Editing Gwynedd (section)

== Toponymy ==
In the past, historians such as [[J. E. Lloyd]] assumed that the Celtic source of the word ''Gwynedd'' meant 'collection of tribes' – the same root as the Irish {{lang|ga|fine}}, meaning 'tribe'.<ref name=BLJ>[[Bedwyr Lewis Jones]]. ''Enwau (Llyfrau Llafar Gwlad)'' (Llanrwst, Gwasg Carreg Gwalch, 1991), p. 5–6.</ref> Further, a connection is recognised between the name and the Irish {{lang|ga|Féni}}, an early [[ethnonym]] for the Irish themselves, related to {{lang|ga|fían}}, 'company of hunting and fighting men, company of warriors under a leader'. Perhaps ''{{PIE|*u̯en-, u̯enə}}'' ('strive, hope, wish') is the Indo-European stem. The Irish settled in NW Wales, and in [[Dyfed]], at the end of the Roman era. {{lang|la|Venedotia}} was the Latin form, and in [[Penmachno]] there is a memorial stone from {{circa|AD 500}} which reads: {{lang|la|Cantiori Hic Iacit Venedotis}} ('Here lies Cantiorix, citizen of Gwynedd').<ref name=BLJ/> The name was retained by the Brythons when the kingdom of Gwynedd was formed in the 5th century, and it remained until the invasion of Edward I. This historical name was revived when the new county was formed in 1974.