Editing Hampstead (section)

==History==
===Toponymy===
The name comes from the [[Old English|Anglo-Saxon]] words ''ham'' and ''stede'', which means, and is a cognate of, the Modern English "homestead".

===To 1900===
Archeological findings from [[Hampstead Heath]], including [[Mesolithic]] flint tools, pits, postholes, and burnt stones, indicate a [[hunter-gatherer]] community around 7000 BCE. Objects like cinerary urns and grave goods discovered near [[Well Walk]], dating back to 70–120 CE, suggest the possibility of a [[Roman Britain|Roman]] settlement or road in the vicinity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hampstead: Settlement and Growth {{!}} British History Online |url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/middx/vol9/pp8-15 |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=www.british-history.ac.uk}}</ref>[[File:Ford Madox Brown - Work - artchive.com.jpg|thumb|right|Roadworks on [[Heath Street, Hampstead|Heath Street]] in Hampstead around 1865, in [[Ford Madox Brown]]'s painting ''[[Work (painting)|Work]]'']]
[[File:The Mount Hampstead.jpg|thumb|right|A current day view of the location used for the Madox Brown painting on The Mount, just off Heath St]]
Early records of Hampstead can be found in a grant by King [[Ethelred the Unready]] to the monastery of St. Peter's at Westminster (AD 986), and it is referred to in the [[Domesday Book]] (1086)<ref>{{cite web|author=Anna Powell-Smith |url=http://domesdaymap.co.uk/place/TQ2685/hampstead/ |title=Hampstead {{pipe}} Domesday Book |publisher=Domesdaymap.co.uk |access-date=29 October 2015}}</ref> as being in the [[Middlesex]] hundred of [[Ossulstone]]. Outlying [[hamlets]] developed at [[West Hampstead|West End]] and [[North End, Hampstead|North End]]. In addition [[Pond Street, Hampstead|Pond Street]] formed the southern limit of the settlement for many centuries.

The growth of Hampstead is generally traced back to the seventeenth century. Trustees of the Well started advertising the medicinal qualities of the [[chalybeate]] waters ([[mineral water]] impregnated with iron) in 1700. A pump room and [[assembly room]] were established on [[Well Walk]], supplied by water from springs in nearby [[Well Road]]. Elegant housing was built in New End road, [[New End Square]] and [[Church Row, Hampstead|Church Row]]. Although Hampstead Wells was initially most successful and fashionable, its popularity declined in the nineteenth century due to competition with other fashionable London spas. The spa was demolished in 1882, although a water fountain was left behind.

Hampstead started to expand following the opening of the [[North London Railway]] in the 1860s (now the [[London Overground]] with passenger services operated by [[Transport for London]]), and expanded further after the [[Charing Cross, Euston & Hampstead Railway]] opened in 1907 (now part of [[London Underground]]'s [[Northern line]]) and provided fast travel to [[central London]].

Much luxurious housing was created during the 1870s and 1880s, in the area that is now the political ward of Frognal & Fitzjohns. Much of this housing remains to this day.

===20th century===
In the 20th century, a number of notable buildings were created including:
* [[Hampstead tube station|Hampstead Underground station]] (1907), the deepest station on the [[London Underground|Underground]] network
* [[Isokon building]] (1932)
* [[Hillfield Court]] (1932)
* [[2 Willow Road]] (1938)
* [[Swiss Cottage Central Library]] (1964)
* [[Royal Free Hospital]] (mid-1970s)

Cultural attractions in the area include the [[Freud Museum]], [[Keats House]], [[Kenwood House]], [[Fenton House]], the [[Isokon building]], [[Burgh House]] (which also houses Hampstead Museum), and the [[Camden Arts Centre]]. The large Victorian [[Hampstead Town Hall]] was recently converted and extended as an arts centre.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://research.historicengland.org.uk/redirect.aspx?id=7096%7CLONDON%27S%20TOWN%20HALLS|title=London's Town Halls|page=32|publisher=Historic England|access-date=25 April 2020}}</ref>

On 14 August 1975 Hampstead entered the [[UK Weather Records]] with the ''Highest 155-min total'' rainfall at 169&nbsp;mm. As of November 2008 this record remains.

The average price of a property in Hampstead was £1.5&nbsp;million in 2018.<ref name='Zoopla'>{{cite web|title=House prices in Hampstead, London|url=https://www.zoopla.co.uk/house-prices/hampstead/|publisher=[[Zoopla]]|access-date=17 November 2018}}</ref>