Editing Harderwijk (section)

== History ==
Harderwijk received [[City rights in the Netherlands|city rights]] from Count Otto II of Guelders in 1231.<ref>Stenvert, R. et al. (2000). ''Monumenten in Nederland: Gelderland'', p. 50 and 183–188. Zwolle: Waanders Uitgevers. {{ISBN|90-400-9406-3}}</ref> A defensive wall surrounding the city was completed by the end of that century. The oldest part of the city is near where the streets Hoogstraat and Grote Poortstraat now are. Around 1315 the city was expanded southwards, which included the construction of what is now called the Grote Kerk (Great Church). A second, northward expansion took place around 1425.

Particularly along the west side of town, much of the wall still exists but often not in entirely original form. That also goes for the only remaining city gate, the [[Vischpoort]] (Fish Gate).

Between 1648 and 1811, the [[University of Harderwijk]] operated in the city. The Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist, [[Carl Linnaeus]] graduated at this university. The university, together with the universities of [[Zutphen]] and [[Franeker]], was abolished by [[Napoleon]].

Harderwijk was a member of the [[Hanseatic League]]. It lies on what used to be the [[Zuiderzee]] shore (Southern Sea, now the [[IJsselmeer]]) and consequently its economy was strongly based on fishing and seafaring in general. That dramatically changed after 1932, when the Zuiderzee [[Afsluitdijk|was cut off]] from the [[North Sea]] for safety reasons. Few fishing boats thus now remain in the Harbour, which now is home mainly to yachts. An annual event illustrating the former importance of the fishing industry to Harderwijk is ''Aaltjesdag'', which translates to ''[[Eel]] day''. Fish can still be bought at stands and restaurants on the boulevard throughout the year except for the winter months. Tourists are common customers, but local people no longer make their living from the fisheries.

Today, Harderwijk is probably known best for the [[Dolfinarium Harderwijk]], a [[marine mammal park]] where dolphin shows are held and various other marine mammals and fish are kept.