Editing Greenwich Village (section)

==Geography==
===Boundaries===
[[File:Macdougal Street and Minetta Lane street scene NYC.jpg|thumb|left|[[MacDougal Street]] in Greenwich Village]]
The neighborhood is bordered by [[Broadway (Manhattan)|Broadway]] to the east, the [[North River (Hudson River)|North River]] (part of the [[Hudson River]]) to the west, [[Houston Street]] to the south, and [[14th Street (Manhattan)|14th Street]] to the north. It is roughly centered on [[Washington Square Park]] and [[New York University]]. Adjacent to Greenwich Village are the neighborhoods of [[NoHo, Manhattan|NoHo]] and the [[East Village, Manhattan|East Village]] to the east, [[SoHo, Manhattan|SoHo]] and [[Hudson Square]] to the south, and [[Chelsea, Manhattan|Chelsea]] and [[Union Square, Manhattan|Union Square]] to the north. The East Village was formerly considered part of the [[Lower East Side]] and has never been considered a part of Greenwich Village.<ref name=EV>[https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=990CEFD6123FF932A35752C0A963958260 F.Y.I.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221112094918/https://www.nytimes.com/1995/01/01/nyregion/fyi-649895.html |date=November 12, 2022 }}, "When did the East Village become the East Village and stop being part of the Lower East Side?", Jesse McKinley, ''[[The New York Times]]'', June 1, 1995. Retrieved August 26, 2008.</ref> The western part of Greenwich Village is known as the [[West Village, Manhattan|West Village]]; the dividing line of its eastern border is debated but commonly cited as [[Seventh Avenue (Manhattan)|Seventh Avenue]] or [[Sixth Avenue (Manhattan)|Sixth Avenue]]. The Far West Village is another sub-neighborhood of Greenwich Village that is bordered on its west by the Hudson River and on its east by [[Hudson Street (Manhattan)|Hudson Street]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=McFarland |first=Gerald W. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FoSEfHZvnLIC |title=Inside Greenwich Village: A New York City Neighborhood, 1898-1918 |date=2005 |publisher=University of Massachusetts Press |isbn=978-1-55849-502-9 |language=en}}</ref>

Into the early 20th century, Greenwich Village was distinguished from the upper-class neighborhood of Washington Square—based on the major landmark of Washington Square Park<ref>{{cite web |publisher=The Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation |url=http://www.gvshp.org/history.htm |title=Village History |access-date=January 5, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gold|1988|p=6}}</ref> or Empire Ward<ref name="Johns Hopkins University Press">{{cite book |last=Harris |first=Luther S. |title=Around Washington Square: An Illustrated History of Greenwich Village |url=https://archive.org/details/aroundwashington0000harr |url-access=registration |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |year=2003 |location=Baltimore |isbn=978-0-8018-7341-6}}</ref> in the 19th century.

''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'''s 1956 article on "New York (City)" states (under the subheading "Greenwich Village") that the southern border of the Village is [[Spring Street (Manhattan)|Spring Street]], reflecting an earlier understanding. Today, Spring Street overlaps with the modern, newer SoHo neighborhood designation, while the modern ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' cites the southern border as Houston Street.<ref>{{cite web |title=neighbourhood, New York City, New York, United States |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Greenwich-Village |access-date=July 3, 2019}}</ref>

===Grid plan===
[[File:West 4th and West 12th Intersection.JPG|thumb|left|250px|The intersection of West 4th and West 12th Streets]]
[[File:W 10 St and W 4 St – cropped.jpeg|thumb|left|250px|Street signs at intersection of West 10th and West 4th Streets]]

As Greenwich Village was once a rural, isolated [[Hamlet (New York)|hamlet]] to the north of the 17th century European settlement on [[Manhattan Island]], its street layout is more organic than the planned grid pattern of the 19th century [[grid plan]] (based on the [[Commissioners' Plan of 1811]]). Greenwich Village was allowed to keep the 18th century street pattern of what is now called the West Village: areas that were already built up when the plan was implemented, west of what is now [[Greenwich Avenue]] and [[Sixth Avenue (Manhattan)|Sixth Avenue]], resulted in a neighborhood whose streets are dramatically different, in layout, from the ordered structure of the newer parts of Manhattan.<ref name=fny199909>{{cite web |url=http://forgotten-ny.com/1999/09/greenwich-village-necrology/ |title=The Street Necrology of Greenwich Village |date=November 1999 |website=[[Forgotten NY]] |author=Walsh, Kevin |access-date=August 17, 2015}}</ref>

Many of the neighborhood's streets are narrow and some curve at odd angles. This is generally regarded as adding to both the historic character and charm of the neighborhood. In addition, as the meandering [[Greenwich Street]] used to be on the [[Hudson River]] shoreline, much of the neighborhood west of Greenwich Street is on landfill, but still follows the older street grid.<ref name=fny199909/> When Sixth and [[Seventh Avenue (Manhattan)|Seventh Avenues]] were extended in the early 20th century, they were built diagonally to the existing street plan, and many older, smaller streets had to be demolished.<ref name=fny199909/>

Unlike the streets of most of Manhattan above Houston Street, streets in the Village are typically named, not numbered. While some of the formerly named streets (including Factory, Herring and Amity Streets) are now numbered, they still do not always conform to the usual grid pattern when they enter the neighborhood.<ref name=fny199909/> For example, [[4th Street (Manhattan)|West 4th Street]] runs east–west across most of Manhattan, but runs north–south in Greenwich Village, causing it to intersect with West 10th, 11th, and 12th Streets before ending at West 13th Street.<ref name=fny199909/>

A large section of Greenwich Village, made up of more than 50 northern and western blocks in the area up to 14th Street, is part of a Historic District established by the [[New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission]]. The District's convoluted borders run no farther south than 4th Street or St. Luke's Place, and no farther east than Washington Square East or University Place.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/lpc/html/maps/maps_manh.shtml |title=Landmark Maps: Historic District Maps: Manhattan |publisher=Nyc.gov |access-date=September 21, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100909211747/http://www.nyc.gov/html/lpc/html/maps/maps_manh.shtml |archive-date=September 9, 2010}}</ref> Redevelopment in that area is severely restricted, and developers must preserve the main façade and aesthetics of the buildings during renovation.

Most of the buildings of Greenwich Village are mid-rise apartments, 19th century row houses, and the occasional one-family walk-up, a sharp contrast to the high-rise landscape in [[Midtown Manhattan|Midtown]] and [[Downtown Manhattan]].

===Political representation===

Politically, Greenwich Village is in [[New York's 10th congressional district]].<ref>[http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012c/CD_map_rep_10.pdf Congressional District 10] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200303015419/https://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012c/CD_map_rep_10.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161229135950/http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012c/CD_map_rep_10.pdf |archive-date=2016-12-29 |url-status=live |date=March 3, 2020 }}, New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment. Accessed May 5, 2017.</ref><ref>[http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012c/CD_nyc.pdf New York City Congressional Districts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224164245/https://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012c/CD_nyc.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160327174353/http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012c/CD_nyc.pdf |archive-date=2016-03-27 |url-status=live |date=February 24, 2021 }}, New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment. Accessed May 5, 2017.</ref> It is also in the [[New York State Senate]]'s 25th district,<ref>[http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012s/SD_map_rep_25.pdf Senate District 25] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200303015946/https://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012s/SD_map_rep_25.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160804083136/http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012s/SD_map_rep_25.pdf |archive-date=2016-08-04 |url-status=live |date=March 3, 2020 }}, New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment. Accessed May 5, 2017.</ref><ref>[http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012s/SD_nyc.pdf 2012 Senate District Maps: New York City] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224202014/https://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012s/SD_nyc.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160208072043/http://latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012s/SD_nyc.pdf |archive-date=2016-02-08 |url-status=live |date=February 24, 2021 }}, New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment. Accessed November 17, 2018.</ref> the [[New York State Assembly]]'s 66th district,<ref>[http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012a/AD_map_rep_066.pdf Assembly District 66] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200126212220/https://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012a/AD_map_rep_066.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417194656/http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012a/AD_map_rep_066.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-17 |url-status=live |date=January 26, 2020 }}, New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment. Accessed May 5, 2017.</ref><ref>[http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012a/AD_nyc.pdf 2012 Assembly District Maps: New York City] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225181526/https://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012a/AD_nyc.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417111619/http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012a/AD_nyc.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-17 |url-status=live |date=February 25, 2021 }}, New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment. Accessed November 17, 2018.</ref> and the [[New York City Council]]'s 3rd district.<ref>[http://www.nyc.gov/html/dc/downloads/pdf/manhattan.pdf Current City Council Districts for New York County] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201203170907/http://www.nyc.gov/html/dc/downloads/pdf/manhattan.pdf |date=December 3, 2020 }}, [[New York City]]. Accessed May 5, 2017.</ref>