Editing Greenwood, Indiana (section)

==History==
The first inhabitants of the area currently known as Greenwood were the [[Lenape|Delaware Indians (Lenape)]]. In 1818, the [[Treaty of St. Mary's]] opened central Indiana to European American settlement, and by 1823 the first cabin in northern Johnson County was erected by settlers John B. and Isaac Smock on land now occupied by [[Greenwood Park Mall]].<ref name="Story Map Tour">{{Cite news|url=https://greenwood.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapTour/index.html?appid=d3225f517d4f4abfa698811af8e59068|title=Story Map Tour|access-date=2016-10-24}}</ref> Greenwood was first known as "Smocktown" or "Smock's Settlement" in honor of the Smock brothers, and became "Greenfield" in 1825. Since this clashed with another [[Greenfield, Indiana|Greenfield]] located in [[Hancock County, Indiana|Hancock County]], the name of the settlement was changed to "Greenwood" in 1833.<ref name="HISTORY OF GREENWOOD TIMELINE">{{Cite web|url=http://www.greenwoodlibrary.us/history-timeline|title=History of Greenwood Timeline|access-date=2020-06-08|archive-date=June 8, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608195714/http://www.greenwoodlibrary.us/history-timeline|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Greenwood was incorporated as a town under Indiana law in 1864.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rRcVAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA531 | title=History of Johnson County, Indiana | publisher=B. F. Bowen & Company | author=Branigin, Elba L. | year=1913 | pages=531}}</ref>

Greenwood was an early and key cog in the Electric Indianapolis Interurban Railway System. In 1895, Henry L. Smith proposed and organized the Indianapolis, Greenwood & Franklin Company and graded the line to Greenwood. The [[Indianapolis, Greenwood & Franklin Railway]] was opened between Indianapolis and [[Greenwood station (Indiana)|Greenwood]] on January 1, 1900, and, according to Indianapolis historian Jacob Piatt Dunn, was the Hoosier capital's first real [[interurban]] electric railway.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indianahistory.org/our-services/books-publications/railroad-symposia-essays-1/The%20Economic%20and%20Social%20Impact.pdf|title=The Economic and Social Impact of the Electric Interurban Railways on Indianapolis: A Sketch for a Portrait|publisher=www.indianahistory.org|access-date=July 16, 2016|archive-date=January 17, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170117024006/http://www.indianahistory.org/our-services/books-publications/railroad-symposia-essays-1/The%20Economic%20and%20Social%20Impact.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> The railway followed what is now Madison Avenue.

The J.T. Polk Canning Company was essential to Greenwood's early growth. The cannery was a major employer and canned a variety of vegetables grown in Indiana. Later, the company expanded into the dairy market and provided milk delivery to customers. At one point the cannery was the largest canning operation west of [[Baltimore]].<ref name="Story Map Tour"/> The cannery was eventually purchased by the [[Stokely-Van Camp]] company and retained operations in Greenwood until the 1950s. Portions of the cannery are still standing on Main Street and have been repurposed for professional office space.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.polis.iupui.edu/RUC/Neighborhoods/Greenwood/GwoodNarrative.htm#_ftnref31|title=Greenwood|website=The Polis Center|publisher=Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis|access-date=September 8, 2016|archive-date=July 29, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180729114100/http://www.polis.iupui.edu/RUC/Neighborhoods/Greenwood/GwoodNarrative.htm#_ftnref31|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Greenwood became a fifth-class city in 1960.<ref>{{cite web|title=GREATER SOUTHEAST|url=http://www.polis.iupui.edu/RUC/Neighborhoods/GreaterSoutheast/GSENarrative.htm|website=polis.iupui.edu/|publisher=IUPUI|access-date=January 27, 2015|archive-date=January 21, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121071245/http://www.polis.iupui.edu/RUC/Neighborhoods/GreaterSoutheast/GSENarrative.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In February 1965, an Indiana Civil Rights Commission report found that Greenwood had recently been one of 19 [[sundown town]]s in Indiana, where African Americans were not allowed to live or stay after dark. The city had been exclusively white since the 1920s. The report analyzes Greenwood's housing problem within African American families in the few years leading up to 1965. The analysis confirms a study regarding poorly constructed homes on the outskirts of Greenwood and a purchased house bought by an African American family that sold below $15,000. Racial tensions rose when the family introduced themselves to their new neighbors. In response, the neighbors presented the African American family with hostile threats. In the aftermath, the owners revoked their sale from the housing market.<ref>{{cite news|title=Report shows Greenwood had a 'sundown' law...|first=Robert|last=Reed|work=[[Daily Journal (Franklin, Indiana)|The Daily Journal]]|location=Franklin, Indiana|date=March 28, 1965|page=1|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29374524/|via=Newspapers.com|quote=The progressive city of Greenwood is one of 19 Indiana communities that once had an unwritten 'sundown law' forbidding Negroes to be in town after dark according to the Indiana Civil Rights Commission. ... The Civil Rights Commission noted that several Negroes lived in Greenwood until the 1920s. Several were highly respected and one graduated from Greenwood high school. Since then the town has been exclusively white.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=February 1965 |title=Indiana's "Sundown Ordinances" - Fact or Fiction? |page= |pages=1, 11–12 |work=[[Indiana Civil Rights Commission]] |location=Indianapolis, Indiana |url=https://digital.palni.edu/digital/collection/gopplow/id/8199 |quote=A Study of "Sundown Ordinances" in Nineteen Indiana Towns and Cities. Greenwood Case Illustrates Housing Problem Facing Negroes.}}</ref>

Greenwood has long been a rightward-leaning community politically. After the founding of the [[John Birch Society]] in Indianapolis in 1958, a landmark for many years on the south side, adjacent to [[U.S. Route 31]], was a Society billboard demanding "Get US out! of the United Nations".

[[Greenwood Commercial Historic District]] was listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] in 1991. This district encompasses 25 buildings and {{convert|3.2|acre|hectare}}.<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2010a}}</ref>

In 2010, the Greenwood City Council approved a measure to change the official status of Greenwood to a second-class city in accordance with Indiana Code Title 36, Article 4, Chapter 1.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ibj.com/articles/44627-growing-central-indiana-suburbs-mull-class-status|title=Growing central Indiana suburbs mull class status|website=www.ibj.com|date=November 14, 2013 |access-date=2016-08-03}}</ref>

On July 17, 2022, three people were killed and two others wounded after [[Greenwood Park Mall shooting|a mass shooting]] occurred at the food court of [[Greenwood Park Mall]]. The gunman was subsequently shot and killed by an armed civilian who witnessed the shooting.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wrtv.com/news/local-news/crime/police-shooting-reported-at-greenwood-park-mall|title=Mass shooting at Greenwood Park Mall leaves multiple dead, injured|work=WRTV|last1=Gomez|first1=Jazlyn|last2=Gonzalez|first2=Lucas|date=July 17, 2022|access-date=July 17, 2022|language=en-US}}</ref>