Editing Harewood House (section)

==History==
===Early history===
The Harewood estate was created in its present size by merging two adjacent estates, the Harewood Castle estate based on [[Harewood Castle]] and the Gawthorpe estate based on the Gawthorpe Hall manor house (not to be confused with the [[Gawthorpe Hall]]  near [[Burnley]] in Lancashire). The properties were combined when the Wentworths of Gawthorpe, who inherited the estate from the Gascoignes, bought the neighbouring Harewood estate from the Ryther family. The combined estate was sold to the London merchant Sir [[Sir John Cutler, 1st Baronet|John Cutler]] in 1696, after whose death it passed to the Boulter family. They in turn sold it to the Lascelles in 1721.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Civil, Ecclesiastical, Literary, Commercial, and Miscellaneous of Leeds etc|volume=1|page=215}}</ref>

===The Lascelles family===
In the late seventeenth century members of the Lascelles family purchased plantations in the [[West Indies]], and the income generated allowed Henry Lascelles to purchase the estate in 1738; his son, [[Edwin Lascelles, 1st Baron Harewood]], a wealthy plantation and slave owner,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/abolition/building_britain_gallery_03.shtml|title=History – British History in depth: Slavery and the Building of Britain|publisher=BBC|access-date=15 February 2019|archive-date=16 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190216232224/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/abolition/building_britain_gallery_03.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> built the house between 1759 and 1771<ref name="Jones">{{cite book|title=Architecture of England, Scotland, and Wales|last=Jones|first=Nigel R.|pages=133–135|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|year=2005|location=Westwood, CT, USA|isbn=0313318506}}</ref> to replace Gawthorpe Hall, the original manor house on the estate.

Edwin employed the services of [[John Carr (architect)|John Carr]], an architect practising in the north of England who had been employed by a number of prominent Yorkshire families, to design their new country houses. The foundations were laid in 1759 and the house was largely complete by 1765. [[Robert Adam]] submitted designs for the interiors, which were approved in 1765. Adam made a number of minor alterations to Carr's designs for the building's exterior including internal courtyards.<ref name="Jones"/> The house remained largely untouched until the 1840s when [[Sir Charles Barry]] was employed by [[Henry Lascelles, 3rd Earl of Harewood]], the father of thirteen children, to increase the accommodation. Barry added second storeys to each of the flanking wings to provide extra bedrooms, removed the south portico and created formal parterres and terraces.<ref name="Jones"/>

===20th century===
In 1922, [[Henry Lascelles, 6th Earl of Harewood|Henry Lascelles, Viscount Lascelles]] married [[Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood|Princess Mary]], the only daughter of [[George V]]. Initially living in the nearby [[Goldsborough Hall]], the couple moved permanently into Harewood House on the death of Henry's father in 1929.<ref name="Jones"/>

During the Second World War, the house acted as a resident convalescent hospital<ref>{{cite web |title=Leeds Legacies |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/legacies/work/england/leeds/gallery_6.shtml |publisher=BBC |access-date=25 September 2019 |quote=During World War II Harewood House was used as a resident convalescent hospital. |archive-date=25 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925070737/http://www.bbc.co.uk/legacies/work/england/leeds/gallery_6.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref> but by the late 1940s, the Princess Royal and her family had moved permanently back to Harewood, where the house and gardens were regularly opened<ref>{{cite news |title=Harewood House open on Monday |url=https://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=harewood%20%20house%20%20gardens%20%20%20opened&county=yorkshire%2c%20england&from=1944&to=1949 |access-date=25 September 2019 |newspaper=Yorkshire Evening Post |location=Yorkshire, England |date=29 July 1949 |quote=Harewood House open on Monday – HAREWOOD House and gardens will open to the public on Monday from 11 a.m. to... |archive-date=8 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208103550/https://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=harewood++house++gardens+++opened&county=yorkshire%2C+england&from=1944&to=1949 |url-status=live }}</ref> to the public.  The estate also hosted concerts connected with musical institutions including the  [[Yorkshire Symphony Orchestra]] and the [[Leeds Festival (classical music)|Leeds Musical Festival]],  of which the Princess was [[patron]]. 

On 28 March 1965, the Princess was walking the grounds of Harewood when she suffered a fatal heart attack.<ref name="newton">{{cite news |last1=Newton |first1=Grace |title=The Queen's Lost Family: TV documentary tells the story of the royal letters found in a Yorkshire country house |url=https://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/heritage-and-retro/heritage/queens-lost-family-tv-documentary-tells-story-royal-letters-found-yorkshire-country-house-1751595 |access-date=14 June 2020 |work=Yorkshire Post |date=14 August 2019 |archive-date=14 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614175314/https://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/heritage-and-retro/heritage/queens-lost-family-tv-documentary-tells-story-royal-letters-found-yorkshire-country-house-1751595 |url-status=live }}</ref> Her elder son, [[George Lascelles, 7th Earl of Harewood|Lord Harewood]], the 7th earl, succeeded his father in 1947, and resided at Harewood. He was director of the [[Royal Opera House]] and later of the [[English National Opera]]; nearer to Harewood, he was a member of the Leeds Music Festival's executive committee and a patron of the Yorkshire Symphony Orchestra's concerts.<ref>{{cite news |title=Several well-known musical authorities from Leeds tell of the opportunities afforded them to talk things musical to her Royal Highness |url=https://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=harewood%20%20house%20%20musical%20%20festival%20%20triennial&county=yorkshire%2c%20england&from=1944&to=1949 |access-date=25 September 2019 |newspaper=Yorkshire Evening Post |location=Yorkshire, England |date=10 January 1949 |quote=....concert-going in Leeds recently as this week-end when attended the concert. "Music patron" – The Princess Royal is patron of the Leeds Triennial Musical Festival. During the last series – in October, 1947, – she attended most of the concerts. She was for many years patron ....Yorkshire Evening Post Yorkshire, England 19 Jul 1949...He [Lord Harewood] edits a magazine on ballet and opera, and is a member the Executive Committee of the Leeds Triennial Festival in which the Princess.... |archive-date=8 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208103554/https://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=harewood++house++musical++festival++triennial&county=yorkshire%2C+england&from=1944&to=1949 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Leeds Reception to Lord and Lady Harewood |url=https://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=lord%20%20harewood%20%20%20yorkshire%20%20symphony%20%20orchestra&county=yorkshire%2c%20england&from=1944&to=1949 |access-date=25 September 2018 |newspaper=The Yorkshire Post / Yorkshire and Evening Post |location=Yorkshire, England |date=23 November 1949 |page=1 [Front page of The Yorkshire Post – 23 November 1949] |quote=Chatting informally for nearly two hours with a large gathering of ...the Princess Royal wore rose pink velvet.....Among others presented were ...Sir William and Lady Cartwright...Mr R. Noel Middleton (Leeds Musical Festival Committee)...Mr Philip Fox (Leeds Director of the B.B.C.)....'''Y.S.O. concert''' – ...chairman of the Yorkshire Symphony Orchestra Committee had a long chat with the Earl and Countess regarding the orchestra, and invited them to attend the Saturday performance. They both expressed much interest in the orchestra and said they would like... Yorkshire Post 11 April 1950...A Concert by Members of the Yorkshire Symphony Orchestra at Harewood House...Before a large and appreciative audience, in which the Princess Royal and the Earl and Countess of Harewood....Mr Maurice Miles conducted a section of the Yorkshire Symphony Orchestra... |archive-date=8 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208103623/https://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=lord++harewood+++yorkshire++symphony++orchestra&county=yorkshire%2C+england&from=1944&to=1949 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=B. |first1=E. |title=Significant Choice for Y.S.O. concert |url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000687/19500220/131/0006 |access-date=11 April 2019 |newspaper=Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer |date=20 February 1950 |quote=[page 1/front page] – The Earl of Harewood has agreed to be patron of the concert, and he and the Countess have promised to attend. }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Bradbury |url=https://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=harewood%20%20yorkshire%20%20symphony%20%20orchestr%20a&county=yorkshire%2C%20england&from=1940&to=1949&page=5 |work=Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer |location=Yorkshire, England |date=21 March 1949 |access-date=24 November 2018 |quote=....besides visit Leeds yesterday, the Yorkshire Symphony Orchestra's concert at Leeds Town Hall on Saturday night was devoted to the music from the operas of Mozart and Puccini. Among the audience was the Earl of Harewood. |archive-date=8 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208103555/https://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=harewood++yorkshire++symphony++orchestr+a&county=yorkshire%2C+england&from=1940&to=1949&page=5 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Whitaker |first1=J. |title=An Almanack for the Year of Our Lord 1955, Volume 87 |date=1955 |publisher=J. Whitaker |page=1003 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FFMQAAAAIAAJ&q=Yorkshire+Symphony+Orchestra+Harewood+House |access-date=8 October 2019 |quote=The London Symphony Orchestra, the Leeds Philharmonic and Symphony Orchestras, the Yorkshire Symphony ... Hex was performed, with Peter Pears and Hclenc Bouvier, and, at a morning concert In the Picture Gallery of Harewood House... |archive-date=8 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208103550/https://books.google.com/books?id=FFMQAAAAIAAJ&q=Yorkshire+Symphony+Orchestra+Harewood+House&dq=Yorkshire+Symphony+Orchestra+Harewood+House |url-status=live }}</ref>

Since 1947 the estate's [[Dower House]], which lies outside the estate boundaries, has been leased out for use as an [[independent school]].<ref>Gateways Educational Trust Limited, [https://www.gatewaysschool.co.uk/about-gateways/ About Gateways] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114143834/https://www.gatewaysschool.co.uk/about-gateways/ |date=14 January 2021 }}, accessed 21 December 2020</ref>

===21st century===
The house is the family seat of the Lascelles family, and home of [[David Lascelles, 8th Earl of Harewood|David Lascelles]], the eighth [[Earl of Harewood|Earl]].<ref name="Jones"/> The house and grounds have been transferred into a trust ownership structure managed by Harewood House Trust and are open to the public for most of the year. Harewood won a ''Large Visitor Attraction of the Year'' award in the 2009 national ''Excellence in England'' awards.<ref name="hh2003">Harewood House website. ''Harewood Card Newsletter. Autumn/Winter 2003–04'' [http://www.harewood.org.uk/newsletter/newsletter4.pdf Harewood.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928142157/http://www.harewood.org.uk/newsletter/newsletter4.pdf |date=28 September 2007 }}. Retrieved 1 December 2006.</ref>

Harewood houses a collection of paintings by masters of the Italian Renaissance, family portraits by [[Sir Joshua Reynolds]], [[John Hoppner]] and [[Sir Thomas Lawrence]], and modern art collected by the 7th Earl and Countess. Changing temporary exhibitions are held each season in the Terrace Gallery. Catering facilities in the house include Michelin-starred fine dining.<ref>[http://www.yorkshireeveningpost.co.uk/community/michelin-star-restaurant-moves-into-stately-home-to-offer-tasty-posh-nosh-1-4776971 "Michelin star restaurant moves into stately home to offer tasty posh nosh"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120731052609/http://www.yorkshireeveningpost.co.uk/community/michelin-star-restaurant-moves-into-stately-home-to-offer-tasty-posh-nosh-1-4776971 |date=31 July 2012 }}, ''[[Yorkshire Evening Post]]''. Retrieved 2 August 2013</ref>

As well as tours of the house and grounds, Harewood has more than {{convert|100|acre}} of gardens, including a [[Himalayas|Himalayan]] garden and its [[stupa]], an educational bird garden (closed February 2023),<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Harewood House Trust |url=https://harewood.org/harewood-statement/ |title=Harewood Statement |accessdate=24 May 2023 |archive-date=9 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209053037/https://harewood.org/harewood-statement/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> an adventure playground and the historic [[All Saints' Church, Harewood|All Saints' Church]] with its alabaster tombs. From May 2007 to October 2008 the grounds contained Yorkshire's first planetarium, the [[Yorkshire Planetarium]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.yorkshireeveningpost.co.uk/news/leeds-planetarium-a-meteoric-failure-1-2240476|title=Leeds planetarium – a meteoric failure|access-date=31 March 2018|archive-date=1 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401005153/https://www.yorkshireeveningpost.co.uk/news/leeds-planetarium-a-meteoric-failure-1-2240476|url-status=live}}</ref>

The [[Leeds Country Way]] passes through the Harewood Estate, to the south of the house and lake, as does the route of [[The White Rose Way]].

In a 2005 documentary, David Lascelles spoke about his ancestors' links with the slave trade,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.leeds-live.co.uk/news/leeds-stately-home-exposing-links-25227805|title=Leeds stately home exposing its links to the slave trade to educate others|website=Leeds Live|first=Jaimie|last=Kay|date=11 October 2022|access-date=14 May 2023|archive-date=14 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230514083852/https://www.leeds-live.co.uk/news/leeds-stately-home-exposing-links-25227805|url-status=live}}</ref> and in 2007, as part of the ''[[BBC Look North (East Yorkshire and Lincolnshire)|BBC Look North]]'' programme, actor [[David Harewood]] visited the house and interviewed Lascelles, as his ancestors in Barbados had been enslaved by the Earls of Harewood.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/west_yorkshire/6487229.stm|title=Actor quizzes Viscount on slavery|work=[[BBC News]]|date=23 March 2007|access-date=15 April 2015}}</ref> In March 2023, it was announced that a portrait of Harewood had been commissioned and would be hung in Harewood House.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://harewood.org/about/blog/missing-portraits/missing-portraits-david-harewood-obe/|title=MISSING PORTRAITS: David Harewood OBE|website=Harewood House Blog|date=6 March 2023|access-date=14 May 2023}}</ref><ref name="kolirin">{{cite news |last1=Kolirin |first1=Lianne |title=David Harewood's portrait will hang in stately home owned by family that enslaved his ancestors |url=https://edition.cnn.com/style/article/david-harewood-portrait-gbr-scli-intl-gbr/index.html |access-date=9 March 2023 |work=CNN |date=6 March 2023 |archive-date=9 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230309025451/https://edition.cnn.com/style/article/david-harewood-portrait-gbr-scli-intl-gbr/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2023/mar/06/complex-emotions-harewood-house-commissions-portrait-of-david-harewood|title='Complex emotions': Harewood House commissions portrait of David Harewood|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|first=Aamna|last=Mohdin|date=6 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2023/03/06/david-harewood-portrait-hung-home-family-who-enslaved-ancestors/|title=David Harewood portrait to be hung at home of family who enslaved his ancestors|newspaper=[[Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]|date=6 March 2023|archive-date=14 May 2023|access-date=14 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230514083839/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2023/03/06/david-harewood-portrait-hung-home-family-who-enslaved-ancestors/|url-status=live}}</ref>