''[[Octopus vulgaris]]'' by [[Leon Fredericq]] in 1878. The presence of copper in molluscs was detected even earlier by [[Bartolomeo Bizio]] in 1833.<ref>{{Cite journal | vauthors = Ghiretti-Magaldi A, Ghiretti F |date=1992 |title=The pre-history of hemocyanin. The discovery of copper in the blood of molluscs |url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/BF01919143 |journal=Experientia |language=en |volume=48 |issue=10 |pages=971–972 |doi=10.1007/BF01919143 |s2cid=33290596 |issn=0014-4754}}</ref> Hemocyanins are found in the [[Mollusca]] and [[Arthropoda]], including [[cephalopod]]s and [[crustacean]]s, and utilized by some land arthropods such as the tarantula ''[[Eurypelma californicum]]'',<ref name="Voit_2000">{{cite journal | vauthors = Voit R, Feldmaier-Fuchs G, Schweikardt T, Decker H, Burmester T | title = Complete sequence of the 24-mer hemocyanin of the tarantula Eurypelma californicum. Structure and intramolecular evolution of the subunits | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 275 | issue = 50 | pages = 39339–39344 | date = December 2000 | pmid = 10961996 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M005442200 | doi-access = free }}</ref> the [[emperor scorpion]],<ref name="pmid22403673">{{cite journal | vauthors = Jaenicke E, Pairet B, Hartmann H, Decker H | title = Crystallization and preliminary analysis of crystals of the 24-meric hemocyanin of the emperor scorpion (Pandinus imperator) | journal = PLOS ONE | volume = 7 | issue = 3 | pages = e32548 | year = 2012 | pmid = 22403673 | pmc = 3293826 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0032548 | doi-access = free | bibcode = 2012PLoSO...732548J }}
* {{cite web |date=June 22, 2012 |title=The blue blood of the emperor scorpion x-rayed |website=Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz |url=http://www.uni-mainz.de/presse/15460_ENG_HTML.php |access-date=March 18, 2013 |archive-date=May 6, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220506035019/https://www.uni-mainz.de/presse/15460_ENG_HTML.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> and the centipede ''[[Scutigera coleoptrata]]''.  Also, larval storage proteins in many insects appear to be derived from hemocyanins.<ref name="molbeva040129">{{cite journal | vauthors = Beintema JJ, Stam WT, Hazes B, Smidt MP | title = Evolution of arthropod hemocyanins and insect storage proteins (hexamerins) | journal = Molecular Biology and Evolution | volume = 11 | issue = 3 | pages = 493–503 | date = May 1994 | pmid = 8015442 | doi = 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040129 | doi-access = free }}</ref>