Editing Government of Ghana (section)

==Government==
{{Main|Parliament of Ghana|Elections in Ghana}}
{{See also|Political parties in Ghana}}
[[File:Ghana Presidential Election Result, 2012.jpg|thumb|left|280px|[[Ghana presidential election, 2012]] result according to the [[Electoral Commission of Ghana]].<br>
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{{color box|#0000FF}} [[National Democratic Congress (Ghana)|National Democratic Congress]]<br>{{color box|#81D8D0}} [[New Patriotic Party]]]]
{{Politics of Ghana}}
Political parties became legal in mid-1992 after a ten-year hiatus. There are more than 20 registered political parties under the Fourth Republic.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ghana/|title=Africa: Ghana|date=2017|website=The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency|access-date=18 July 2019}}</ref> The two main parties are the [[National Democratic Congress (Ghana)|National Democratic Congress]] and the [[New Patriotic Party]]. The [[National Democratic Congress (Ghana)|National Democratic Congress]] is the successor organisation to [[Jerry Rawlings|Jerry John Rawlings]]' [[Provisional National Defence Council]] which was in power from 1981 to 1992.<ref name="cs">"Government and Politics". ''[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/ghtoc.html A Country Study: Ghana]'' (La Verle Berry, editor). [[Library of Congress]] [[Federal Research Division]] (November 1994). ''This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the [[public domain]]. [http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/about.html Lcweb2.loc.gov].''</ref>

The [[New Patriotic Party]], found in 1992, is the successor to the Gold Coast's [[The Big Six (Ghana)|The Big Six]] independence achiever party [[United Gold Coast Convention]] (UGCC); the People's National Convention, and the [[Convention People's Party]], successor to [[Kwame Nkrumah]]'s original party of the same name, which was the incumbent government of Ghana for 10 years from declaration of independence in 1957 to 1966, winning elections in 1956, 1960, and 1965.<ref name=cs/>

The National Democratic Congress won the presidential and parliamentary elections in 1992, 1996, 2008 and 2012. The New Patriotic Party won the presidential and parliamentary elections in 2000, 2004, and 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Electoral Commission of Ghana |url=http://www.ec.gov.gh/resources/downloads/election-results.html |access-date=27 February 2018 |website=Electoral Commission Ghana Online |archive-date=6 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106173202/https://www.ec.gov.gh/resources/downloads/election-results.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2020, the NPP won the Presidency, yet tied in the parliamentary elections with the NDC and the single seat that remained was filled by an independent, turning the NPP into the Fourth Republic’s first minority government. The following election in 2024, the National Democratic Congress 
managed to return to power, winning both the Presidency and parliament handedly, making their candidate, former President [[John Mahama]] (2012-2017), the first President to serve a non-consecutive second term.
===Foreign relations===
{{Main|Foreign relations of Ghana}}
{{See also|China–Ghana relations|Ghana–Russia relations|Ghana–India relations}}
[[File:Kofi Annan at OYW.jpg|thumb|250px|left|{{center|Ghanaian diplomat [[Kofi Annan]] served as [[Secretary-General of the United Nations]] for nine years until 2006.}}]]
Since independence, Ghana has been devoted to ideals of nonalignment and is a founding member of the [[Non-Aligned Movement|non-aligned movement]]. Ghana favors international and regional political and economic co-operation, and is an active member of the United Nations and the African Union.<ref name="H. E. Mr. Ken Kanda">{{cite web |date=20 September 2011 |title=Official page of Nations Permanent Mission of Ghana to the United Nations |url=http://www.un.int/ghana/ |access-date=20 May 2012 |work= |publisher=United Nations}}</ref>

Many Ghanaian diplomats and politicians hold positions in international organisations. These include Ghanaian diplomat and former [[Secretary-General of the United Nations]] [[Kofi Annan]], International Criminal Court Judge [[Akua Kuenyehia]], former President [[Jerry Rawlings|Jerry John Rawlings]] and former President [[John Kufuor|John Agyekum Kuffour]] who have both served as diplomats of the United Nations.<ref name=cs/>

In September 2010, Ghana's former President [[John Atta Mills]] visited China on an official visit. Mills and China's former President [[Hu Jintao]], marked the 50th anniversary of diplomatic ties between the two nations, at the [[Great Hall of the People]] on 20 September 2010.<ref name="Hu Jintao-John Atta Mills">{{cite web |date=20 September 2010 |title=Hu Jintao Holds Talks with President of Ghana Mills |url=http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/wjb/zzjg/fzs/gjlb/2999/3001/t755583.htm |access-date=4 January 2012 |work= |publisher=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China]]}}</ref> [[China]] reciprocated with a visit in November 2011, by the vice-chairman of the [[Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of China]], [[Zhou Tienong]] who visited Ghana and met with Ghana's President [[John Dramani Mahama]].<ref name="Xinhua2011">{{cite web | url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/china/2011-11/12/c_122269189.htm | title=Visiting senior Chinese official lauds Ghana for political stability, national unity | publisher=Xinhua | date=12 November 2011 | access-date=13 November 2011 | author=Deng, Shasha | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909155705/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/china/2011-11/12/c_122269189.htm | archive-date=9 September 2013 }}</ref>

===Judicial system===
{{Main|Judiciary of Ghana}}
The legal system is based on the 1992 constitution, customary (traditional) law, and British [[common law]]. Court hierarchy consists of [[Supreme Court of Ghana]] (highest court), courts of appeal, and high courts of justice. Beneath these bodies are circuit, magisterial, and traditional courts. Extrajudicial institutions include public tribunals.<ref name=cs/> Since independence, courts are relatively independent; this independence continues under the Republic. Lower courts are being redefined and reorganized under the Republic.<ref name=cs/>

===Administrative divisions===
{{Main|Administrative divisions of Ghana}}
{{See also|Regions of Ghana|Districts of Ghana}}

There are sixteen administrative regions of the Republic of Ghana which are divided into 6 metropolitan assemblies; 55 Municipal assemblies; and 216 districts,<ref name="Ghana at a glance">{{cite web |title=Ghana at a glance |url=http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/about-ghana/ghana-at-a-glance |access-date=1 June 2013 |work= |publisher=Government of Ghana |archive-date=7 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130507152131/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/about-ghana/ghana-at-a-glance |url-status=dead }}</ref> each with its own district assembly.<ref name="Ghana at a glance"/> Below districts are various types of councils, including 58 town or area councils; 108 zonal councils; and 626 area councils.<ref name="Ghana at a glance"/> Over 16,000 unit committees exist on the lowest level.<ref name=cs/> Ghana has 275 electoral constituencies.<ref name="Ghana at a glance"/>

===Parliamentary Constituencies of Ghana===
{{Main|List of Ghana Parliament constituencies|l1=Ghana Parliament constituencies}}
{{Navboxes |bg=Green |fg=White |bordercolor=  
|title = {{color|white|Government of Ghana}} [[Parliament of Ghana|{{color|white|Parliamentary Constituencies of}}]] [[Ghana|{{color|white|Ghana}}]]
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{{Constituencies in Ashanti Region of Ghana|state = uncollapsed}}
{{Constituencies in Brong Ahafo Region of Ghana|state = uncollapsed}}
{{Constituencies in Central Region of Ghana|state = uncollapsed}}
{{Constituencies in Eastern Region of Ghana|state = uncollapsed}}
{{Constituencies in Greater Accra Region of Ghana|state = uncollapsed}}
{{Constituencies in Northern Region of Ghana|state = uncollapsed}}
{{Constituencies in Upper East Region of Ghana|state = uncollapsed}}
{{Constituencies in Upper West Region of Ghana|state = uncollapsed}}
{{Constituencies in Volta Region of Ghana|state = uncollapsed}}
{{Constituencies in Western Region of Ghana|state = uncollapsed}}
}}