Editing Haddonfield, New Jersey (section)

== History ==
The Haddonfield area was occupied by the [[Lenape]] [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] tribe, but they largely disappeared from the area when settlers arrived. [[Arrowhead]]s and [[pottery]] shards have been found by residents by the banks of the [[Cooper River (New Jersey)|Cooper River]], hinting that there was a Native American settlement in Haddonfield at one point in time.

[[File:Hadrosaurus Foulkii.JPG|thumb|right|Plaques at the [[Hadrosaurus Foulkii Leidy Site]] showing National Historic Landmark status (left) and a plaque from Philadelphia's [[Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia|Academy of Natural Sciences]]. At right, toy dinosaurs have been left by visitors. A deep pit or ravine is straight ahead about 10 yards]]
On October 23, 1682, Francis Collins, an English [[Quakers|Quaker]] and a bricklayer by trade, became the first settler within the boundaries of what today is Haddonfield. Collins soon built a house, "Mountwell," on a tract of {{Convert|400|acres}}. Haddonfield was further developed by [[Elizabeth Haddon]] (1680–1762), whose Quaker father, John Haddon, bought a {{convert|500|acre|km2}} tract of land in the English colony of [[West Jersey]] to escape religious persecution. Elizabeth set sail alone from [[Southwark]], England to the New World in 1701. Shortly after her arrival, she made a marriage proposal to [[John Estaugh]], a Quaker minister, and they were married in 1702. The town was named for John Haddon, though he never came to America.<ref name="WP-4Nov09">Kaplan, Melanie D. G. [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/11/03/AR2009110303403.html "Escapes: Haddonfield, N.J., still prohibits liquor sales"], ''[[The Washington Post]]'', November 4, 2009. Accessed March 18, 2015. "But you'd have a hard time using your cents or pence to buy a drink here at the Indian King Tavern -- or anywhere in town, for that matter. The Borough of Haddonfield -- like 36 other Jersey towns -- is dry. The Indian King was one of the last places to sell alcohol before the town banned liquor. Since 1873, residents of this South Jersey town have bought their spirits in the next burg over and consumed it at home or, more recently, at BYOB restaurants."</ref>

The [[Indian King Tavern]], built in 1750, played a significant role in the [[American Revolutionary War]]. During that war, the New Jersey Legislature met there, avoiding British forces, and in 1777, declared New Jersey to be an independent state. Today the tavern is a state historical site and museum.<ref name="WP-4Nov09"/><ref name="Haddonfield Quaker">[http://courierpostonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20061019/SPECIAL20/610190416/-1/Haddonfield "Haddonfield: Quaker roots run deep"] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120707055209/http://courierpostonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20061019/SPECIAL20/610190416/-1/Haddonfield |date=2012-07-07 }}, ''[[Courier-Post]]'', October 19, 2006. Accessed June 28, 2007. "In 1777, as armies devastated Trenton during the Revolution, the Assembly reconvened in the Indian King Tavern in Haddonfield and passed legislation creating an independent state.... The Quakers' strong influence led to the banning of alcohol in 1873—a ban that still stands."</ref> Nevertheless, since 1873, Haddonfield has been a [[dry county|dry town]] where alcohol cannot be sold though it can be brewed and distributed in town.<ref name="Haddonfield Quaker"/><ref>New Jersey Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control. New Jersey ABC list of dry towns (May 1, 2013)</ref><ref>Giordano, Rita. [https://archive.today/20140216163749/http://articles.philly.com/2007-06-24/news/25234867_1_liquor-licenses-quota-licenses-liquor-stores "More towns catching liquor-license buzz; Moorestown considers ending its dry spell"], ''[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]'', June 24, 2007. Accessed February 16, 2014.</ref>

Haddonfield is a significant historic [[paleontology]] site. In 1838, William Estaugh Hopkins uncovered large bones in a [[marl]] pit in which he was digging. Hopkins displayed the bones at his home, Birdwood; and these bones sparked the interest of a visitor, [[William Parker Foulke|William Foulke]]. In 1858, Foulke dug from the marl pit the first relatively complete skeleton of a [[dinosaur]] found in North America, ''[[Hadrosaurus]] foulkii''. The skeleton was assembled in 1868 and is still displayed at [[Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120224170637/http://www.ansp.org/museum/dinohall/hadrosaurus.php Hadrosaurus foulkii], Academy of Natural Sciences. Accessed February 24, 2012.</ref> A {{convert|17|ft|m|adj=on}} long bronze sculpture of “Haddy”, by sculptor John Giannotti, stands in the center of town.<ref>Pensiero, Nicole. [https://www.southjerseymagazine.com/article/395/Portrait-of-the-Artist "Portrait of the Artist"], ''South Jersey Magazine'', July 2011. Accessed December 18, 2023. "That man is Haddonfield sculptor John Giannotti, perhaps best known locally for his playful, 17-foot-long Hadrosaurus Foulkii, the dinosaur statue that has cast a watchful eye across Kings Highway for eight years."</ref><ref name="WP-4Nov09"/> Hadrosaurus was recognized officially as the [[List of New Jersey state symbols|state dinosaur of New Jersey]] in June 1991.<ref>[https://www.state.nj.us/dep/njgs/enviroed/hadro.htm#:~:text=Hadrosaurus%20foulkii%20became%20the%20official,symbol%20of%20its%20prehistoric%20past. Hadrosaurus foulkii], [[New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection]] Division of Water Supply and Geoscience. Accessed June 11, 2020. "Hadrosaurus foulkii became the official State dinosaur of New Jersey in 1991 after years of hard work by a teacher, Joyce Berry, and her fourth grade classes at Strawbridge Elementary School in Haddon Township."</ref>

In 1875, Haddonfield became the first community to secede from [[Haddon Township, New Jersey|Haddon Township]] and become a self-governing borough.<ref name=Story/> Haddonfield is noted for its historic homes, quaint shops, and legions of lawyers. As a legal center for southern New Jersey, the town houses the offices of more than 390 attorneys.

Haddonfield once was home to Symphony in C (formerly the Haddonfield Symphony), which is now based in nearby [[Collingswood, New Jersey|Collingswood]], and performs at the Gordon Theater at [[Rutgers University-Camden]].<ref>[http://symphonyinc.org/about About], Symphony in C. Accessed April 26, 2012. "The Haddonfield Symphony began in 1952 as a community orchestra allowing amateur musicians to pursue their love of music by performing for the Haddonfield and southern New Jersey community and made its debut performance in January 1954 under Music Director Guido Terranova."</ref>

Haddonfield is home to the second oldest volunteer fire company in continuous service in the United States. Haddon Fire Company No. 1 was established as Friendship Fire Company on March 8, 1764, by 26 townsmen. Each member was to furnish two leather buckets while the company supplied six ladders and three [[pike pole|fire hooks]].<ref>[http://www.haddonfirecompany.org/about.shtml About] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161209131903/http://haddonfirecompany.org/about.shtml |date=2016-12-09 }}, Haddon Fire Co. #1. Accessed September 22, 2014.</ref>

In 1971, Haddonfield became the second municipality in New Jersey (after [[Cape May, New Jersey|Cape May]]) to establish a historic preservation district.<ref>Cataldo, Adam L.; and Hagenmayer, S. Joseph. [https://archive.today/20130615231413/http://articles.philly.com/2000-07-11/news/25608998_1_historic-district-historic-buildings-preservation-council "A Leader For Preservation In Haddonfield Dies At 82 Now Described As A Visionary, Joan L. Aiken Organized A Pioneering Effort To Save The Borough's Historic Architecture."], ''[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]'', July 11, 2000. Accessed May 13, 2013. "Voters approved the historic-district ordinance in 1971, making Haddonfield, after Cape May, the state's second historic district."</ref> In keeping with the historic appearance of the borough, some candidates for commissioner distribute colored ribbons to their supporters instead of yard signs.