Editing Haakon VII (section)

==Early life==
===Birth and family===
{{stack|[[File:Charlottenlund_Slot_(c_1895).jpg|thumb|Prince Carl's birthplace, [[Charlottenlund Palace]] north of [[Copenhagen]], {{circa}} 1895.]]}}
Prince Carl was born on 3 August 1872 at his parents' country residence, [[Charlottenlund Palace]] north of [[Copenhagen]], during the reign of his paternal grandfather, [[King Christian IX]].<ref name="DBL2">{{cite book|first=Povl|last=Engelstoft|chapter=Haakon VII|chapter-url=http://www.rosekamp.dk/DBL_All/DBL_8_text.pdf|editor1-first=Povl|editor1-last=Engelstoft|editor2-first=Svend|editor2-last=Dahl|title=[[Dansk Biografisk Leksikon]]|edition=2.|pages=241|volume=8|location=Copenhagen|publisher=J.H. Schultz Forlag|year=1935|language=da|access-date=21 April 2023|archive-date=8 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230808174012/https://www.rosekamp.dk/DBL_All/DBL_8_text.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> He was the second son of [[Frederick VIII of Denmark|Crown Prince Frederik of Denmark]] (the future King Frederick VIII), and his wife [[Louise of Sweden]].<ref name="Burke's Royal Families">{{cite book|editor1-last=Montgomery-Massingberd|editor1-first=Hugh|editor1-link=Hugh Massingberd|title=Burke's Royal Families of the World|volume=1|location=London, UK|publisher=[[Burke's Peerage]] Ltd|year=1977|page=71}}</ref> His father was the eldest son of [[King Christian IX]] and [[Louise of Hesse-Kassel]], and his mother was the only daughter of King [[Charles XV]] of Sweden (who was also king of Norway as Charles IV), and [[Louise of the Netherlands]].<ref name="NBL">{{cite encyclopedia|title=Haakon 7|encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]]|last=Grimnes|first=Ole Kristian|author-link=Ole Kristian Grimnes|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=https://nbl.snl.no/Haakon_7|language=no|date=13 February 2009|access-date=19 May 2017|archive-date=5 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210205023300/https://nbl.snl.no/Haakon_7|url-status=live}}</ref> At birth, he was third in the [[succession to the Danish throne]] after his father and older brother, but without any real prospect of inheriting the throne. The young prince was baptised at Charlottenlund Palace on 7 September 1872 by the [[Bishop of Zealand]], [[Hans Lassen Martensen]]. He was baptised with the names ''Christian Frederik Carl Georg Valdemar Axel'', and was known as Prince Carl (namesake of his maternal grandfather the King of Sweden-Norway, who died only 11 days after his baptism).<ref name="Burke's Royal Families"/>

Carl belonged to the [[Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg]] (often shortened to Glücksburg) branch of the [[House of Oldenburg]]. The House of Oldenburg had been the [[Danish royal family]] since 1448; between 1536 and 1814 it also ruled Norway, which was then part of the Kingdom of [[Denmark-Norway]]. The house was originally from northern Germany, where the Glücksburg (Lyksborg) branch held their small fief. The family had links with Norway beginning from the 15th century. Several of his paternal ancestors had been kings of Norway in union with Denmark and at times Sweden. They included [[Christian I]], [[Frederick I of Norway|Frederick I]], [[Christian III]], [[Frederick II of Denmark|Frederick II]], [[Christian IV]], and [[Frederick III of Norway|Frederick III]]. Frederick III integrated Norway into the Oldenburg state with Denmark, [[Schleswig]] and [[Holstein]]. His subsequent paternal ancestors had been dukes in [[Schleswig-Holstein]]. [[Christian Frederick]], who was King of Norway briefly in 1814, the first king of the Norwegian 1814 constitution and struggle for independence, was his great-granduncle.

===Childhood and education===
[[File:Prins Carl 1889 by Emil Hohlenberg.jpg|thumb|Prince Carl as a [[naval cadet]] in 1889.]]
Carl was raised with his siblings in the royal household in Copenhagen, and grew up between his parents' residence in [[Copenhagen]], the [[Frederick VIII's Palace]], an 18th-century [[palace]] which forms part of the [[Amalienborg Palace]] complex in central [[Copenhagen]], and their country residence, [[Charlottenlund Palace]], located by the coastline of the [[Øresund]] [[strait]] north of the city. In contrast to the usual practice of the period, where royal children were brought up by [[governess]]es, the children were raised by Crown Princess Louise herself. Under the supervision of their mother, the children received a rather strict Christian-dominated upbringing, which was characterized by severity, the fulfillment of duties, care and order.{{sfn|Bramsen|1992|p=274}}

As a younger son of the Crown Prince, there was little expectation that Carl would become king. He was third in line to the throne after his father and elder brother, [[Christian X of Denmark|Prince Christian]], and spent his early life in the shadow of his elder brother. Carl was less than two years younger than Christian, and the two princes were educated together at home by private [[tutor]]s and had a joint [[confirmation]] at [[Christiansborg Palace Chapel]] in 1887.

After his confirmation, as was customary for princes at that time, Carl was expected to start a military education.{{dubious|date=March 2022}} It was decided that he, in accordance with his own wishes, should enter the [[Royal Danish Navy]]. He was educated at the [[Royal Danish Naval Academy]] from 1889 to 1893, graduating as a second lieutenant. He subsequently remained in service with the Royal Danish Navy until his appointment as Norwegian king in 1905. In 1894 he was promoted to the rank of first lieutenant and in 1905 to the rank of [[admiral]].<ref name="NBL"/> During his naval career, he took part in several naval expeditions, including one in 1904–1905 with the [[protected cruiser]] {{HDMS|Heimdal}} to the Mediterranean and the Atlantic.<ref name="DBL2"/>

===Marriage===
[[File:Marriage of Princess Maud.jpg|thumb|300px|Wedding of Princess Maud and Prince Carl at Buckingham Palace]]
On 28 October 1895, at the age of 23, Carl was engaged to his first cousin [[Princess Maud of Wales]]. Princess Maud was the youngest daughter of the Prince and Princess of Wales (later King [[Edward VII]] and [[Queen Alexandra of the United Kingdom]]). The Princess of Wales was Carl's aunt, being the eldest daughter of King Christian IX and [[Louise of Hesse-Kassel|Queen Louise]]. The wedding was celebrated on 22 July 1896,<ref name="Queen">{{cite magazine|title=The Queen Receives|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,715773,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081222143402/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,715773,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 December 2008|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date=18 June 1923|access-date=17 January 2009}}</ref> in the Private Chapel of [[Buckingham Palace]], and was attended by the bride's grandmother, the 77-year-old [[Queen Victoria]].

After the wedding, the couple settled in [[Copenhagen]], where Carl continued his career as a naval officer. They took up residence in the [[Bernstorff Mansion]], an 18th-century [[Rococo]] style [[townhouse]] owned by Carl's uncle King [[George I of Greece]], situated in [[Bredgade]] immediately adjacent to the Amalienborg Palace complex. Furthermore, the bride's father gave them Appleton House on the [[Sandringham Estate]] as a country residence for his daughter's frequent visits to England.<ref name=Appleton>{{cite web|url=http://www.kongehuset.no/artikkel.html?tid=77243|title=Appleton House|date=5 March 2011|website=kongehuset.no|publisher=[[Monarchy of Norway|The Royal House of Norway]]|access-date=11 April 2021|archive-date=25 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225191624/https://www.kongehuset.no/artikkel.html?tid=77243|url-status=live}}</ref> It was there that the couple's only child, [[Olav V of Norway|Prince Alexander]], the future Crown Prince Olav (and eventually King [[Olav V of Norway]]), was born on 2 July 1903.<ref name="Queen"/>